Dataset Information

Competence of Phortica variegata from the United States as an Intermediate Host of the Thelazia callipaeda Eyeworm.

ABSTRACT: Over the past 20 years, Thelazia callipaeda (the oriental eyeworm) has become endemic in Europe, infecting domestic and wild carnivores and humans. The vector of this nematode, the fruit fly Phortica variegata, has recently been discovered in the United States, and its vector competence is demonstrated for T. callipaeda in this article, therefore representing a potential new threat for infection of carnivores and humans in the United States.

SUBMITTER: Otranto D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5928840 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Competence of Phortica variegata from the United States as an Intermediate Host of the Thelazia callipaeda Eyeworm.

Otranto Domenico D Iatta Roberta R Lia Riccardo Paolo RP Cavalera Maria Alfonsa MA Màca Jan J Pombi Marco M Dantas-Torres Filipe F Jaenike John J

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 20180208 4

Over the past 20 years, Thelazia callipaeda (the oriental eyeworm) has become endemic in Europe, infecting domestic and wild carnivores and humans. The vector of this nematode, the fruit fly Phortica variegata, has recently been discovered in the United States, and its vector competence is demonstrated for T. callipaeda in this article, therefore representing a potential new threat for infection of carnivores and humans in the United States. ...[more]

PMID: 29436342

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Project description:BACKGROUND:The fruit fly Phortica variegata (Drosophilidae: Steganinae) feeds on the ocular secretions of animals and humans, and has been described as an intermediate host of the eye worm Thelazia callipaeda (Spirurida: Thelaziidae) in Italy. Despite the increased detection of T. callipaeda in many European countries, information about its vector role in natural conditions is still limited. In the Iberian Peninsula, thelaziosis caused by T. callipaeda has been reported in dogs, cats, red foxes, wild rabbits and humans. METHODS:In the last seven years, we have detected increased numbers of cases of canine thelaziosis at three locations in mainland Spain: Site 1, La Vera region (Cáceres Province, central-western Spain; 51 cases); Site 2, El Escorial municipality (Madrid Community, central Spain; 23 cases); and Site 3, Miraflores de la Sierra municipality (Madrid Community, central Spain; 41 cases). Site 1 is considered endemic for T. callipaeda while the other two sites have been recently recognised as risk zones for T. callipaeda infection. RESULTS:From June 2016 to September 2017, 2162 flies were collected and morphologically identified as Phortica spp. (Site 1, n = 395; Site 2, n = 1544; and Site 3, n = 223). Upon dissection, third-stage T. callipaeda larvae were found in two out of 155 flies examined from Site 1, and both these larvae tested molecularly positive for the eye worm. Of the 395 flies collected from Site 1, 371 were molecularly processed for arthropod species identification and T. callipaeda detection. All 371 flies were identified as P. variegata and 28 (7.5%; 95% CI: 4.8-10%) tested positive for T. callipaeda DNA haplotype 1. CONCLUSIONS:Our findings indicate that T. callipaeda circulates among dogs and P. variegata in Spain, where zoonotic cases have been also reported. The co-existence of canine thelaziosis and Phortica spp. in geographical areas previously considered free of the eye worm indicates a risk of infection for both animals and humans living in this region.

Dataset Information

Competence of Phortica variegata from the United States as an Intermediate Host of the Thelazia callipaeda Eyeworm.

Publications

Competence of <i>Phortica variegata</i> from the United States as an Intermediate Host of the <i>Thelazia callipaeda</i> Eyeworm.

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