Molecular Signatures of Regression of the Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Frampton D
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5896242 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundThe canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) or Sticker's sarcoma is a neoplastic disease affecting dogs. This disease is presented as a tumoral mass in the genital organs of both, male and female individuals. Up to date, there is no clear evidence indicating a viral agent as the causative mediator for CTVT development.PurposeThe present work aims to analyze 21 samples from canines with CTVT for molecular identification of Papillomavirus DNA sequences. In addition, microbiological analysis, cytologic and histopathologic evaluations were also performed.ResultsAll patients showed no biochemical and microbiological alterations. Molecular analysis demonstrated the viral DNA presence in the samples using different primer sets. The MY primers amplified a 450 bp band in seven out of 21 samples (33%). The PVF and Fap64 primer set, targeting the L1 sequence of Canine Papillomavirus (CPV), showed positivity in 16 out of 21 samples (76%).ConclusionThese results support the possible causative association between CPV and CTVT; nevertheless, additional studies are required to uphold such statement. This work presents evidence indicating that a viral agent might be involved in the pathogenesis of CTVT and set the bases for a better understanding of the CTVT pathobiology.
| S-EPMC6816387 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is the only naturally contagious tumor that is transmitted during coitus or social behaviors. Based on the tumor's location, the diagnosis of genital TVT (GTVT) is comparably easier than those in the extragenital area (ETVT) that are more easily incorrectly diagnosed. Fortunately, CTVT cells contain a specific long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE), inserted upstream of the myc gene, allowing a diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based detection assay. The objectives of this study were aimed to improve the diagnostic accuracy by applying the diagnostic LINE1-c-myc PCR assay and fine needle aspiration (FNA) collection in direct comparison with standard cytological and histopathological analyses. Seventy-four dogs, comprised of 41 and 31 dogs with tumor masses at their external genitalia and extragenital areas (e.g. skin and nasal cavity), respectively, were included in this study. The signalment of these 65 dogs and clinical history of 20 client-owned dogs were collected. Samples were taken by biopsy for both histopathological examination and FNA for cytological examination and diagnostic PCR. The PCR products from 10 apparently CTVT samples were purified and sequenced. Sixty-one CTVT cases were diagnosed by cytological and histological analyses, but 65 were positive by the PCR assay. Overall, the PCR assay improved the accuracy of diagnostic CTVT results, especially for the more difficult ETVT tumors. Moreover, this PCR-based approach can facilitate the decision as to discontinue chemotherapy by discrimination between residual tumor cell masses and fibrotic tissue.
| S-EPMC4976273 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is found mainly in dogs' sexual organs. Currently, it is widely accepted that all samples of CTVT show similar histopathological characteristics and share common genetic alterations. Despite the common genetic origin of CTVT, mutations in the P53 gene have been reported. In this study, we proposed that tumor samples can be genetically grouped using this gene. The presence of different subgroups of CTVT was determined in Mexican dogs using the TP53 gene sequence in CTVT samples. Four new polymorphisms were found and therefore, the CTVT samples were classified in five subgroups.
| S-EPMC2807274 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The canine transmissible veneral tumour (CTVT) is one of the few known clonally transmissible cancers in nature. CTVT regresses spontaneously or after a single treatment with vincristine, however we know little of the mechanisms. To understand CTVT regression, we performed transcriptional analyses on serial biopsies of regressing and non-regressing CTVT, aiming to identify the likely drivers of CTVT regression.
2018-01-31 | E-MTAB-5488 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:BackgroundThe canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT) is a contagious cancer that is naturally transmitted between dogs by the allogeneic transfer of living cancer cells during coitus. CTVT first arose several thousand years ago and has been reported in dog populations worldwide; however, its precise distribution patterns and prevalence remain unclear.ResultsWe analysed historical literature and obtained CTVT prevalence information from 645 veterinarians and animal health workers in 109 countries in order to estimate CTVT's former and current global distribution and prevalence. This analysis confirmed that CTVT is endemic in at least 90 countries worldwide across all inhabited continents. CTVT is estimated to be present at a prevalence of one percent or more in dogs in at least 13 countries in South and Central America as well as in at least 11 countries in Africa and 8 countries in Asia. In the United States and Australia, CTVT was reported to be endemic only in remote indigenous communities. Comparison of current and historical reports of CTVT indicated that its prevalence has declined in Northern Europe, possibly due to changes in dog control laws during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Analysis of factors influencing CTVT prevalence showed that presence of free-roaming dogs was associated with increased CTVT prevalence, while dog spaying and neutering were associated with reduced CTVT prevalence. Our analysis indicated no gender bias for CTVT and we found no evidence that animals with CTVT frequently harbour concurrent infectious diseases. Vincristine was widely reported to be the most effective therapy for CTVT.ConclusionsOur results provide a survey of the current global distribution of CTVT, confirming that CTVT is endemic in at least 90 countries worldwide. Additionally, our analysis highlights factors that continue to modify CTVT's prevalence around the world and implicates free-roaming dogs as a reservoir for the disease. Our analysis also documents the disappearance of the disease from the United Kingdom during the twentieth century, which appears to have been an unintentional result of the introduction of dog control policies.
