Exploring Motivation and Barriers to Physical Activity among Active and Inactive Australian Adults.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Hoare E
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5968958 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BACKGROUND:In order to counteract fatigue, physical activity (PA) is recommended for all stages of cancer. However, only few advanced cancer patients (ACP) are physically active. Quantitative data with high numbers of ACP reporting barriers to PA are missing. This study aimed to identify barriers to PA in ACP with tiredness/weakness and investigate their motivation towards it. METHODS:Outpatients with metastatic cancer receiving cancer care at a German Cancer Center reporting moderate/severe tiredness/weakness during self-assessment (MIDOS II) were enrolled. We assessed Fatigue-(FACF-F) and Depression (PHQ8) Scores, demographics, cancer-specific parameters, motivation for PA, physical, psychological and social barriers. RESULTS:141 of 440 eligible patients (32.0%) with different diagnoses agreed to participate. Patients frequently reported "I feel weakened due to my tumor therapy" (n =?108; 76.6%), physical symptoms (tiredness, weakness, dyspnea, joint-problems, pain, nausea [n?= 107; 75.9%]) and fatigue (n =?99; 70.2%) as barriers to PA. However, no significant group differences regarding these barriers were found between physically active and inactive patients. Social barriers were rarely chosen. Motivated patients were 5.6 times more likely to be physically active (p?< 0.001), also motivation turned out to be the strongest predictor for a physically active behavior (??=?1.044; p =?0.005). Motivated attitude towards PA was predicted by fatigue (??=?-?2.301; p =?0.008), clinically relevant depression (??=?-?1.390, p?= 0.039), knowledge about PA and quality of life (QoL) (??=?0.929; p?= 0.002), PA before diagnosis (??=?0.688; p?= 0.005 and Interest in exercise program (??=?0.635; p?= 0.008). CONCLUSION:"I feel weakened due to my tumor therapy" is the most reported barrier to PA among both, physically and inactive patients. Motivation for PA is the strongest predictor of performing PA. Interest in PA, knowledge about PA/QoL and PA before diagnosis are main predictors of a motivated attitude. Absence/presence of social barriers did not associate with motivation, fatigue and depression proved to be a negative predictor. Programs including information, motivational counseling and individualized training should be offered for ACP to overcome barriers and reduce fatigue. TRIAL REGISTRATION:German Register of Clinical Trials DRKS00012514, registration date: 30.5.2017.
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Project description:The intervention will be a physical exercise program for colorectal cancer patients during the adjuvant chemotherapy. The exercise program aims on reducing the side effects of the treatment and improving patients’ quality of life. In addition, the investigators try to improve endurance and resistance training level, in order to achieve greater physical functionality, survival and general well-being. For this, the investigators will carry out an exercise program based mainly on muscular strength and cardiorespiratory condition. It will last 6 months, with a frequency of 3 days per week, including sessions of 60 minutes. Sessions will consist of three parts: warm-up, main part (endurance and resistance training), and cool down. An individualized and supervised progression of training will take place. The intensity levels will always be adjusted to the initial levels of the participants, always considering their preferences and comfort.
Participants’ preferences and exercise history will be considered through an initial interview. Motivational strategies based on self-determination theory will be applied, since it is one of the most used theories in the field of physical exercise. This theory proposes that all people need to feel competent, autonomous and socially related. If these three needs are satisfied, participants will develop more positive (autonomous) forms of motivation, which are related to better consequences such as vitality, enjoyment, quality of life and adherence to physical activity. In addition, motivational strategies will be applied for families and healthcare professionals.
Before starting the program and at the end of it, each eligible patient will be evaluated through:
* Physical activity: strength test of lower and upper limbs, agility test, stress test for cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity levels, physical condition and body composition.
* Psychological factors: autonomy support, basic psychological need satisfaction, motivation, quality of life, perceived barriers, depression, anxiety, hope, quality of life.
* Clinical parameters: survival rate, side effects, biological factors, treatment delays and planned treatment completion.
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Project description:Adults with severe mental ill health may have specific attitudes toward physical activity. To inform intervention development, we conducted a survey to assess the physical activity patterns, preferences, barriers, and motivations of adults with severe mental ill health living in the community. Data were summarised using descriptive statistics, and logistic regressions were used to explore relationships between physical activity status and participant characteristics. Five-hundred and twenty-nine participants (58% male, mean age 49.3 years) completed the survey. Large numbers were insufficiently active and excessively sedentary. Self-reported levels of physical activity below that recommended in national guidelines were associated with professional inactivity, consumption of fewer than five portions of fruit and vegetables per day, older age, and poor mental health. Participants indicated a preference for low-intensity activities and physical activity that they can do on their own, at their own time and pace, and close to home. The most commonly endorsed source of support was social support from family and friends. Common motivations included improving mental health, physical fitness, and energy levels. However, poor mental and physical health and being too tired were also common barriers. These findings can inform the development of physical activity interventions for this group of people.
