Dataset Information

Comparative transcriptional profiling analysis of the effect of heat waves during embryo incubation on the hatchlings of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis).

ABSTRACT: Temperature is one of most the important environmental factors that affect the ontogenesis of organisms. In this study, we incubated Chinese soft-shelled turtle eggs at 28°C (control temperature, C treatment), a temperature with a 16°C cold shock and a 36°C heat shock twice per week (S treatment) or a ramp-programmed temperature of 29 ± 9°C (with 12 hr (+) and 12 hr (-) every day) (F treatment). The incubation period, hatching success, hatchling weight, and locomotor performance were significantly different between the controls and the different heat treatment groups. The pathogen challenge results illustrated that hatchlings from the S treatment group were more resistant to bacterial infection, whereas hatchlings from the F treatment group were more vulnerable. We used RNA-seq quantification analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of hatchlings in the S treatment group. Based on the functional annotation results for the DEGs, 9 genes were chosen to verify the RNA-seq results. The background expression of DEGs was also analyzed for the three treatments, as was the regulation of the pathogen challenge. The results showed that 8 DEGs were related to the immune response after pathogen challenge and that temperature was an important factor in differential regulation of the immunity pathways.

SUBMITTER: Dang W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5901165 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparative transcriptional profiling analysis of the effect of heat waves during embryo incubation on the hatchlings of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (<i>Pelodiscus sinensis</i>).

Dang Wei W Lu Hongliang H Wu Qiong Q Gao Yuan Y Qi Qinqin Q Fan Handong H

Ecology and evolution 20180310 7

Temperature is one of most the important environmental factors that affect the ontogenesis of organisms. In this study, we incubated Chinese soft-shelled turtle eggs at 28°C (control temperature, C treatment), a temperature with a 16°C cold shock and a 36°C heat shock twice per week (S treatment) or a ramp-programmed temperature of 29 ± 9°C (with 12 hr (+) and 12 hr (-) every day) (F treatment). The incubation period, hatching success, hatchling weight, and locomotor performance were significant ...[more]

PMID: 29686856

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Project description:Heat-shock proteins 70/110 (Hsp70/110) are vital molecular chaperones and stress proteins whose expression and production are generally induced by extreme temperatures or external stresses. The Hsp70/110 family is largely conserved in diverse animals. Although many reports have studied and elaborated on the characteristics of Hsp70/110 in various species, the systematic identification and analysis of Hsp70/110 are still poor in turtles. In this study, a genomewide search was performed, and 18 candidate PsHSP70/110 family genes were identified in Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis. These PsHSP70/110 proteins contained the conserved "heat shock protein 70" domain. Phylogenetic analysis of PsHSP70/110 and their homologs revealed evolutionary conservation of Hsp70/110 across different species. Tissue-specific expression analysis showed that these PsHSP70/110 genes were differentially expressed in different tissues of P. sinensis. Furthermore, to examine the putative biological functions of PsHSP70/110, the dynamic expression of PsHSP70/110 genes was analyzed in the testis of P. sinensis during seasonal spermatogenesis following germ cell apoptosis. Notably, genes such as PsHSPA1B-L, PsHSPA2, and PsHSPA8 were significantly upregulated in P. sinensis testes along with a seasonal decrease in apoptosis. Protein interaction prediction revealed that PsHSPA1B-L, PsHSPA2, and PsHSPA8 may interact with each other and participate in the MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis showed that PsHSPA1B-L, PsHSPA2, and PsHSPA8 protein expression was associated with seasonal temperature variation. The expression profiling and interaction relationships of the PsHSPA1B-L, PsHSPA2, and PsHSPA8 proteins implied their potential roles in inhibiting the apoptosis of germ cells in P. sinensis. These results provide insights into PsHSP70/110 functions and will serve as a rich resource for further investigation of HSP70/110 family genes in P. sinensis and other turtles.

