Dataset Information

Analysis of ?-Galactosidase During Fruit Development and Ripening in Two Different Texture Types of Apple Cultivars.

ABSTRACT: ?-galactosidase (?-Gal), one of the cell wall modifying enzymes, plays an important role in fruit ripening and softening. However, its role in apple fruit texture remains unclear. In this study, the role of ?-Gal was analyzed in two apple cultivars, 'Fuji' and 'Qinguan,' which are characterized by different fruit texture types, during fruit development and ripening. The firmness and pectin content of the fruits rapidly decreased and were much lower in 'Fuji' than in 'Qinguan' from 105 days after full bloom (DAFB). Transmission electron microscopy showed that the pectin-rich middle lamella was substantially degraded from 105 to 180 DAFB in the two apple cultivars. However, the degradation was more severe in 'Fuji' than in 'Qinguan.' Subcellular localization analysis showed that the Md?-Gal1, Md?-Gal2, and Md?-Gal5 proteins were located in the cell wall. ?-Gal activity continuously increased during all fruit developmental stages and was much higher in the mature fruits of 'Fuji' than in those of 'Qinguan,' indicating that pectin was degraded by ?-Gal. Consistent with the enzyme activities, expression levels of ?-Gal genes (Md?-Gal1, Md?-Gal2, and Md?-Gal5) showed only slight changes from 60 to 105 DAFB but then dramatically increased until fruit ripening, with higher values in 'Fuji' than in 'Qinguan.' Furthermore, we found that activities of deletion derivatives in the Md?-Gal2 promoter and transcript level of Md?-Gal2 were induced by the treatment with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and ethylene (ETH) hormones. Two ETH and one MeJA hormone-responsive elements were identified by analyzing the promoter sequence. These results suggest that ?-Gals, induced by ETH and MeJA, are involved in different fruit texture types of apple cultivars by influencing the degradation of pectin during the mature fruit stage.

SUBMITTER: Yang H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5928752 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Analysis of β-Galactosidase During Fruit Development and Ripening in Two Different Texture Types of Apple Cultivars.

Yang Huijuan H Liu Junling J Dang Meile M Zhang Bo B Li Hongguang H Meng Rui R Qu Dong D Yang Yazhou Y Zhao Zhengyang Z

Frontiers in plant science 20180424

β-galactosidase (β-Gal), one of the cell wall modifying enzymes, plays an important role in fruit ripening and softening. However, its role in apple fruit texture remains unclear. In this study, the role of β-Gal was analyzed in two apple cultivars, 'Fuji' and 'Qinguan,' which are characterized by different fruit texture types, during fruit development and ripening. The firmness and pectin content of the fruits rapidly decreased and were much lower in 'Fuji' than in 'Qinguan' from 105 days after ...[more]

PMID: 29740469

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Project description:Molecular events regulating apple fruit ripening and sensory quality are largely unknown. Such knowledge is essential for genomic-assisted apple breeding and postharvest quality management. In this study, a parallel transcriptome profile analysis, scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examination and systematic physiological characterization were performed on two apple cultivars, Honeycrisp (HC) and Cripps Pink (CP), which have distinct ripening features and texture attributes. Systematic physiological characterization of fruit ripening based on weekly maturity data indicated substantial differences in fruit crispness and firmness at comparable ripening stages. SEM images of fruit cortex tissues prepared from fruits with equivalent maturity suggested that the cell wall thickness may contribute to the observed phenotypes of fruit firmness and crispness. A high-density long-oligo apple microarray consisting of duplex 190,135 cross-hybridization-free 50-70-mer isothermal probes, and representing 23,997 UniGene clusters, was manufactured on a Nimblegen array platform. Transcriptome profiling identified a total of 1793 and 1209 UniGene clusters differentially expressed during ripening from cortex tissues of HC and CP, respectively. UniGenes implicated in hormone metabolism and response, cell wall biosynthesis and modification and those encoding transcription factors were among the prominent functional groups. Between the two cultivars, most of the identified UniGenes were similarly regulated during fruit ripening; however, a short list of gene families or specific family members exhibited distinct expression patterns between the two cultivars, which may represent candidate genes regulating cultivar-specific apple fruit ripening patterns and quality attributes. Using a single color labeling system, a total of 24 microarray slides were utilized, one for each cortex tissue sample, for transcriptome profiling analysis. 2 cultivars x 3 developmental stages x 4 biological replicates.

Dataset Information

Analysis of ?-Galactosidase During Fruit Development and Ripening in Two Different Texture Types of Apple Cultivars.

Publications

Analysis of β-Galactosidase During Fruit Development and Ripening in Two Different Texture Types of Apple Cultivars.

Similar Datasets

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