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Assessing the utility of frequency tagging for tracking memory-based reactivation of word representations.

ABSTRACT: Reinstatement of memory-related neural activity measured with high temporal precision potentially provides a useful index for real-time monitoring of the timing of activation of memory content during cognitive processing. The utility of such an index extends to any situation where one is interested in the (relative) timing of activation of different sources of information in memory, a paradigm case of which is tracking lexical activation during language processing. Essential for this approach is that memory reinstatement effects are robust, so that their absence (in the average) definitively indicates that no lexical activation is present. We used electroencephalography to test the robustness of a reported subsequent memory finding involving reinstatement of frequency-specific entrained oscillatory brain activity during subsequent recognition. Participants learned lists of words presented on a background flickering at either 6 or 15?Hz to entrain a steady-state brain response. Target words subsequently presented on a non-flickering background that were correctly identified as previously seen exhibited reinstatement effects at both entrainment frequencies. Reliability of these statistical inferences was however critically dependent on the approach used for multiple comparisons correction. We conclude that effects are not robust enough to be used as a reliable index of lexical activation during language processing.

SUBMITTER: Lewis AG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5962640 | biostudies-literature | 2018 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Assessing the utility of frequency tagging for tracking memory-based reactivation of word representations.

Lewis Ashley Glen AG Schriefers Herbert H Bastiaansen Marcel M Schoffelen Jan-Mathijs JM

Scientific reports 20180521 1

Reinstatement of memory-related neural activity measured with high temporal precision potentially provides a useful index for real-time monitoring of the timing of activation of memory content during cognitive processing. The utility of such an index extends to any situation where one is interested in the (relative) timing of activation of different sources of information in memory, a paradigm case of which is tracking lexical activation during language processing. Essential for this approach is ...[more]

PMID: 29785037

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Project description:BackgroundAbnormal storage and/or access are among the hypothesized causes of semantic memory deficit in schizophrenia. Neuropsychological and connectionist models have emphasized functional systems that serve the processing of word meaning and frequency: semantic storage disturbance is presumed to result from weak representations of word meaning; defective access is assumed to result from compromises to pathways that activate word frequency knowledge. Candidate biological systems include neuromodulatory pathways that normally function to enhance neural signals (e.g., cholinergic system). Electrophysiological responding may be informative regarding the storage-access distinction for schizophrenia.MethodsVisual event-related potentials were recorded for 14 schizophrenia outpatients receiving atypical antipsychotics, and 14 healthy controls group-matched to patients on age, gender, and demographics. N400 was elicited using an incidental semantic priming paradigm, in which semantic relatedness and word frequency were varied, and a letter probe task.ResultsCompared to controls, patients showed reduced N400 (microV) discrimination of semantic relatedness. Groups also showed different patterns of N400 to word frequency. Controls' N400 increased in negativity as words decreased in frequency of occurrence, while patients did not show a linear relationship between N400 and word frequency. Groups also differed for N400 to frequently occurring words. Patients exhibited increased negativity to high and very high frequency words, compared to controls. A subgroup of patients receiving antipsychotics with known affinity binding for muscarinic receptors (clozapine and olanzapine) showed significant albeit limited N400 priming, but their N400 to word frequency remained nonsignificant.ConclusionsResults suggest a deficit in semantic access for schizophrenia, as well as an influence of neuromodulators on the activation of connections among semantic representations. Cumulative findings indicating only limited N400 priming for patients receiving either typical or atypical antipsychotics support the hypothesis that semantic memory deficit represents a trait marker for schizophrenia.

Dataset Information

Assessing the utility of frequency tagging for tracking memory-based reactivation of word representations.

Publications

Assessing the utility of frequency tagging for tracking memory-based reactivation of word representations.

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