| S-EPMC9916302 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Physical activity levels during the COVID-19 pandemic have been decreasing and this may be a risk factor for development of emotional eating and its associated factors. The aim of the study was to analyze the factors associated with emotional eating among individuals with different physical activity levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data relating to the pandemic on physical activity, emotional eating, sociodemographic data, perceptions about lifestyle habits, body satisfaction, and perceptions about eating habits and food consumption were collected. Factors associated with emotional eating in the group of active and inactive individuals were observed using multiple linear regression controlled for age, sex, BMI, and monthly income. Emotional eating for the active group was associated with perceived stress, body dissatisfaction, and increased consumption of sweets and desserts. In addition to these factors found among the active group, working or studying >8 h/day, sleep worsening, increased amount of food consumed, increased purchase of food through delivery, and increased vegetable consumption were also associated with emotional eating for the inactive group. These findings suggest a potential protective role of physical activity in the appearance of factors associated with emotional eating during the COVID-19 pandemic.
| S-EPMC8618670 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Despite its well-known health benefits, most older adults do not commit to undertaking sufficient physical activity (PA). In this study we aimed to examine the perceived benefits of and barriers and enablers to PA from the perspectives of older Caucasian and Chinese adults living in Australia. Individual and group interviews with 17 Caucasian (mean age: 72.8 years) and 47 Chinese adults (mean age: 74.0 years) were conducted and analysed using thematic analysis. Overall, participants knew about the benefits of PA on physical health but had inconsistent views on its benefits on mental and cognitive health. Older Caucasian and Chinese adults reported similar barriers (e.g., health issues, costs, bad weather and lack of time) and enablers (e.g., improving health; environmental enablers such as adequate and walkable spaces and good natural environment; peer support; and self-motivation) to PA. In comparison, older Chinese adults reported barriers more often, and reported some unique barriers relating to language and culture issues. The findings contribute to developing targeted PA programs for older Caucasian and Chinese adults.
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Project description:BackgroundPhysical activity (PA) represents a low-cost and readily available means of mitigating multiple sclerosis (MS) symptoms and alleviating the disease course. Nevertheless, persons with MS engage in lower levels of PA than the general population.ObjectiveThis study aims to enhance the understanding of the barriers to PA engagement in persons with MS and to evaluate the applicability of the Barriers to Health Promoting Activities for Disabled Persons (BHADP) scale for assessing barriers to PA in persons with MS, by comparing the BHADP score with self-reported outcomes of fatigue, depression, self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life, as well as sensor-measured PA.MethodsStudy participants (n=45; median age 46, IQR 40-51 years; median Expanded Disability Status Scale score 4.5, IQR 3.5-6) were recruited among persons with MS attending inpatient neurorehabilitation. They wore a Fitbit Inspire HR (Fitbit Inc) throughout their stay at the rehabilitation clinic (phase 1; 2-4 wk) and for the 4 following weeks at home (phase 2; 4 wk). Sensor-based step counts and cumulative minutes in moderate to vigorous PA were computed for the last 7 days at the clinic and at home. On the basis of PA during the last 7 end-of-study days, we grouped the study participants as active (≥10,000 steps/d) and less active (<10,000 steps/d) to explore PA barriers compared with PA level. PA barriers were repeatedly assessed through the BHADP scale. We described the relevance of the 18 barriers of the BHADP scale assessed at the end of the study and quantified their correlations with the Spearman correlation test. We evaluated the associations of the BHADP score with end-of-study reported outcomes of fatigue, depression, self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life with multivariable regression models. We performed separate regression analyses to examine the association of the BHADP score with different sensor-measured outcomes of PA.ResultsThe less active group reported higher scores for the BHADP items Feeling what I do doesn't help, No one to help me, and Lack of support from family/friends. The BHADP items Not interested in PA and Impairment were positively correlated. The BHADP score was positively associated with measures of fatigue and depression and negatively associated with self-efficacy and health-related quality of life. The BHADP score showed an inverse relationship with the level of PA measured but not when dichotomized according to the recommended PA level thresholds.ConclusionsThe BHADP scale is a valid and well-adapted tool for persons with MS because it reflects common MS symptoms such as fatigue and depression, as well as self-efficacy and health-related quality of life. Moreover, decreases in PA levels are often related to increases in specific barriers in the lives of persons with MS and should hence be addressed jointly in health care management.
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Project description:BackgroundPhysical activity (PA) reduces risk factors related to metabolic syndrome. Rurality influences the way people incorporate physical activity into daily life. The aim of this study is to determine the association of PA level with metabolic syndrome in a rural Australian population. The influence of adiposity on these associations is also investigated.MethodsThree cross-sectional population health surveys were conducted in south-east Australia during 2004-2006 using a random population sample (n = 1563, participation rate 49%) aged 25-74 years. PA was assessed via a self-administered questionnaire, and components of the metabolic syndrome via anthropometric measurements taken by specially trained nurses and laboratory tests.ResultsApproximately one-fifth of participants were inactive in leisure-time and over one-third had metabolic syndrome (men 39%, women 33%; p = 0.022). There was an inverse association between level of PA and metabolic syndrome (p < 0.001). Men who were inactive in leisure-time were more than twice as likely and women more than three times as likely to have metabolic syndrome compared with those having high PA. Body mass index (BMI) is a mediating factor in the association between level of PA and metabolic syndrome.ConclusionSome PA is better than none if adults, particularly women, are to reduce their risk of metabolic syndrome and associated vascular diseases. Specialised interventions that take rurality into consideration are recommended for adults who are inactive.
