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Exploring Associations Between Postural Balance and Levels of Urinary Organophosphorus Pesticide Metabolites.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:Apply a data-driven approach to explore associations between postural balance and pesticide exposure among Latino farmworkers and non-farmworkers. METHODS:Lasso-regularized, generalized linear models were used to examine associations between postural control measures in four experimental conditions (2 visual?×?2 cognitive difficulty) and dialkylphosphate (DAP) urinary metabolite levels. RESULTS:Obtained models generally performed poorly at explaining postural control measures. However, when both visual and cognitive conditions were altered-the most challenging balance condition-models for some postural balance measures contained several DAP metabolites and had relatively better fits. CONCLUSIONS:The current results were equivocal regarding associations between postural control measures and DAP metabolite concentrations. However, farmworker status appears to be an important variable in understanding this association. Future work should use a posturally- and cognitively-challenging test condition to reveal any potential associations.

SUBMITTER: Kim S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5908472 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Exploring Associations Between Postural Balance and Levels of Urinary Organophosphorus Pesticide Metabolites.

Kim Sunwook S Nussbaum Maury A MA Laurienti Paul J PJ Chen Haiying H Quandt Sara A SA Barr Dana Boyd DB Arcury Thomas A TA

Journal of occupational and environmental medicine 20180201 2

<h4>Objective</h4>Apply a data-driven approach to explore associations between postural balance and pesticide exposure among Latino farmworkers and non-farmworkers.<h4>Methods</h4>Lasso-regularized, generalized linear models were used to examine associations between postural control measures in four experimental conditions (2 visual × 2 cognitive difficulty) and dialkylphosphate (DAP) urinary metabolite levels.<h4>Results</h4>Obtained models generally performed poorly at explaining postural cont ...[more]

PMID: 29023345

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Maintaining thyroid homeostasis during pregnancy is essential for normal fetal growth and development. Growing evidence suggests that phthalates interfere with normal thyroid function. Few human studies have investigated the degree to which phthalates may affect thyroid hormone levels in particularly susceptible populations such as pregnant women. OBJECTIVES:We examined the associations between repeated measures of urinary phthalate metabolites and plasma thyroid hormone levels in samples collected at up to four time points per subject in pregnancy. Additionally, we investigated the potential windows of susceptibility to thyroid hormone disturbances related to study visit of sample collection. METHODS:Data were obtained from pregnant women (n = 439) participating in a nested case-control study of preterm birth with 116 cases and 323 controls. We measured 9 phthalate metabolite concentrations in urine samples collected at up to four study visits per subject during pregnancy (median = 10, 18, 26, and 35 weeks of gestation, respectively). We also measured a panel of thyroid function markers in plasma collected at the same four time points per subject during pregnancy. RESULTS:Although our results were generally null, in repeated measures analyses we observed that phthalate metabolites were largely inversely associated with thyrotropin and positively associated with free and total thyroid hormones. Cross-sectional analyses by study visit revealed that the magnitude and/or direction of these relationships varied by timing of exposure during gestation. CONCLUSIONS:These results support previous reports showing the potential for environmental phthalate exposure to alter circulating levels of thyroid hormones in pregnant women. Citation: Johns LE, Ferguson KK, McElrath TF, Mukherjee B, Meeker JD. 2016. Associations between repeated measures of maternal urinary phthalate metabolites and thyroid hormone parameters during pregnancy. Environ Health Perspect 124:1808-1815;?http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP170.

Project description:Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are widely used in California for agricultural pest and weed control despite their well-documented adverse health effects among infants, children, and adults. We sought to identify factors affecting urinary OP metabolites among families living in high-exposure communities. Our study included 80 children and adults who lived within 61 m (200 ft) of agricultural fields in the Central Valley of California in January and June 2019, which are pesticide non-spraying and spraying seasons, respectively. We collected one urine sample per participant during each visit to measure dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites; these were coupled with in-person surveys to identify health, household, sociodemographic, pesticide exposure, and occupational risk factors. We used a data-driven, best subsets regression approach to identify key factors that influenced urinary DAPs. Participants were mostly Hispanic/Latino(a) (97.5 %), over half were female (57.5 %), and most households reported having a member who worked in agriculture (70.6 %). Among the 149 urine samples suitable for analysis, DAP metabolites were detected in 48.0 % and 40.5 % of samples during January and June, respectively. Total diethyl alkylphosphates (EDE) were only detected in 4.7 % (n = 7) of samples, but total dimethyl alkylphosphates (EDM) were detected in 41.6 % (n = 62) of samples. No differences were observed in urinary DAP levels by visit month or by occupational exposure to pesticides. Best subsets regression identified several individual- and household-level variables that influenced both urinary EDM and total DAPs: the number of years spent living at the current address, household use of chemical products to control mice/rodents, and seasonal employment status. Among adults only, we identified educational attainment (for total DAPs) and age category (for EDM) as significant factors. Our study found consistent urinary DAP metabolites among participants, regardless of spraying season, and identified potential mitigating factors that members of vulnerable populations can implement to protect their health against OP exposure.

Dataset Information

Exploring Associations Between Postural Balance and Levels of Urinary Organophosphorus Pesticide Metabolites.

Publications

Exploring Associations Between Postural Balance and Levels of Urinary Organophosphorus Pesticide Metabolites.

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