Project description:The Chinese soft-shelled (Pelodiscus sinensis) turtle exhibits obvious sex dimorphism, which leads to the higher economic and nutritional value of male individuals. Exogenous hormones can cause the transformation from male to female phenotype during gonadal differentiation. However, the molecular mechanism related to the sexual reversal process is unclear. In this study, we compared the difference between the small RNAs of male, female, and pseudo-female turtles by small RNA-seq to understand the sexual reversal process of Chinese soft-shelled turtles. A certain dose of estrogen can cause the transformation of Chinese soft-shelled turtles from male to female, which are called pseudo-female individuals. The result of small RNA-seq has revealed that the characteristics of pseudo-females are very similar to females, but are strikingly different from males. The number of the microRNAs (miRNAs) of male individuals was significantly less than the number of female individuals or pseudo-female individuals, while the expression level of miRNAs of male individuals were significantly higher than the other two types. Furthermore, we found 533 differentially expressed miRNAs, including 173 up-regulated miRNAs and 360 down-regulated miRNAs, in the process of transformation from male to female phenotype. Cluster analysis of the total 602 differential miRNAs among females, males, and pseudo-females showed that miRNAs played a crucial role during the sexual differentiation. Among these differential miRNAs, we found 12 miRNAs related to gonadal development and verified their expression by qPCR. The TR-qPCR results confirmed the differential expression of 6 of the 12 miRNAs: miR-26a-5p, miR-212-5p, miR-202-5p, miR-301a, miR-181b-3p and miR-96-5p were involved in sexual reversal process, which was consistent with the results of omics. Using these six miRNAs and some of their target genes, we constructed a network diagram related to gonadal development. We suggest that these miRNAs may play an important role in the process of effective sex reversal, which would contribute to the breeding of all male strains of Chinese soft-shelled turtles.

Project description:Background:As the primary source of protein for aquaculture, fishmeal has reached the extremity of sustainable development, our previous studies have proven that rice protein concentrate and squid paste are outstanding protein source and stimulant for Pelodiscus sinensis. However, little attention has been given to the molecular mechanism of the appetite modulated by the dietary nutrient factor, especially for a reptile. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate feed intake and brain-gut dynamic responses to dietary rice protein concentrate and squid paste in Chinese soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis. Methods:Three isonitrogenous and isoenergetic practical diets were formulated including 60% fishmeal (CT), 42% fishmeal + 18% rice protein concentrate (RP) and 42% fishmeal + 18% rice protein concentrate + 1% squid paste (RPS), respectively. Microcapsule lysine was supplemented in RP and RPS diets to balance the amino acid profile. Turtles (initial weight 30.65 ± 0.97 g) were fed three times daily to apparent satiation. After the 8-week feeding trial, the turtles were exposed to 48h food deprivation, then the dynamic expression of the orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides were measured. Results:The results showed that no significant effect was observed on feed intake when fishmeal was replaced by rice protein concentrate (P = 0.421), while significantly improved feed intake was found by squid paste supplemented (P = 0.02). The mRNA expression of anorexigenic peptides, such as leptin receptor, insulin receptor, pro-opiomelanocortin, cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript, cholecystokinin (and its receptor) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor in the brain increased significantly at 3 h past feeding (P < 0.05), and then decreased. Nevertheless, neuropeptide Y and peptide YY mRNA expression showed the valley at 3h and peak at 12h past feeding. Intestinal cholecystokinin receptor and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor mRNA expression showed no difference during the postprandial time (P > 0.05). The results suggested that squid paste is an outstanding stimulant for Pelodiscus sinensis. Furthermore, the orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides evaluated here might play an essential role in short-term fasting to this species, of which the dynamic expression levels were regulated by squid paste.

Dataset Information

Comparative transcriptional profiling analysis of the effect of heat waves during embryo incubation on the hatchlings of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis).

Publications

Comparative transcriptional profiling analysis of the effect of heat waves during embryo incubation on the hatchlings of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (<i>Pelodiscus sinensis</i>).

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