Dataset Information

Distribution of tetraether lipids in sulfide chimneys at the Deyin hydrothermal field, southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge: Implication to chimney growing stage.

ABSTRACT: This study presents analysis of four chimney samples in terms of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether lipids (GDGTs), representing different growing stages of sulfide chimneys at the Deyin hydrothermal field, the southern mid-Atlantic ridge. The modified Bligh-Dyer method was used for lipid extraction and purification. GDGTs were analyzed with an Agilent 1200 series liquid chromatograph and 6460A triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Our results showed that the intact polar GDGTs were more abundant than the core GDGTs in the 4 samples. The intact polar isoprenoidal GDGT-0 was the dominant composition (>70% of isoprenoidal GDGTs), indicating input of thermophilic Euryarchaeota. Most branched GDGTs were likely originated from the in situ thermophilic bacteria. However, the intact polar GDGTs in the sample at the late growing stage was similar to that in normal marine sediments, suggesting that the archaea mainly came from the planktonic Thaumarchaeota input. Our results suggested that the ratio of H-GDGTs to iGDGTs could be considered as a proxy to differentiated growing stages of a chimney. This study shed light on how to assess hydrothermal venting and sulfide chimneys in deep marine environments with a biomarker method in terms of different groups of GDGTs.

SUBMITTER: Li H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5966438 | biostudies-literature | 2018 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Distribution of tetraether lipids in sulfide chimneys at the Deyin hydrothermal field, southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge: Implication to chimney growing stage.

Li Huaiming H Lü Xiaoxia X Tao Chunhui C Han Tianwei T Hu Pengju P Zhang Guoyin G Yu Zenghui Z Dong Chunming C Shao Zongze Z

Scientific reports 20180523 1

This study presents analysis of four chimney samples in terms of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether lipids (GDGTs), representing different growing stages of sulfide chimneys at the Deyin hydrothermal field, the southern mid-Atlantic ridge. The modified Bligh-Dyer method was used for lipid extraction and purification. GDGTs were analyzed with an Agilent 1200 series liquid chromatograph and 6460A triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Our results showed that the intact polar GDGTs were more abunda ...[more]

PMID: 29795300

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Project description:UNLABELLED:Sulfur is an important element in sustaining microbial communities present in hydrothermal vents. Sulfur oxidation has been extensively studied due to its importance in chemosynthetic pathways in hydrothermal fields; however, less is known about sulfate reduction. Here, the metagenomes of hydrothermal chimneys located on the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) were pyrosequenced to elucidate the associated microbial sulfur cycle. A taxonomic summary of known genes revealed a few dominant bacteria that participated in the microbial sulfur cycle, particularly sulfate-reducing Deltaproteobacteria. The metagenomes studied contained highly abundant genes related to sulfur oxidation and reduction. Several carbon metabolic pathways, in particular the Calvin-Benson-Bassham pathway and the reductive tricarboxylic acid cycles for CO2 fixation, were identified in sulfur-oxidizing autotrophic bacteria. In contrast, highly abundant genes related to the oxidation of short-chain alkanes were grouped with sulfate-reducing bacteria, suggesting an important role for short-chain alkanes in the sulfur cycle. Furthermore, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria were associated with enrichment for genes involved in the denitrification pathway, while sulfate-reducing bacteria displayed enrichment for genes responsible for hydrogen utilization. In conclusion, this study provides insights regarding major microbial metabolic activities that are driven by the sulfur cycle in low-temperature hydrothermal chimneys present on an ultraslow midocean ridge. IMPORTANCE:There have been limited studies on chimney sulfides located at ultraslow-spreading ridges. The analysis of metagenomes of hydrothermal chimneys on the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge suggests the presence of a microbial sulfur cycle. The sulfur cycle should be centralized within a microbial community that displays enrichment for sulfur metabolism-related genes. The present study elucidated a significant role of the microbial sulfur cycle in sustaining an entire microbial community in low-temperature hydrothermal chimneys on an ultraslow spreading midocean ridge, which has characteristics distinct from those of other types of hydrothermal fields.

Project description:When its hydrothermal supply ceases, hydrothermal sulfide chimneys become inactive and commonly experience oxidative weathering on the seafloor. However, little is known about the oxidative weathering of inactive sulfide chimneys, nor about associated microbial community structures and their succession during this weathering process. In this work, an inactive sulfide chimney and a young chimney in the early sulfate stage of formation were collected from the Main Endeavor Field of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. To assess oxidative weathering, the ultrastructures of secondary alteration products accumulating on the chimney surface were examined and the presence of possible Fe-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) was investigated. The results of ultrastructure observation revealed that FeOB-associated ultrastructures with indicative morphologies were abundantly present. Iron oxidizers primarily consisted of members closely related to Gallionella spp. and Mariprofundus spp., indicating Fe-oxidizing species likely promote the oxidative weathering of inactive sulfide chimneys. Abiotic accumulation of Fe-rich substances further indicates that oxidative weathering is a complex, dynamic process, alternately controlled by FeOB and by abiotic oxidization. Although hydrothermal fluid flow had ceased, inactive chimneys still accommodate an abundant and diverse microbiome whose microbial composition and metabolic potential dramatically differ from their counterparts at active vents. Bacterial lineages within current inactive chimney are dominated by members of α-, δ-, and γ-Proteobacteria and they are deduced to be closely involved in a diverse set of geochemical processes including iron oxidation, nitrogen fixation, ammonia oxidation and denitrification. At last, by examining microbial communities within hydrothermal chimneys at different formation stages, a general microbial community succession can be deduced from early formation stages of a sulfate chimney to actively mature sulfide structures, and then to the final inactive altered sulfide chimney. Our findings provide valuable insights into the microbe-involved oxidative weathering process and into microbial succession occurring at inactive hydrothermal sulfide chimney after high-temperature hydrothermal fluids have ceased venting.

Dataset Information

Distribution of tetraether lipids in sulfide chimneys at the Deyin hydrothermal field, southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge: Implication to chimney growing stage.

Publications

Distribution of tetraether lipids in sulfide chimneys at the Deyin hydrothermal field, southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge: Implication to chimney growing stage.

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