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Volume of Light Versus Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity: Similar Benefits for All-Cause Mortality?

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:It is unclear whether the greater benefits of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA) over light PA are attributed to the higher-intensity PA or simply the greater volume of PA accumulated per unit time for moderate-to-vigorous PA. We examined this question using estimates of the volume of light and moderate-to-vigorous PA in relation to all-cause mortality. METHODS AND RESULTS:We used National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2006 accelerometer records in adults (?40 years; n=4840) and mortality data collected through 2011 (n=700 deaths). We estimated intensity-specific PA volume using activity counts (AC) accumulated in light (100-759 AC/min), moderate-to-vigorous PA (?760 AC/min), and total PA (?100 AC/min). We examined quartiles of each exposure using Cox proportional hazard models (hazard ratios [95% confidence interval) adjusted for demographic and behavioral risk factors, health status, and body mass index. Mortality risk was less across increasing quartiles of light PA volume (AC×1000) when compared with the least quartile (AC ?61.8); the least risk occurred in the upper quartile of light PA, AC >98.5 (hazard ratios=0.69, 95% confidence interval: 0.47, 1.00, P trend ?0.05). The benefits for mortality risk were greater across quartiles of moderate-to-vigorous PA and reached a hazard ratio of 0.28 (95% confidence interval: 0.17, 0.46, P trend ?0.05) for AC >187.9, when compared with the referent group (AC ?50.8). Results examining various combinations of light and moderate-to-vigorous intensity-specific volumes demonstrated the strong influence of total activity on mortality risk. CONCLUSIONS:In this population, increasing light PA was associated with less mortality, but at an approximately equal volume of PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA appeared to have greater benefits.

SUBMITTER: Saint-Maurice PF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5907606 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Volume of Light Versus Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity: Similar Benefits for All-Cause Mortality?

Saint-Maurice Pedro F PF Troiano Richard P RP Berrigan David D Kraus William E WE Matthews Charles E CE

Journal of the American Heart Association 20180402 7

<h4>Background</h4>It is unclear whether the greater benefits of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA) over light PA are attributed to the higher-intensity PA or simply the greater volume of PA accumulated per unit time for moderate-to-vigorous PA. We examined this question using estimates of the <i>volume</i> of light and moderate-to-vigorous PA in relation to all-cause mortality.<h4>Methods and results</h4>We used National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2006 accelerometer r ...[more]

PMID: 29610219

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Project description:Recent attention has highlighted the importance of reducing sedentary time for maintaining health and quality of life. However, it is unclear how changing sedentary behavior may influence executive functions and self-regulatory strategy use, which are vital for the long-term maintenance of a health behavior regimen. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to examine the estimated self-regulatory and executive functioning effects of substituting 30 min of sedentary behavior with 30 min of light activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), or sleep in a sample of older adults. This study reports baseline data collected from low-active healthy older adults (N = 247, mean age 65.4 ± 4.6 years) recruited to participate in a 6 month randomized controlled exercise trial examining the effects of various modes of exercise on brain health and function. Each participant completed assessments of physical activity self-regulatory strategy use (i.e., self-monitoring, goal-setting, social support, reinforcement, time management, and relapse prevention) and executive functioning. Physical activity and sedentary behaviors were measured using accelerometers during waking hours for seven consecutive days at each time point. Isotemporal substitution analyses were conducted to examine the effect on self-regulation and executive functioning should an individual substitute sedentary time with light activity, MVPA, or sleep. The substitution of sedentary time with both sleep and MVPA influenced both self-regulatory strategy use and executive functioning. Sleep was associated with greater self-monitoring (B = .23, p = .02), goal-setting (B = .32, p < .01), and social support (B = .18, p = .01) behaviors. Substitution of sedentary time with MVPA was associated with higher accuracy on 2-item (B = .03, p = .01) and 3-item (B = .02, p = .04) spatial working memory tasks, and with faster reaction times on single (B = -23.12, p = .03) and mixed-repeated task-switching blocks (B = -27.06, p = .04). Substitution of sedentary time with sleep was associated with marginally faster reaction time on mixed-repeated task-switching blocks (B = -12.20, p = .07) and faster reaction time on mixed-switch blocks (B = 17.21, p = .05), as well as reduced global reaction time switch cost (B = -16.86, p = .01). Substitution for light intensity physical activity did not produce significant effects. By replacing sedentary time with sleep and MVPA, individuals may bolster several important domains of self-regulatory behavior and executive functioning. This has important implications for the design of long-lasting health behavior interventions. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT00438347.

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Volume of Light Versus Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity: Similar Benefits for All-Cause Mortality?

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Volume of Light Versus Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity: Similar Benefits for All-Cause Mortality?

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