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Dairy Consumption in Adolescence and Early Adulthood and Risk of Breast Cancer.

ABSTRACT: Background: Carcinogenic exposure in early life may be critical for subsequent breast cancer risk. Dairy consumption was examined during adolescence and early adulthood in relation to incident breast cancer in the Nurses' Health Study II cohort.Methods: For the analyses of early adulthood dairy consumption, we included 90,503 premenopausal women ages 27 to 44 years in 1991 who reported dairy consumption using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. From 1991 to 2013, 3,191 invasive breast cancer cases were identified. In 1998, 44,264 women recalled adolescent dairy consumption. This subgroup of women was followed up from 1998 to 2013; 1,318 invasive breast cancer cases were identified. Multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the Cox proportional hazard regression.Results: Adolescent and early adulthood total dairy consumption was not associated with overall breast cancer risk (each serving/day during adolescence, total dairy HR = 1.02, 95% CI, 0.97-1.07; for early adulthood total dairy HR = 1.01, 95% CI, 0.97-1.04), as were intakes of calcium, vitamin D, and lactose. Adolescent consumption of total and high-fat dairy was associated with higher risk of estrogen and progesterone receptor negative (each serving/day: total dairy HR = 1.11, 95% CI, 1.00-1.24; high-fat dairy HR = 1.17, 95% CI, 1.04-1.31). However, higher adolescent high-fat dairy consumption was associated with lower risk of estrogen and progesterone receptor positive tumors (each serving/day HR = 0.91, 95% CI, 0.86-0.97).Conclusions: Our results suggest no overall association between dairy consumption during adolescence or early adulthood and breast cancer risk, but the findings may differ by hormone receptor status of tumors.Impact: Dairy consumption in adolescence or early adulthood may not be a significant predictor of breast cancer incidence. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(5); 575-84. ©2018 AACR.

SUBMITTER: Farvid MS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5943046 | biostudies-literature | 2018 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dairy Consumption in Adolescence and Early Adulthood and Risk of Breast Cancer.

Farvid Maryam S MS Eliassen A Heather AH Cho Eunyoung E Chen Wendy Y WY Willett Walter C WC

Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 20180501 5

<b>Background:</b> Carcinogenic exposure in early life may be critical for subsequent breast cancer risk. Dairy consumption was examined during adolescence and early adulthood in relation to incident breast cancer in the Nurses' Health Study II cohort.<b>Methods:</b> For the analyses of early adulthood dairy consumption, we included 90,503 premenopausal women ages 27 to 44 years in 1991 who reported dairy consumption using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. From 1991 to 2013, 3,191 invasi ...[more]

PMID: 29716928

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Project description:ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between fruit and vegetable intake during adolescence and early adulthood and risk of breast cancer.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingHealth professionals in the United States.Participants90 476 premenopausal women aged 27-44 from the Nurses' Health Study II who completed a questionnaire on diet in 1991 as well as 44 223 of those women who completed a questionnaire about their diet during adolescence in 1998.Main outcome measureIncident cases of invasive breast cancer, identified through self report and confirmed by pathology report.ResultsThere were 3235 cases of invasive breast cancer during follow-up to 2013. Of these, 1347 cases were among women who completed a questionnaire about their diet during adolescence (ages 13-18). Total fruit consumption during adolescence was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer. The hazard ratio was 0.75 (95% confidence interval 0.62 to 0.90; P=0.01 for trend) for the highest (median intake 2.9 servings/day) versus the lowest (median intake 0.5 serving/day) fifth of intake. The association for fruit intake during adolescence was independent of adult fruit intake. There was no association between risk and total fruit intake in early adulthood and total vegetable intake in either adolescence or early adulthood. Higher early adulthood intake of fruits and vegetables rich in α carotene was associated with lower risk of premenopausal breast cancer. The hazard ratio was 0.82 (0.70 to 0.96) for the highest fifth (median intake 0.5 serving/day) versus the lowest fifth (median intake 0.03 serving/day) intake. The association with adolescent fruit intake was stronger for both estrogen and progesterone receptor negative cancers than estrogen and progesterone receptor positive cancers (P=0.02 for heterogeneity). For individual fruits and vegetables, greater consumption of apple, banana, and grapes during adolescence and oranges and kale during early adulthood was significantly associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer. Fruit juice intake in adolescence or early adulthood was not associated with risk.ConclusionThere is an association between higher fruit intake and lower risk of breast cancer. Food choices during adolescence might be particularly important.

