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Dietary sources of cumulative phthalates exposure among the U.S. general population in NHANES 2005-2014.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Anti-androgenic phthalates are reproductive toxicants that may have additive effects on male development. Diet is the primary exposure source for most phthalates, which contaminate the food supply through food contact materials and industrialized production. OBJECTIVE:To compare dietary sources of cumulative phthalates exposure between "food at home" (e.g. food consumed from a grocery store) and "food away from home" (e.g. food consumed from fast food/restaurants and cafeterias) in the U.S. general population. METHODS:We estimated cumulative phthalates exposure by calculating daily intake from metabolite concentrations in urinary spot samples for 10,253 participants (?6?years old) using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2014) data. We constructed a biologically relevant metric of phthalates daily intake (?androgen-disruptor, ?g/kg/day) by converting phthalates into anti-androgen equivalent terms prior to their summation. Particular foods and the percent of total energy intake (TEI) consumed from multiple dining out sources were ascertained from 24-h recall surveys. Associations with ?androgen-disruptor levels were estimated for children, adolescents, and adults using multivariable linear regression. RESULTS:We observed a consistent positive association between dining out and ?androgen-disruptor levels across the study population (p-trend <0.0001). Among adolescents, high consumers of foods outside the home had 55% (95% CI: 35%, 78%) higher ?androgen-disruptor levels compared to those who only consumed food at home. The contribution of specific dining out sources to ?androgen-disruptor levels varied by age group. For example, cafeteria food was associated with 15% (95% CI: 4.0%, 28%) and 64% (95% CI: 40%, 92%) higher ?androgen-disruptor levels in children and adults, respectively. Particular foods, especially sandwiches (i.e. cheeseburgers), were associated with increased ?androgen-disruptor levels only if they were purchased away from home (p?

SUBMITTER: Varshavsky JR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5970069 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dietary sources of cumulative phthalates exposure among the U.S. general population in NHANES 2005-2014.

Varshavsky Julia R JR Morello-Frosch Rachel R Woodruff Tracey J TJ Zota Ami R AR

Environment international 20180329

<h4>Background</h4>Anti-androgenic phthalates are reproductive toxicants that may have additive effects on male development. Diet is the primary exposure source for most phthalates, which contaminate the food supply through food contact materials and industrialized production.<h4>Objective</h4>To compare dietary sources of cumulative phthalates exposure between "food at home" (e.g. food consumed from a grocery store) and "food away from home" (e.g. food consumed from fast food/restaurants and ca ...[more]

PMID: 29605141

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Project description:BackgroundThe effect of chemical exposure on obesity has raised great concerns. Real-world chemical exposure always imposes mixture impacts, however their exposure patterns and the corresponding associations with obesity have not been fully evaluated.ObjectivesTo discover obesity-related mixed chemical exposure patterns in the general U.S.PopulationMethodsSparse Decompositional Regression (SDR), a model adapted from sparse representation learning technique, was developed to identify exposure patterns of chemical mixtures with exclusion (non-targeted model) and inclusion (targeted model) of health outcomes. We assessed the relationships between the identified chemical mixture patterns and obesity-related indexes. We also conducted a comprehensive evaluation of this SDR model by comparing to the existing models, including generalized linear regression model (GLM), principal component analysis (PCA), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR).ResultsEight core exposure patterns were identified using the non-targeted SDR model. Patterns of high levels of MEP, high levels of naphthalene metabolites (ΣOH-Nap), and a pattern of high exposure levels of MCOP, MCNP, and MCPP were positively associated with obesity. Patterns of high levels of BP3, and a pattern of higher mixed levels of MPB, PPB, and MEP were found to have negative associations. Associations were strengthened using the targeted SDR model. In the single chemical analysis by GLM, BP3, MBP, PPB, MCOP, and MCNP showed significant associations with obesity or body indexes. The SDR model exceeded the performance of PCA in pattern identification. Both SDR and BKMR identified a positive contribution of ΣOH-Nap and MCOP, as well as a negative contribution of BP3 and PPB to obesity.ConclusionOur study identified five core exposure patterns of chemical mixtures significantly associated with obesity using the newly developed SDR model. The SDR model could open a new avenue for assessing health effects of environmental mixture contaminants.

Dataset Information

Dietary sources of cumulative phthalates exposure among the U.S. general population in NHANES 2005-2014.

Publications

Dietary sources of cumulative phthalates exposure among the U.S. general population in NHANES 2005-2014.

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