| S-EPMC4152766 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Primary nasal canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) without genital affection is uncommon. The aim of this report was to describe the primary nasal CTVT findings and CT staging in 4 dogs with different cytological phenotypes. Three male dogs and 1 bitch were evaluated for their chronic histories of sneezing, snoring, mucopurulent nasal discharge and nasal deformation. Cytological examination of nasal secretions suggested CTVT, confirmed by histopathological examination and LINE-1/c-myc. Males had the plasmacytoid phenotype of CTVT, and the bitch had the lymphocytoid phenotype. CTVT were staged based on the CT findings using modified Adams staging system. The bitch was classified as stage 1, 2 males were classified as stage 3 and 1 male as stage 4. All dogs had a complete tumoral remission after chemotherapy. Plasmacytoid phenotype was identified in cases with most important damage of the nasal cavity. However, the cytological type did not affect the response to chemotherapy.
| S-EPMC5980456 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: Vincristine (VCR) is a mono-chemotherapy for canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT). L-asparaginase (LAP) is usually used in combination with other drugs. Previously, LAP-VCR protocol was applied for the CTVT-VCR-resistant cases. However, there were a few reports about using this protocol since the first visit. Aims: To firstly investigate the effectiveness of combining chemotherapy (Vincristine and L-asparaginase, VCR-LAP) in normal CTVT case. Secondly, to compare this protocol with the conventional (Vincristine, VCR) protocol before and during treatment in 24 CTVT dogs. Materials and Methods: Clinical signs, tumor relative volume, and histopathological change [amount of CTVT cells, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), TILs/CTVT ratio, collagen area, and Ki-67 proliferative index (PI)] were the treatment evaluation parameters. Moreover, transcriptome analysis of apoptotic (Bcl-2, Bax), drug-resistant genes (ABCB1, ABCG2), and BCL-2 and BAX expression were also included. Results: Both protocols gave the decreased tumor volume, increased TILs/CTVT ratios and collagen area in the mass. Interestingly, the combination protocol decreased treatment time. There were two resistant cases after treatment with VCR. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax were decreased, and this may indicate the better response after treatment. Moreover, both drug resistant genes did not increase after treatment. Conclusion: The main finding of this study is that the combination protocol did not only decrease treatment duration time but also gave the effectiveness of treatment outcomes in CTVT cases. Therefore, the application of the new protocol could be used by the field practitioners.
| S-EPMC6759545 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The canine transmissible veneral tumour (CTVT) is one of the few known clonally transmissible cancers in nature. CTVT regresses spontaneously or after a single treatment with vincristine, however we know little of the mechanisms. To understand CTVT regression, we performed transcriptional analyses on serial biopsies of regressing and non-regressing CTVT, aiming to identify the likely drivers of CTVT regression.
2018-01-31 | E-MTAB-5889 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:To assess expression of mtDNA genes in the canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT), biopsy tissue samples from 33 CTVT cases were subjected to total RNA extraction, and stranded RNA sequencing libraries generated with the Ribo-Zero ribosomal RNA removal kit (insert size 100–300 bp) were sequenced using 75-bp paired-end sequencing reads on an Illumina HiSeq4000 instrument. Gene transcript abundance was quantified using the Salmon software (v0.8.2).
2020-04-29 | E-MTAB-9037 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:BackgroundCanine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT) is a naturally occurring neoplasia affecting dogs worldwide. Previous CTVT studies in Grenada were limited to case records of dogs with neoplastic conditions at a veterinary diagnostic laboratory.ObjectivesThe present retrospective study aimed to determine the occurrence and risk factors of CTVT in a wider population of owned dogs presented to a university-affiliated veterinary hospital between 2008 and 2018.MethodsData on the age, breed, gender, and gonadectomy status were retrieved from an electronic database and analyzed using logistic regression.ResultsOf the 7180 dogs presented during the period, 102 dogs (1.4%) were diagnosed with CTVT. A higher predisposition was observed in Grenadian pothounds (odds ratio [OR] = 22.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 10.3-50.4; p < 0.001) and mixed-breed dogs (OR = 9.2, 95% CI 4.1-20.7; p < 0.001) in comparison to the purebreds. Neutered dogs (OR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.4-3.3; p < 0.001) were at an increased risk of CTVT than intact dogs. Age and gender were not identified as significant risk factors.ConclusionsThe percentage of dogs with CTVT in this study represents a crude estimate of the CTVT prevalence in the owned dog population in Grenada. Further studies including both owned and free-roaming dogs are required for a more accurate estimation of the CTVT prevalence in the region. Our results indicate that breed and gonadectomy status are significant risk factors for the occurrence of CTVT in Grenada.
| S-EPMC9122414 | biostudies-literature