Project description:BackgroundModifiable risk factors such as diet may be important in both the etiology and progression of endometriosis as well as the prevalence of pain symptoms and infertility associated with this condition. In adults, higher intake of dairy has been associated with a lower risk of endometriosis diagnosis. There is currently no literature on whether dairy intake during adolescence, a potentially critical window of exposure, influences endometriosis risk.ObjectiveThe objectige of the study was to evaluate the association between consumption of dairy foods in adolescence and the risk of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis.Study designThis was a prospective cohort study, the Nurses' Health Study II, which has prospectively collected data since 1989. In 1998, when participants were aged 34-51 years, they completed a 124 item food frequency questionnaire about their high school diet. Cases were defined as those who self-reported laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between dairy foods and laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis.ResultsAmong women who completed the questionnaire about their high school diet in 1998, 581 cases of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis were diagnosed among 32,868 premenopausal women from 1998 to 2013. Women who consumed more than 4 servings per day of dairy foods during adolescence had a 32% lower risk of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis during adulthood (95% confidence interval, 0.47-0.96; Ptrend = .04) compared with women consuming 1 or fewer servings per day. The association was similar for low-fat and high-fat dairy foods. Yogurt and ice cream consumption, specifically, were associated with a lower risk of endometriosis. Those who consumed 2 or more servings of yogurt per week as an adolescent had a 29% lower risk of endometriosis diagnosis (95% confidence interval, 0.52-0.97; Ptrend = .02) compared with those consuming less than 1 serving per week. In addition, women who consumed 1 or more servings per day of ice cream per day during adolescence had a 38% lower risk of endometriosis diagnosis (95% confidence interval, 0.40-0.94; Ptrend = .20) compared with those consuming less than 1 serving per week.ConclusionOur findings suggest that dairy consumption, specifically yogurt and ice cream intake, in adolescence may reduce the risk of subsequent endometriosis diagnosis. Future studies in adolescent populations are needed to confirm these results.

Project description:Breast cancer (BC) incidence and mortality are lower in Poland than in the United States (US). However, Polish-born migrant women to US approach the higher BC mortality rates of US women. We evaluated the association between consumption of cabbage/sauerkraut foods and BC risk in Polish-born migrants to US. We conducted a case-control study of BC among Polish-born migrants in Cook County and the Detroit Metropolitan Area. Cases (n = 131) were 20-79 years old with histological/cytological confirmation of invasive BC. Population-based controls (n = 284) were frequency matched to cases on age and residence. Food frequency questionnaires assessed diet during adulthood and age 12-13 years. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated with conditional logistic regression. Consumption of total, raw/short-cooked, and long-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut foods was categorized as low, medium, or high (frequency of servings/week). Higher consumption of total and raw/short-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut foods, during both adolescence and adulthood, was associated with a significantly lower BC risk. Consumption of long-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut foods was low and not significantly associated with risk. The multivariate OR for total cabbage/sauerkraut consumption, high vs. low (>4 vs. ≤2 servings/week) during adolescence was 0.36 (95% CI = 0.18-0.71, ptrend < 0.01) and 0.50 (95% CI = 0.23-1.06, ptrend = 0.08) during adulthood. For raw/short-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut (>3 vs. ≤1.5 servings/week), the ORs were 0.35 (95% CI = 0.16-0.72, ptrend < 0.01) during adolescence and 0.37 (95% CI = 0.17-0.78, ptrend < 0.01) during adulthood. For joint adolescent/adult consumption of raw/short-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut foods, (high, high) vs. (low, low), the OR was 0.23 (95% CI = 0.07-0.65). The significant association for high adolescent consumption of raw/short-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut foods and reduced BC risk was consistent across all levels of consumption in adulthood. Greater consumption of total and raw/short-cooked cabbage/sauerkraut foods either during adolescence or adulthood was associated with significantly reduced BC risk among Polish migrant women. These findings contribute to the growing literature suggesting a protective effect of a potentially modifiable factor, cruciferous vegetable intake, on breast cancer risk.

Dataset Information

Dairy Consumption in Adolescence and Early Adulthood and Risk of Breast Cancer.

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Dairy Consumption in Adolescence and Early Adulthood and Risk of Breast Cancer.

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