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Trends of two HPV-associated cancers in Massachusetts: cervical and oropharyngeal cancer.

ABSTRACT: PURPOSE:To understand trends in the incidence and mortality of two human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers, cervical and oropharyngeal cancer, in Massachusetts. METHODS:From 2004 to 2014, the Massachusetts Cancer Registry recorded 3,996 incident cases of oropharyngeal cancer and 2,193 incident cases of cervical cancer. Mortality data were obtained from the Massachusetts Registry of Vital Records and Statistics from 2008 to 2014. Rates were age-standardized to the 2000 U.S. population and trends were assessed using joinpoint regression. RESULTS:While the incidence rate of cervical cancer (5.46 per 100,000) decreased by 2.41% annually (p?=?0.004), the incidence rate of oropharyngeal cancer among males (7.85 per 100,000) increased by 2.82% annually (p?=?0.0002). Mortality rates for both cancers decreased from 2008 to 2014 but were not statistically significant (cervical -?3.73% annually, p?=?0.29; oropharyngeal -?1.94% annually, p?=?0.44). CONCLUSION:The rising incidence rate of oropharyngeal cancer in men and the decreasing, but relatively high, incidence rate of cervical cancer in women highlight the need for further screening and prevention by HPV vaccination in Massachusetts.

SUBMITTER: Cook EE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5899047 | biostudies-literature | 2018 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Trends of two HPV-associated cancers in Massachusetts: cervical and oropharyngeal cancer.

Cook Erin E EE Gershman Susan T ST Kim Jane J JJ Tamimi Rulla M RM Klevens R Monina RM Holmes Michelle D MD

Cancer causes & control : CCC 20180301 4-5

<h4>Purpose</h4>To understand trends in the incidence and mortality of two human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers, cervical and oropharyngeal cancer, in Massachusetts.<h4>Methods</h4>From 2004 to 2014, the Massachusetts Cancer Registry recorded 3,996 incident cases of oropharyngeal cancer and 2,193 incident cases of cervical cancer. Mortality data were obtained from the Massachusetts Registry of Vital Records and Statistics from 2008 to 2014. Rates were age-standardized to the 2000 U.S. p ...[more]

PMID: 29497883

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Project description:Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the fifth most common malignancy worldwide with an annual mortality rate of 200,000. About 90% of HNC can be classified as head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), of which approximately 75% are attributed to alcohol and tobacco consumption and 25 are associated with human papillomavirus (HPV), predominantly HPV16. HPV-associated OPC have better prognosis and a more favorable response to therapy as compared to HPV-negative tumors. Viral oncoproteins are capable of transforming primary human keratinocytes from either genital or oral epithelia in vitro and most likely play the same role in vivo, by disrupting cell-cycle regulatory pathways leading to a genetic progression to ano-genital cancer and OPC. However, the precise mechanisms by which HPV mediates malignant transformation of keratinocytes in the upper digestive tract epithelia are not entirely clear. HPV E7-mediated inactivation of pRb results in overexpression of p16INK4A, which is commonly used as a clinical surrogate marker for HPV positivity/activity. However, high p16INK4A alone has insufficient sensitivity and specificity as a biomarker of HPV positivity in different mucosal sub-sites of HNC. Therefore, increasing emphasis is being placed on the assessment of viral load and E7 oncogene expression, resulting in further classification of HPV positive OPC as HPV-active and HPV-inactive. Differences in risk factors, age of presentation, clinical behavior and gene expression profiles indicate that HPV-positive and HPV-negative tumors develop via different molecular mechanisms and are biologically distinct. This study aimed to compare the gene expression profiles of HPV-negative and HPV-inactive OPCs from both African American and European American patients, and determine their biological and racial differences. ANALYSIS 4: Four-condition, one-color experiment: African American (AA) HPV-inactive, African American (AA) HPV-negative, European American (EA) HPV-inactive, European American (EA) HPV-negative oropharyngeal tumor samples. Biological replicates: 4 AA HPV Inactive samples, 8 AA HPV Negative samples, 4 EA HPV Inactive samples and 8 EA HPV Negative samples,

Dataset Information

Trends of two HPV-associated cancers in Massachusetts: cervical and oropharyngeal cancer.

Publications

Trends of two HPV-associated cancers in Massachusetts: cervical and oropharyngeal cancer.

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