Dataset Information

Child Care and Cortisol Across Infancy and Toddlerhood: Poverty, Peers, and Developmental Timing.

ABSTRACT: Evidence suggests that relations between child care and children's development-behaviorally and physiologically-likely differ between children from high-versus low-risk contexts. Using data from the Family Life Project (N = 1,155), the authors tested (a) whether within- and between-child differences in children's child care experiences (i.e., quantity, type, caregiver responsivity, and peer exposure) were predictive of their cortisol levels across infancy and toddlerhood and (b) whether these relations differed for children experiencing different levels of environmental risk. They found some evidence of such interactive effects. For children from high-risk contexts, within-child increases in child care hours were predictive of cortisol decreases. The inverse was evident for children from low-risk contexts. This relation grew across toddlerhood. Whereas a history of greater center-based child care was predictive of heightened cortisol levels for low-risk families, this was not the case for children from high-risk families. Irrespective of risk, greater peer exposure (between children) was associated with lower cortisol levels.

SUBMITTER: Berry D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5962281 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Child Care and Cortisol Across Infancy and Toddlerhood: Poverty, Peers, and Developmental Timing.

Berry Daniel D Blair Clancy C Granger Douglas A DA

Family relations 20160201 1

Evidence suggests that relations between child care and children's development-behaviorally and physiologically-likely differ between children from high-versus low-risk contexts. Using data from the Family Life Project (N = 1,155), the authors tested (a) whether within- and between-child differences in children's child care experiences (i.e., quantity, type, caregiver responsivity, and peer exposure) were predictive of their cortisol levels across infancy and toddlerhood and (b) whether these re ...[more]

PMID: 29795709

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Project description:Background/objectivePer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have neurobehavioral toxicity in experimental studies. Evidence on associations between prenatal PFAS exposure and child's cognitive development is inconsistent partly due to differences in assessment time points and tools. We examined associations of prenatal maternal serum PFAS concentrations with child's cognitive development assessed at multiple time points in infancy and toddlerhood.MethodsWe included 140 mother-child pairs from MARBLES (Markers of Autism Risk in Babies - Learning Early Signs), a longitudinal cohort of children with a first degree relative who was diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder followed from birth. Study children's cognitive development was assessed at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months of age using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) which provides an overall Early Learning Composite (normative mean of 100 and SD of 15) and four subscales (i.e., fine motor, visual reception, receptive language, and expressive language abilities; normative mean of 50 and SD of 10). Nine PFAS were quantified in maternal serum collected during pregnancy. We examined associations of log 2-transformed prenatal maternal serum PFAS concentrations with the MSEL Composite and each of the subscale scores at each time point as well as longitudinal changes in the scores over the four time points. We also classified trajectories into low- and high-score groups and fit Poisson regression models to estimate associations expressed as relative risks (RR).ResultsAmong six PFAS detected in more than 60% of the samples, prenatal maternal serum perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) was inversely associated with child's Composite score at 24 months (β = -5.22, 95% CI: -8.27, -2.17) and 36 months of age (β = -5.18, 95% CI: -9.46, -0.91), while other five PFAS were not strongly associated with Composite score at any time points. When assessing longitudinal changes in the scores over the four time points, PFOA was associated with trajectories having a negative slope for Composite scores and all four subscales. When examining trajectories of the scores between low- and high-score groups, PFOA was associated with having lower and/or decreasing Composite scores (RR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.03).ConclusionsPrenatal PFOA appears to adversely affect child's cognitive development in toddlerhood in this study population. Because a large fraction of MARBLES children is at risk for atypical development, population-based studies are needed to confirm our findings.

Dataset Information

Child Care and Cortisol Across Infancy and Toddlerhood: Poverty, Peers, and Developmental Timing.

Publications

Child Care and Cortisol Across Infancy and Toddlerhood: Poverty, Peers, and Developmental Timing.

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