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Acquisition, remission, and persistence of eczema, asthma, and rhinitis in children.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Allergic sensitization is associated with eczema, asthma, and rhinitis. However, it is unknown whether and how allergic sensitization is associated over time with acquisition, remission, and persistence of these diseases and their comorbidity. OBJECTIVE:To gain a better understanding of factors including allergic sensitization transitions that influence the temporal pattern of asthma, eczema, and rhinitis and their comorbidity during childhood. METHODS:In the Isle of Wight birth cohort, information on allergic sensitization to common allergens was collected at ages 4, 10, and 18 years along with asthma, rhinitis, and eczema status determined by clinical diagnosis. Logistic regressions were used to estimate subsequent and concurrent odds ratios of diseases transition with allergic sensitization transition status as the main independent variable. Two transition periods were considered, 4 to 10 years of age and 10 to 18 years of age. RESULTS:The odds of new diagnosis of allergic disease (no-yes) was increased among subjects with acquired or persistent allergic sensitization to common allergens compared to subjects with no sensitization (acquisition of sensitization odds ratio [OR]=3.22, P < .0001; persistence of sensitization, OR=6.33, P < .0001). The odds of remission of allergic diseases (yes-no) was lower among subjects with acquired or sustained allergic sensitization (acquisition, OR=0.18, P = .0001; persistence, OR=0.085, P < .0001), compared to subjects not sensitized. Subjects with acquired or persistent allergic sensitization were also had higher odds for persistence of disease (yes-yes) than subjects not sensitized (acquisition, OR=5.49, P = .0001; persistence, OR=11.79, P < .0001). CONCLUSION:Transition of allergic sensitizations to common allergens is a prognostic factor for subsequent or concurrent transition of eczema, asthma, and rhinitis. Prevention or reduction in allergic sensitization has a potential to lead to remission of these conditions.

SUBMITTER: Zhang H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5924466 | biostudies-literature | 2018 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Acquisition, remission, and persistence of eczema, asthma, and rhinitis in children.

Zhang H H Kaushal A A Soto-Ramírez N N Ziyab A H AH Ewart S S Holloway J W JW Karmaus W W Arshad H H

Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology 20180227 5

<h4>Background</h4>Allergic sensitization is associated with eczema, asthma, and rhinitis. However, it is unknown whether and how allergic sensitization is associated over time with acquisition, remission, and persistence of these diseases and their comorbidity.<h4>Objective</h4>To gain a better understanding of factors including allergic sensitization transitions that influence the temporal pattern of asthma, eczema, and rhinitis and their comorbidity during childhood.<h4>Methods</h4>In the Isl ...[more]

PMID: 29350800

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Project description:The occurrence of allergic multimorbidity (coexistence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema) has not been evaluated longitudinally from early childhood up to adulthood in a population-based study sample. We aimed to determine the prevalence of allergic multimorbidity up to age 20 stratified by parental allergies and sex/gender using extensive prospective follow-up data from two decades of a birth cohort study.In 1990, we recruited 1314 healthy newborns from 6 maternity wards across Germany for the population-based MAS birth cohort study. The sample was purposely risk-enriched by increasing the proportion of children at high allergy risk (i.e. at least 2 allergic family members among parents and siblings) from 19% in the source population to 38% in the final sample. The remaining 62% of all MAS children had a low or no allergy risk. Symptoms, medication and doctor's diagnoses of allergic diseases have been assessed using standardized questionnaires including validated ISAAC questions in 19 follow-up assessments up to age 20. Allergic multimorbidity at each time point was defined as the coexistence of at least 2 of the following diseases in one participant: asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema.Response at age 20 was 72% (n = 942) of all recruited participants. At age 20, 18.5% (95% CI, 15.0-22.5%) of all participants with allergic parents had 2 or 3 concurrent allergies as compared to only 6.3% (95% CI, 4.3-9.0%) of those with non-allergic parents. At this age, allergic multimorbidity was similar in women and men (12.7% (95% CI, 9.7-16.2%) vs. 11.6% (95% CI, 8.9-14.8%)), whereas single allergic diseases were slightly more common in women than men (24.2% (95% CI, 20.2-28.5%) vs. 20.1% (95% CI, 16.6-24.0%)). Asthma occurred more frequently with coexisting allergic rhinitis and/or eczema than as a single entity from pre-puberty to adulthood.Having parents with allergies is not only a strong predictor to develop any allergy, but it strongly increases the risk of developing allergic multimorbidity. In males and females alike, coexisting allergies were increasingly common throughout adolescence up to adulthood. Particularly asthma occurred in both sexes more frequently with coexisting allergies than as a single entity.

Project description:Background: Findings on the associations between household pet-keeping and allergic diseases, including asthma, rhinitis, and eczema, have been contradictory, with investigations reporting positive, negative, and null associations. This study sought to estimate the prevalence of pet-keeping among families in Kuwait and to assess the associations between pet-keeping and symptoms of allergic diseases among adolescents. Methods: Schoolchildren aged 11-14 years (n = 3,864) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The children's parents completed questionnaires regarding their child's environmental exposures, including pet-keeping in the past 12 months, and clinical history and symptoms of allergic diseases. Associations were assessed using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation, and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Results: Pet-keeping in the past 12 months was reported by 42.8% of the participating families. Birds, cats, rabbits, fish, and dogs were kept by 28.3, 13.2, 7.8, 3.9, and 3.1% of all households, respectively. Current cat ownership was significantly associated with current wheezing (aPR 1.29, 95% CI 1.05-1.58), current rhinitis symptoms (aPR 1.18, 95% CI 1.02-1.36), and ever doctor-diagnosed eczema (aPR 1.25, 95% CI 1.03-1.50). Current rabbit-keeping was positively associated with multiple symptoms of asthma (e.g., study-defined current asthma: aPR 1.38, 95% CI 1.04-1.82) and eczema (e.g., severe eczema: aPR 1.94, 95% CI 1.02-3.71). Similarly, current bird-keeping was associated with study-defined current rhinitis (aPR 1.19, 95% CI 1.05-1.41) and current itchy rash (aPR 1.27, 95% CI 1.10-1.46). Conclusions: Household pet-keeping is very common and diverse in Kuwait and was found to be positively associated with symptoms of allergic diseases among adolescents. The findings of associations between rabbit-keeping and symptoms of asthma and eczema add to the existing literature and further highlight the importance of considering the pet type when assessing such associations.

Dataset Information

Acquisition, remission, and persistence of eczema, asthma, and rhinitis in children.

Publications

Acquisition, remission, and persistence of eczema, asthma, and rhinitis in children.

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