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An Extract of Russian Tarragon Prevents Obesity-Related Ectopic Lipid Accumulation.

ABSTRACT: SCOPE:The primary disorder underlying metabolic syndrome is insulin resistance due to excess body weight and abdominal visceral fat accumulation. In this study, it is asked if dietary intake of an ethanolic extract from Russian tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L., termed PMI5011), shown to improve glucose utilization by enhancing insulin signaling in skeletal muscle, could prevent obesity-induced insulin resistance, skeletal muscle metabolic inflexibility, and ectopic lipid accumulation in the skeletal muscle and liver. METHODS AND RESULTS:Male wild-type mice are fed a high-fat diet alone or supplemented with PMI5011 (1% w/w) over 3 months. Dietary intake of PMI5011 improved fatty acid oxidation and metabolic flexibility in the skeletal muscle, reduced insulin levels, and enhanced insulin signaling in the skeletal muscle and liver independent of robust changes in expression of factors that control fatty acid oxidation. This corresponds with significantly reduced lipid accumulation in the skeletal muscle and liver, although body weight gain is comparable to a high-fat diet alone. CONCLUSION:Previous studies showed that PMI5011 enhances insulin sensitivity in the setting of established obesity-induced insulin resistance. The current study demonstrates that dietary intake of PMI5011 prevents high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction, and ectopic lipid accumulation in the skeletal muscle and liver without reducing body weight.

SUBMITTER: Yu Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5929974 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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An Extract of Russian Tarragon Prevents Obesity-Related Ectopic Lipid Accumulation.

Yu Yongmei Y Mendoza Tamra M TM Ribnicky David M DM Poulev Alexander A Noland Robert C RC Mynatt Randall L RL Raskin Ilya I Cefalu William T WT Floyd Z Elizabeth ZE

Molecular nutrition & food research 20180403 8

<h4>Scope</h4>The primary disorder underlying metabolic syndrome is insulin resistance due to excess body weight and abdominal visceral fat accumulation. In this study, it is asked if dietary intake of an ethanolic extract from Russian tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L., termed PMI5011), shown to improve glucose utilization by enhancing insulin signaling in skeletal muscle, could prevent obesity-induced insulin resistance, skeletal muscle metabolic inflexibility, and ectopic lipid accumulation i ...[more]

PMID: 29476602

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Project description:BackgroundElucidation of lipid metabolism and accumulation mechanisms is of paramount importance to understanding obesity and unveiling therapeutic targets. In vitro cell models have been extensively used for these purposes, yet, they do not entirely reflect the in vivo setup. Conventional lipomas, characterized by the presence of mature adipocytes and increased adipogenesis, could overcome the drawbacks of cell cultures. Also, they have the unique advantage of easily accessible matched controls in the form of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from the same individual. We aimed to determine whether lipomas are a good model to understand lipid accumulation.MethodsWe histologically compared lipomas and control SAT, followed by assessment of the lipidome using high-resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy and ESI-IT mass spectrometry. RNA-sequencing was used to obtain the transcriptome of lipomas and the matched SAT.ResultsWe found a significant increase of small-size (maximal axis?<?70?µm) and very big (maximal axis?>?150?µm) adipocytes within lipomas. This suggests both enhanced adipocyte proliferation and increased lipid accumulation. We further show that there is no significant change in the lipid composition compared to matched SAT. To better delineate the pathophysiology of lipid accumulation, we considered two groups with different genetic backgrounds: (1) lipomas with HMGA2 fusions and (2) without gene fusions. To reduce the search space for genes that are relevant for lipid pathophysiology, we focused on the overlapping differentially expressed (DE) genes between the two groups. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that DE genes are enriched in pathways related to lipid accumulation.ConclusionsWe show that the common shared lipid accumulation mechanism in lipoma is a reduction in lipolysis, with most gene dysregulations leading to a reduced cAMP in the adipocyte. Superficial lipomas could thus be used as a model for lipid accumulation through altered lipolysis as found in obese patients.

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An Extract of Russian Tarragon Prevents Obesity-Related Ectopic Lipid Accumulation.

Publications

An Extract of Russian Tarragon Prevents Obesity-Related Ectopic Lipid Accumulation.

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