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Strong evidence that callous-unemotional traits are not related to risk-taking task performance.

ABSTRACT: A hypothesized association between callous-unemotional (CU) traits and risk-taking may account for the link between CU traits and real-world risky behaviors, such as illegal behavior. Prior findings show that reward and punishment responsivity differs in relation to CU traits, but is not associated with general risk-taking. However this has only been examined previously with one task, only with a frequentist framework, and with limited interpretation. Here, we expand to another task and to Bayesian analyses. A total of 657 participants (52% female) completed the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits, the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (essentially a gambling task), and the Stoplight driving task, which repeatedly presents participants with riskier or less risky choices to make while driving. We found strong evidence for the null model, in which there is no relation between the two risk-taking tasks and CU traits (R 2 = 0.001; BF 10 = 1/60.22). These results suggest that general risk-taking does not underlie the real-world risky behavior of people with CU traits. Alternative explanations include a different method of valuing certain outcomes.

SUBMITTER: Centifanti LCM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5954327 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Strong evidence that callous-unemotional traits are not related to risk-taking task performance.

Centifanti Luna C M LCM Negen James J

F1000Research 20180426

A hypothesized association between callous-unemotional (CU) traits and risk-taking may account for the link between CU traits and real-world risky behaviors, such as illegal behavior. Prior findings show that reward and punishment responsivity differs in relation to CU traits, but is not associated with general risk-taking. However this has only been examined previously with one task, only with a frequentist framework, and with limited interpretation. Here, we expand to another task and to Bayes ...[more]

PMID: 29862023

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Project description:Aggression and callous, uncaring, and unemotional (CU) traits are clinically related behavioral constructs caused by genetic and environmental factors. We performed polygenic risk score (PRS) analyses to investigate shared genetic etiology between aggression and these three CU-traits. Furthermore, we studied interactions of PRS with smoking during pregnancy and childhood life events in relation to CU-traits. Summary statistics for the base phenotype were derived from the EAGLE-consortium genome-wide association study of children's aggressive behavior and were used to calculate individual-level genome-wide and gene-set PRS in the NeuroIMAGE target-sample. Target phenotypes were 'callousness', 'uncaring', and 'unemotional' sumscores of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional traits. A total of 779 subjects and 1,192,414 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were available for PRS-analyses. Gene-sets comprised serotonergic, dopaminergic, glutamatergic, and neuroendocrine signaling pathways. Genome-wide PRS showed evidence of association with uncaring scores (explaining up to 1.59% of variance; self-contained Q = 0.0306, competitive-P = 0.0015). Dopaminergic, glutamatergic, and neuroendocrine PRS showed evidence of association with unemotional scores (explaining up to 1.33, 2.00, and 1.20% of variance respectively; self-contained Q-values 0.037, 0.0115, and 0.0473 respectively, competitive-P-values 0.0029, 0.0002, and 0.0045 respectively). Smoking during pregnancy related to callousness scores while childhood life events related to both callousness and unemotionality. Moreover, dopaminergic PRS appeared to interact with childhood life events in relation to unemotional scores. Our study provides evidence suggesting shared genetic etiology between aggressive behavior and uncaring, and unemotional CU-traits in children. Gene-set PRS confirmed involvement of shared glutamatergic, dopaminergic, and neuroendocrine genetic variation in aggression and CU-traits. Replication of current findings is needed.

Dataset Information

Strong evidence that callous-unemotional traits are not related to risk-taking task performance.

Publications

Strong evidence that callous-unemotional traits are not related to risk-taking task performance.

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