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Endoplasmic reticulum-localized CCX2 is required for osmotolerance by regulating ER and cytosolic Ca2+ dynamics in Arabidopsis.


ABSTRACT: Ca2+ signals in plant cells are important for adaptive responses to environmental stresses. Here, we report that the Arabidopsis CATION/Ca2+ EXCHANGER2 (CCX2), encoding a putative cation/Ca2+ exchanger that localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), is strongly induced by salt and osmotic stresses. Compared with the WT, AtCCX2 loss-of-function mutant was less tolerant to osmotic stress and displayed the most noteworthy phenotypes (less root/shoot growth) during salt stress. Conversely, AtCCX2 gain-of-function mutants were more tolerant to osmotic stress. In addition, AtCCX2 partially suppresses the Ca2+ sensitivity of K667 yeast triple mutant, characterized by Ca2+ uptake deficiency. Remarkably, Cameleon Ca2+ sensors revealed that the absence of AtCCX2 activity results in decreased cytosolic and increased ER Ca2+ concentrations in comparison with both WT and the gain-of-function mutants. This was observed in both salt and nonsalt osmotic stress conditions. It appears that AtCCX2 is directly involved in the control of Ca2+ fluxes between the ER and the cytosol, which plays a key role in the ability of plants to cope with osmotic stresses. To our knowledge, Atccx2 is unique as a plant mutant to show a measured alteration in ER Ca2+ concentrations. In this study, we identified the ER-localized AtCCX2 as a pivotal player in the regulation of ER Ca2+ dynamics that heavily influence plant growth upon salt and osmotic stress.

SUBMITTER: Corso M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5899463 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Endoplasmic reticulum-localized CCX2 is required for osmotolerance by regulating ER and cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> dynamics in <i>Arabidopsis</i>.

Corso Massimiliano M   Corso Massimiliano M   Doccula Fabrizio G FG   de Melo J Romário F JRF   Costa Alex A   Verbruggen Nathalie N  

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20180326 15


Ca<sup>2+</sup> signals in plant cells are important for adaptive responses to environmental stresses. Here, we report that the <i>Arabidopsis</i> CATION/Ca<sup>2+</sup> EXCHANGER2 (CCX2), encoding a putative cation/Ca<sup>2+</sup> exchanger that localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), is strongly induced by salt and osmotic stresses. Compared with the WT, <i>AtCCX2</i> loss-of-function mutant was less tolerant to osmotic stress and displayed the most noteworthy phenotypes (less root/shoot  ...[more]

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