Dataset Information

Outdoor air pollution and mosaic loss of chromosome Y in older men from the Cardiovascular Health Study.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Mosaic loss of chromosome Y (mLOY) can occur in a fraction of cells as men age, which is potentially linked to increased mortality risk. Smoking is related to mLOY; however, the contribution of air pollution is unclear. OBJECTIVE:We investigated whether exposure to outdoor air pollution, age, and smoking were associated with mLOY. METHODS:We analyzed baseline (1989-1993) blood samples from 933 men ?65?years of age from the prospective Cardiovascular Health Study. Particulate matter ?10??m (PM10), carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and ozone data were obtained from the U.S. EPA Aerometric Information Retrieval System for the year prior to baseline. Inverse-distance weighted air monitor data were used to estimate each participants' monthly residential exposure. mLOY was detected with standard methods using signal intensity (median log-R ratio (mLRR)) of the male-specific chromosome Y regions from Illumina array data. Linear regression models were used to evaluate relations between mean exposure in the prior year, age, smoking and continuous mLRR. RESULTS:Increased PM10 was associated with mLOY, namely decreased mLRR (p-trend?=?0.03). Compared with the lowest tertile (?28.5??g/m3), the middle (28.5-31.0??g/m3; ??=?-0.0044, p?=?0.09) and highest (?31??g/m3; ??=?-0.0054, p?=?0.04) tertiles had decreased mLRR, adjusted for age, clinic, race/cohort, smoking status and pack-years. Additionally, increasing age (??=?-0.00035, p?=?0.06) and smoking pack-years (??=?-0.00011, p?=?1.4E-3) were associated with decreased mLRR, adjusted for each other and race/cohort. No significant associations were found for other pollutants. CONCLUSIONS:PM10 may increase leukocyte mLOY, a marker of genomic instability. The sample size was modest and replication is warranted.

SUBMITTER: Wong JYY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5971001 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Outdoor air pollution and mosaic loss of chromosome Y in older men from the Cardiovascular Health Study.

Wong Jason Y Y JYY Margolis Helene G HG Machiela Mitchell M Zhou Weiyin W Odden Michelle C MC Psaty Bruce M BM Robbins John J Jones Rena R RR Rotter Jerome I JI Chanock Stephen J SJ Rothman Nathaniel N Lan Qing Q Lee Jennifer S JS

Environment international 20180424

<h4>Background</h4>Mosaic loss of chromosome Y (mLOY) can occur in a fraction of cells as men age, which is potentially linked to increased mortality risk. Smoking is related to mLOY; however, the contribution of air pollution is unclear.<h4>Objective</h4>We investigated whether exposure to outdoor air pollution, age, and smoking were associated with mLOY.<h4>Methods</h4>We analyzed baseline (1989-1993) blood samples from 933 men ≥65 years of age from the prospective Cardiovascular Health Study. ...[more]

PMID: 29698900

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Project description:OBJECTIVES:Outdoor air pollution is a serious environmental problem worldwide. Current systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) mostly focused on some specific health outcomes or some specific air pollution. DESIGN:This evidence gap map (EGM) is to identify existing gaps from SRs and MAs and report them in broad topic areas. DATA SOURCES:PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus and Web of Science were searched from their inception until June 2018. Citations and reference lists were traced. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA:SRs and MAs that investigated the impact of outdoor air pollution on human health outcomes were collected. This study excluded original articles and qualitative review articles. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS:Characteristics of the included SRs and MAs were extracted and summarised. Extracted data included authors, publication year, location of the corresponding author(s), publication journal discipline, study design, study duration, sample size, study region, target population, types of air pollution and health outcomes. RESULTS:Asia and North America published 93% of SRs and MAs included in this EGM. 31% of the SRs and MAs (27/86) included primary studies conducted in 5-10 countries. Their publication trends have increased during the last 10 years. A total of 2864 primary studies was included. The median number of included primary studies was 20 (range, 7-167). Cohort studies, case cross-over studies and time-series studies were the top three most used study designs. The mostly researched population was the group of all ages (46/86, 53%). Cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases and health service records were mostly reported. A lack of definite diagnostic criteria, unclear reporting of air pollution exposure and time period of primary studies were the main research gaps. CONCLUSIONS:This EGM provided a visual overview of health outcomes affected by outdoor air pollution exposure. Future research should focus on chronic diseases, cancer and mental disorders.

Project description:BackgroundRising temperatures due to climate change are expected to impact human adaptive response, including changes to home cooling and ventilation patterns. These changes may affect air pollution exposures via alteration in residential air exchange rates, affecting indoor infiltration of outdoor particles. We conducted a field study examining associations between particle infiltration and temperature to inform future studies of air pollution health effects.MethodsWe measured indoor fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Atlanta in 60 homes (810 sampling-days). Indoor-outdoor sulfur ratios were used to estimate particle infiltration, using central site outdoor sulfur concentrations. Linear and mixed-effects models were used to examine particle infiltration ratio-temperature relationships, based on which we incorporated projected meteorological values (Representative Concentration Pathways intermediate scenario RCP 4.5) to estimate particle infiltration ratios in 20-year future (2046-2065) and past (1981-2000) scenarios.ResultsThe mean particle infiltration ratio in Atlanta was 0.70 ± 0.30, with a 0.21 lower ratio in summer compared to transition seasons (spring, fall). Particle infiltration ratios were 0.19 lower in houses using heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems compared to those not using HVAC. We observed significant associations between particle infiltration ratios and both linear and quadratic models of ambient temperature for homes using natural ventilation and those using HVAC. Future temperature was projected to increase by 2.1 °C in Atlanta, which corresponds to an increase of 0.023 (3.9%) in particle infiltration ratios during cooler months and a decrease of 0.037 (6.2%) during warmer months.DiscussionWe estimated notable changes in particle infiltration ratio in Atlanta for different 20-year periods, with differential seasonal patterns. Moreover, when stratified by HVAC usage, increases in future ambient temperature due to climate change were projected to enhance seasonal differences in PM2.5 infiltration in Atlanta. These analyses can help minimize exposure misclassification in epidemiologic studies of PM2.5, and provide a better understanding of the potential influence of climate change on PM2.5 health effects.

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Dataset Information

Outdoor air pollution and mosaic loss of chromosome Y in older men from the Cardiovascular Health Study.

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Outdoor air pollution and mosaic loss of chromosome Y in older men from the Cardiovascular Health Study.

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