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Fibrotic microtissue array to predict anti-fibrosis drug efficacy.

ABSTRACT: Fibrosis is a severe health problem characterized by progressive stiffening of tissues which causes organ malfunction and failure. A major bottleneck in developing new anti-fibrosis therapies is the lack of in vitro models that recapitulate dynamic changes in tissue mechanics during fibrogenesis. Here we create membranous human lung microtissues to model key biomechanical events occurred during lung fibrogenesis including progressive stiffening and contraction of alveolar tissue, decline in alveolar tissue compliance and traction force-induced bronchial dilation. With these capabilities, we provide proof of principle for using this fibrotic tissue array for multi-parameter, phenotypic analysis of the therapeutic efficacy of two anti-fibrosis drugs recently approved by the FDA. Preventative treatments with Pirfenidone and Nintedanib reduce tissue contractility and prevent tissue stiffening and decline in tissue compliance. In a therapeutic treatment regimen, both drugs restore tissue compliance. These results highlight the pathophysiologically relevant modeling capability of our novel fibrotic microtissue system.

SUBMITTER: Asmani M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5970268 | biostudies-literature | 2018 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Fibrotic microtissue array to predict anti-fibrosis drug efficacy.

Asmani Mohammadnabi M Velumani Sanjana S Li Yan Y Wawrzyniak Nicole N Hsia Isaac I Chen Zhaowei Z Hinz Boris B Zhao Ruogang R

Nature communications 20180525 1

Fibrosis is a severe health problem characterized by progressive stiffening of tissues which causes organ malfunction and failure. A major bottleneck in developing new anti-fibrosis therapies is the lack of in vitro models that recapitulate dynamic changes in tissue mechanics during fibrogenesis. Here we create membranous human lung microtissues to model key biomechanical events occurred during lung fibrogenesis including progressive stiffening and contraction of alveolar tissue, decline in alve ...[more]

PMID: 29802256

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Project description:BackgroundProgressive fibrous thickening of the peritoneal membrane is a complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD). TGF-β/Smad pathway activation, inflammation, and neoangiogenesis play important roles in peritoneal membrane (PM) changes induced by PD. Recently, histone deacetilase inhibitors (HDACi) have shown anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects in different experimental models. These drugs prevent deacetylation of histones causing a loosen chromatin, which in turn induce the expression of some anti-fibrotic genes. In addition, acetylation may increase the activity of proteins involved in tissue fibrosis, such as Smad7. Here, we explored the effect of valproic acid (VPA), an HDACi, on the development of peritoneal fibrosis (PF) in rats.MethodsPF was induced by daily intraperitoneal injections of 0.1% chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) for 15 consecutive days. Male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were divided into 3 groups: CONTROL, control rats receiving only vehicle; PF, peritoneal fibrosis induced in rats; PF+VPA, rats with PF treated with VPA (300 mg/kg/day by gavage). PF was assessed by Masson's trichrome staining. Inflammation and fibrosis-associated factors were assessed by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, multiplex analysis, and qPCR.ResultsTreatment with VPA significantly reduced PM thickness and the expression of myofibroblasts, besides preventing loss of ultrafiltration capacity of the PM. The upregulation of profibrotic factors (TGF-β, fibronectin, and Smad3) in the PF group was significantly ameliorated by VPA. VPA modulated the TGF/Smad pathway, inhibiting phosphorylated Smad3 expression and inducing an increased Smad7 expression in the FP+VPA group. The neoangiogenesis and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1) observed in the PF group was significantly reduced by VPA.ConclusionsOur results indicate that VPA suppressed experimental PF through modulation of the TGF-β/Smad pathway. Interestingly, VPA treatment induced a higher expression of antifibrotic factors, such as Smad7. These results suggest that VPA may represent a potential strategy for treating long term PD complications.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fibrosing lung disease with poor prognosis. Pirfenidone and nintedanib are anti-fibrotic drugs used for patients with IPF. These drugs reduce the rate of decline in forced vital capacity (FVC). Serum surfactant protein (SP)-A, SP-D, and Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) are monitoring and prognostic biomarkers in patients with IPF; however, their relationship with the therapeutic outcomes of anti-fibrotic drugs has not been investigated. We aim to clarify whether serum SP-A, SP-D, and KL-6 reflect therapeutic outcomes of pirfenidone and nintedanib administration in patients with IPF. METHODS:We retrospectively investigated patients with IPF who were initiated on pirfenidone or nintedanib administration between January 2014 and June 2018 at our hospital. Changes in clinical parameters and serum SP-A, SP-D, and KL-6 levels were evaluated. Patients with ?10% decline in FVC or???15% decline in diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLco) from baseline to 6?months were classified as progression group, while the other patients were classified as stable group. RESULTS:Forty-nine patients were included (pirfenidone, 23; nintedanib, 26). Stable group comprised 32 patients, while progression group comprised 17 patients. In the stable group, changes in SP-A and KL-6 from baseline to 3 and 6?months significantly decreased compared with the progression group (SP-A: 3?months -?6.0% vs 16.7%, 6?months -?10.2% vs 20.2%, KL-6: 3?months -?9.2% vs 6.7%, 6?months -?15.0% vs 12.1%, p?<?0.05). Changes in SP-A and SP-D levels showed significant negative correlations with the change in %FVC (r?=?-?0.46 and r?=?-?0.39, p?<?0.01, respectively) and %DLco (r?=?-?0.67 and r?=?-?0.54, p?<?0.01, respectively). Similar results were also seen in subgroup analysis for both pirfenidone and nintedanib groups. On logistic regression analysis, decrease in SP-A from baseline to 3?months and 6?months was found to predict the outcomes at 6?months (odds ratios: 0.89 and 0.88, respectively). CONCLUSIONS:Changes in serum SP-A reflected the outcomes of anti-fibrotic drug therapy. Serum SP-A has a potential as a biomarker of therapeutic outcomes of anti-fibrotic drugs.

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Dataset Information

Fibrotic microtissue array to predict anti-fibrosis drug efficacy.

Publications

Fibrotic microtissue array to predict anti-fibrosis drug efficacy.

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