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Four new Gammarus species from Tibetan Plateau with a key to Tibetan freshwater gammarids (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridae).

ABSTRACT: Four new species of the genus Gammarus are described and illustrated from Tibetan Plateau. Gammarus altussp. n. and G. limosussp. n. are characterized by pereopods III-IV with a few short setae and uropod III with marginal spines accompanied by short setae. Gammarus kangdingensissp. n. and G. gonggaensissp. n. are characterized by pereopods III-IV with long straight setae on posterior margins and inner ramus of uropod III 0.4 times as long as outer ramus. Detailed morphological comparisons with related species are discussed. A key to 15 Gammarus species from the Tibetan Plateau and a map of their distributions are provided.

SUBMITTER: Hou Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5904427 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Four new Gammarus species from Tibetan Plateau with a key to Tibetan freshwater gammarids (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridae).

Hou Zhonge Z Li Shuqiang S

ZooKeys 20180328 747

Four new species of the genus Gammarus are described and illustrated from Tibetan Plateau. Gammarus altussp. n. and G. limosussp. n. are characterized by pereopods III-IV with a few short setae and uropod III with marginal spines accompanied by short setae. Gammarus kangdingensissp. n. and G. gonggaensissp. n. are characterized by pereopods III-IV with long straight setae on posterior margins and inner ramus of uropod III 0.4 times a ...[more]

PMID: 29674901

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Project description:The microsporidian genus Nosema is primarily known to infect insects of economic importance stimulating high research interest, while other hosts remain understudied. Nosema granulosis is one of the formally described Nosema species infecting amphipod crustaceans, being known to infect only two host species. Our first aim was to characterize Nosema spp. infections in different amphipod species from various European localities using the small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU) marker. Second, we aimed to assess the phylogenetic diversity, host specificity and to explore the evolutionary history that may explain the diversity of gammarid-infecting Nosema lineages by performing a phylogenetic reconstruction based on RNA polymerase II subunit B1 (RPB1) gene sequences. For the host species Gammarus balcanicus, we also analyzed whether parasites were in excess in females to test for sex ratio distortion in relation with Nosema infection. We identified Nosema spp. in 316 individuals from nine amphipod species being widespread in Europe. The RPB1-based phylogenetic reconstruction using newly reported sequences and available data from other invertebrates identified 39 haplogroups being associated with amphipods. These haplogroups clustered into five clades (A-E) that did not form a single amphipod-infecting monophyletic group. Closely related sister clades C and D correspond to Nosema granulosis. Clades A, B and E might represent unknown Nosema species infecting amphipods. Host specificity seemed to be variable with some clades being restricted to single hosts, and some that could be found in several host species. We show that Nosema parasite richness in gammarid hosts is much higher than expected, illustrating the advantage of the use of RPB1 marker over SSU. Finally, we found no hint of sex ratio distortion in Nosema clade A infecting G. balcanicus. This study shows that Nosema spp. are abundant, widespread and diverse in European gammarids. Thus, Nosema is as diverse in aquatic as in terrestrial hosts.

Dataset Information

Four new Gammarus species from Tibetan Plateau with a key to Tibetan freshwater gammarids (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridae).

Publications

Four new <i>Gammarus</i> species from Tibetan Plateau with a key to Tibetan freshwater gammarids (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridae).

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