Dataset Information

Combined Prenatal Pesticide Exposure and Folic Acid Intake in Relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Maternal folic acid (FA) protects against developmental toxicity from certain environmental chemicals.

Objective

We examined combined exposures to maternal FA and pesticides in relation to autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods

Participants were California children born from 2000-2007 who were enrolled in the Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and the Environment (CHARGE) case-control study at age 2-5 y, were clinically confirmed to have ASD (n=296) or typical development (n=220), and had information on maternal supplemental FA and pesticide exposures. Maternal supplemental FA and household pesticide product use were retrospectively collected in telephone interviews from 2003-2011. High vs. low daily FA intake was dichotomized at 800?g (median). Mothers' addresses were linked to a statewide database of commercial applications to estimate agricultural pesticide exposure.

Results

High FA intake (?800?g) during the first pregnancy month and no known pesticide exposure was the reference group for all analyses. Compared with this group, ASD was increased in association with <800?g?FA and any indoor pesticide exposure {adjusted odds ratio [OR]=2.5 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3, 4.7]} compared with low FA [OR=1.2 (95% CI: 0.7, 2.2)] or indoor pesticides [OR=1.7 (95% CI: 1.1, 2.8)] alone. ORs for the combination of low FA and regular pregnancy exposure (?6?mo) to pet pesticides or to outdoor sprays and foggers were 3.9 (95% CI: 1.4, 11.5) and 4.1 (95% CI: 1.7, 10.1), respectively. ORs for low maternal FA and agricultural pesticide exposure 3 mo before or after conception were 2.2 (95% CI: 0.7, 6.5) for chlorpyrifos, 2.3 (95% CI: 0.98, 5.3) for organophosphates, 2.1 (95% CI: 0.9, 4.8) for pyrethroids, and 1.5 (95% CI: 0.5, 4.8) for carbamates. Except for carbamates, these ORs were approximately two times greater than those for either exposure alone or for the expected ORs for combined exposures under multiplicative or additive models.

Conclusions

In this study population, associations between pesticide exposures and ASD were attenuated among those with high versus low FA intake during the first month of pregnancy. Confirmatory and mechanistic studies are needed. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP604.

SUBMITTER: Schmidt RJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5915192 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Combined Prenatal Pesticide Exposure and Folic Acid Intake in Relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Schmidt Rebecca J RJ Kogan Vladimir V Shelton Janie F JF Delwiche Lora L Hansen Robin L RL Ozonoff Sally S Ma Claudia C CC McCanlies Erin C EC Bennett Deborah H DH Hertz-Picciotto Irva I Tancredi Daniel J DJ Volk Heather E HE

Environmental health perspectives 20170908 9

<h4>Background</h4>Maternal folic acid (FA) protects against developmental toxicity from certain environmental chemicals.<h4>Objective</h4>We examined combined exposures to maternal FA and pesticides in relation to autism spectrum disorder (ASD).<h4>Methods</h4>Participants were California children born from 2000-2007 who were enrolled in the Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and the Environment (CHARGE) case-control study at age 2-5 y, were clinically confirmed to have ASD (n=296) or typical ...[more]

PMID: 28934093

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Project description:Independent studies report that periconceptional folic acid (FA) may decrease the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) while exposure to air pollution may increase ASD risk. We examined the joint effects of gestational FA and air pollution exposures in association with ASD. We studied 346 ASD cases and 260 typically developing controls from the CHARGE case-control study. Self-reported FA intake for each month of pregnancy was quantified. Estimates of exposure to near roadway air pollution (NRP) and criteria air pollutant measures were assigned based on maternal residential history. Among mothers with high FA intake (>800 ?g) in the first pregnancy month, exposure to increasing levels of all air pollutants, except ozone, during the first trimester was associated with decreased ASD risk, while increased ASD risk was observed for the same pollutant among mothers with low FA intake (?800 ?g). This difference was statistically significant for NO2 (e.g., NO2 and low FA intake: OR?=?1.53 (0.91, 2.56) vs NO2 and high FA intake: OR?=?0.74 (0.46, 1.19), P-interaction?=?0.04). Mothers exposed to higher levels (? median) of any air pollutant during the first trimester of pregnancy and who reported low FA intake were at a higher ASD risk compared to mothers exposed to lower levels of that air pollutant and who reported high first month FA intake. Joint effects showed significant (alpha?<?0.10) departures from expected interaction for NRP and NO2 . Our results suggest that periconceptional FA intake may reduce ASD risk in those with high prenatal air pollution exposure. Further study is needed to replicate these findings in larger sample sizes and to understand mechanisms of this potential relationship.. Autism Res 2018, 11: 69-80. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY:We examined interactions between periconceptional folic acid (FA) and air pollution exposure on risk of ASD. Mothers exposed to higher levels of air pollution during the first trimester of pregnancy and who reported low supplemental FA intake during the first pregnancy month were at a higher ASD risk compared to mothers exposed to lower levels of air pollution and who reported high first month FA intake. Our results suggest that periconceptional FA intake may reduce ASD risk in those with high prenatal air pollution exposure.

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Dataset Information

Combined Prenatal Pesticide Exposure and Folic Acid Intake in Relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Combined Prenatal Pesticide Exposure and Folic Acid Intake in Relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Similar Datasets

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