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Project description:PurposeThe aim was to use accelerometer data to describe day-to-day variability in physical activity in a single week, according to sociodemographic variables, in mid-aged Australian adults.MethodsData were from participants in the How Areas in Brisbane Influence HealTh and AcTivity (HABITAT) study who took part in a 2014 sub-study (N = 612; Mean age 60.6 [SD 6.9; range 48-73]). Participants wore a triaxial accelerometer (ActiGraph wGT3X-BT) on their non-dominant wrist for seven days, and data were expressed as acceleration in gravitational equivalent units (1 mg = 0.001 g). These were, used to estimate daily acceleration (during waking hours) and daily time spent in moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA, defined as ≥ 100mg). Coefficient of variation (calculated as [standard deviation/mean of acceleration and MVPA across the seven measurement days] * 100%) was used to describe day-to-day variability.ResultsAverage values for both acceleration (24.1-24.8 mg/day) and MVPA (75.9-79.7 mins/day) were consistent across days of the week, suggesting little day-to-day variability (at the group level). However, over seven days, average individual day-to-day variability in acceleration was 18.8% (SD 9.3%; range 3.4-87.7%) and in MVPA was 35.4% (SD 15.6%; range 7.3-124.6%), indicating considerable day-to-day variability in some participants. While blue collar workers had the highest average acceleration (28.6 mg/day) and MVPA (102.5 mins/day), their day-to-day variability was low (18.3% for acceleration and 31.9% for MVPA). In contrast, variability in acceleration was highest in men, those in professional occupations and those with high income; and variability in MVPA was higher in men than in women.ConclusionResults show group-level estimates of average acceleration and MVPA in a single week conceal considerable day-to-day variation in how mid-age Australians accumulate their acceleration and MVPA on a daily basis. Overall, there was no clear relationship between overall volume of activity and variability. Future studies with larger sample sizes and longitudinal data are needed to build on the findings from this study and increase the generalisability of these findings to other population groups.
| S-EPMC10540459 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeThe majority of older patients, scheduled for a cardiac procedure, do not adhere to international dietary intake and physical activity guidelines. The purpose of this study was to explore barriers and facilitators regarding dietary intake and physical activity behaviour change in older patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with patients undergoing TAVI. Interviews were analysed by two independent researchers using thematic analysis, the capability, opportunity and motivation behaviour model was used as a framework.ResultsThe study included 13 patients (82 ± 6 years old, 6 females) until data saturation was reached. Six themes were identified, which were all applicable to both dietary intake and physical activity. Three following themes were identified as barriers: (1) low physical capability, (2) healthy dietary intake and physical activity are not a priority at an older age and (3) ingrained habits and preferences. Three following themes were identified as facilitators: (1) knowledge that dietary intake and physical activity are important for maintaining health, (2) norms set by family, friends and caregivers and (3) support from the social environment.ConclusionOur study found that older patients had mixed feelings about changing their behaviour. The majority initially stated that dietary intake and physical activity were not a priority at older age. However, with knowledge that behaviour could improve health, patients also stated willingness to change, leading to a state of ambivalence. Healthcare professionals may consider motivational interviewing techniques to address this ambivalence.
| S-EPMC10261232 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionPhysical activity (PA) is an important element in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management. The aims of this study were to assess the percentage of adults with T2DM who perform PA, according to the intensity level and to describe barriers to exercise and the association between metabolic control and other clinical variables.MethodsMulticenter, observational, cross-sectional study. Data were collected through the International PA Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the PA Barrier Questionnaire. Adults (18-65 years old) with T2DM from 17 Argentine diabetes centers were included, from May to July 2018.ResultsA total of 270 men (54.9 ± 9.8 years) and 225 women (55.3 ± 9.6 years) were included. Duration of diabetes: 8.2 ± 6.3 years. The BMI in men was 32 ± 10.6 kg/m2, whereas that in women was 32.5 ± 7.2 kg/m2. The last two HbA1c values were 7.6 ± 1.7% and 7.5 ± 1.6. Results also showed that 12.7% had clinical heart disease, 13.7% had nephropathy, 20.8% had neuropathy, 6.1% had diabetic foot and 14.1% had retinopathy. The level of PA was low in 52.3% of the patients studied and moderate in 30.5%. The most frequent barriers were: "lack of will" (59.6%) and "lack of energy" (37.2%). The low level of PA was associated with age (OR: 1.05 per year of age; p < 0.001), HbA1c (OR: 1.16 per 1%; p < 0.05), BMI (OR: 1.06 per kg/m2; p < 0.001) and sex (OR: 1.69 for women; p < 0.01).ConclusionsPA in a cornerstone in management T2DM. Nevertheless, in this study, 52.3% of T2DM adults showed low level of PA. The main barriers reported were related to low personal motivation. These factors should be taken into account to implement programs to promote physical activity.
| S-EPMC8116187 | biostudies-literature