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Shorter sleep duration and better sleep quality are associated with greater tissue density in the brain.

ABSTRACT: Poor sleep quality is associated with unfavorable psychological measurements, whereas sleep duration has complex relationships with such measurements. The aim of this study was to identify the associations between microstructural properties of the brain and sleep duration/sleep quality in a young adult. The associations between mean diffusivity (MD), a measure of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and sleep duration/sleep quality were investigated in a study cohort of 1201 normal young adults. Positive correlations between sleep duration and MD of widespread areas of the brain, including the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the dopaminergic systems, were identified. Negative correlations between sleep quality and MD of the widespread areas of the brain, including the PFC and the right hippocampus, were also detected. Lower MD has been previously associated with more neural tissues in the brain. Further, shorter sleep duration was associated with greater persistence and executive functioning (lower Stroop interference), whereas good sleep quality was associated with states and traits relevant to positive affects. These results suggest that bad sleep quality and longer sleep duration were associated with aberrant neurocognitive measurements in the brain in healthy young adults.

SUBMITTER: Takeuchi H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5895621 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Shorter sleep duration and better sleep quality are associated with greater tissue density in the brain.

Takeuchi Hikaru H Taki Yasuyuki Y Nouchi Rui R Yokoyama Ryoichi R Kotozaki Yuka Y Nakagawa Seishu S Sekiguchi Atsushi A Iizuka Kunio K Yamamoto Yuki Y Hanawa Sugiko S Araki Tsuyoshi T Miyauchi Carlos Makoto CM Shinada Takamitsu T Sakaki Kohei K Nozawa Takayuki T Ikeda Shigeyuki S Yokota Susumu S Daniele Magistro M Sassa Yuko Y Kawashima Ryuta R

Scientific reports 20180411 1

Poor sleep quality is associated with unfavorable psychological measurements, whereas sleep duration has complex relationships with such measurements. The aim of this study was to identify the associations between microstructural properties of the brain and sleep duration/sleep quality in a young adult. The associations between mean diffusivity (MD), a measure of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and sleep duration/sleep quality were investigated in a study cohort of 1201 normal young adults. Posi ...[more]

PMID: 29643448

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Project description:Background and objectivesShorter or longer sleep duration and poor sleep quality are risk factors for numerous cardio-metabolic diseases, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in subjects with normal kidney function. The association of sleep duration and sleep quality with health outcomes in patients with CKD remains uncertain.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsA 4-year prospective cohort study in 17 nephrology centers in Japan, the CKD Japan Cohort (CKD-JAC) Study, assessed an association of self-reported sleep duration and sleep quality, on the basis of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, with incidence of ESKD in 1601 patients with eGFR 10-59 ml/min per 1.73 m2 using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsBaseline sleep duration and PSQI global score for the 1601 patients were mean±SD 7.0±1.3 hours and median 4 (interquartile range, 3-7), respectively. Poor sleep quality (PSQI global score ≥6) was common (n=588 [37%]). During a median of 4.0 (2.6-4.3) years of the follow-up period, 282 (18%) patients progressed to ESKD. After adjusting for age, sex, eGFR, urinary albumin excretion, smoking status, body mass index, history of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, systolic BP, blockade of the renin-angiotensin system, use of hypnotics, and Beck depression inventory score, both shorter (≤5 hour) and longer (>8 hour) sleep duration were associated with ESKD (adjusted hazard ratios [95% confidence intervals] for ≤5.0, 5.1-6.0, 6.1-7.0, 7.1-8.0, and ≥8.0 hours were 2.05 [1.31 to3.21], 0.98 [0.67 to 1.44], 1.00 [reference], 1.22 [0.89 to 1.66], and 1.48 [1.01 to 2.16]), suggesting a U-shaped relationship between sleep duration and ESKD. PSQI global score ≥6 was also associated with incidence of ESKD (adjusted hazard ratios [95% confidence intervals] for PSQI global score ≤5 and ≥6 were 1.00 [reference] and 1.33 [1.03 to 1.71]).ConclusionsShorter (≤5 hour) and longer (>8 hour) sleep duration and poor sleep quality (PSQI global score ≥6) were associated with ESKD in patients with CKD.

Project description:BackgroundCardiovascular health optimization during middle age benefits brain health. The American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 recently added sleep duration as a key determinant of cardiovascular health becoming the Life's Essential 8. We tested the hypothesis that suboptimal sleep duration is associated with poorer neuroimaging brain health profiles in asymptomatic middle-aged adults.MethodsWe conducted a prospective MRI neuroimaging study in middle-aged persons without stroke, dementia, or multiple sclerosis enrolled in the UK Biobank. Self-reported sleep duration was categorized as short (<7 hours), optimal (7-<9 hours), or long (≥9 hours). Evaluated neuroimaging markers of brain health included white matter hyperintensities (presence and volume) and diffusion tensor imaging metrics (fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity) evaluated in 48 distinct neuroanatomical regions. We used multivariable logistic and linear regression models, as appropriate, to test for association between sleep duration and neuroimaging markers of brain health.ResultsWe evaluated 39,502 middle-aged persons (mean age 55, 53% female). Of these, 28,712 (72.7%) had optimal, 8,422 (21.3%) short, and 2,368 (6%) long sleep. Compared to optimal sleep, short sleep was associated with higher risk (OR 1.11; 95% CI 1.05-1.17; P<0.001) and larger volume (beta=0.06, SE=0.01; P<0.001) of white matter hyperintensities, while long sleep was associated with higher volume (beta=0.04, SE=0.02; P=0.01) but not higher risk (P>0.05) of white matter hyperintensities. Short (beta=0.03, SE=0.01; P=0.004) and long sleep (beta=0.07, SE=0.02; P<0.001) were associated with worse fractional anisotropy, while only long sleep associated with worse mean diffusivity (beta=0.05, SE=0.02; P=0.005).ConclusionsAmong middle-aged adults without clinically observed neurological disease, suboptimal sleep duration is associated with poorer neuroimaging brain health profiles. Because the evaluated neuroimaging markers precede stroke and dementia by several years, our findings support early interventions aimed at correcting this modifiable risk factor.

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Shorter sleep duration and better sleep quality are associated with greater tissue density in the brain.

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Shorter sleep duration and better sleep quality are associated with greater tissue density in the brain.

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