Dataset Information

Molecular and morphological data to facilitate future research on freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae: Anodontinae).

ABSTRACT: This data article presents the multi-locus DNA alignments, morphometric data, and details on specimens examined to resolve the evolutionary history of Anodontoides and Strophitus, primarily generic placement and species boundaries. We sequenced 3 loci to create our molecular matrix: cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, NADH dehydrogenase subunit I, and the nuclear-encoded ribosomal internal transcribed spacer I. Aligned sequences were used in phylogenetic analyses and to identify diagnostic nucleotides for Strophitus pascagoulaensis, Strophitus radiatus, Strophitus sp. cf. pascagoulaensis, and Strophitus williamsi. Linear morphometrics (i.e. maximum height, length, and width) were also implemented to further evaluate species boundaries within Strophitus. For further details and experimental findings, please refer to the article published in Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution (Smith et al., 2018) [1].

SUBMITTER: Smith CH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5988452 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Molecular and morphological data to facilitate future research on freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae: Anodontinae).

Smith Chase H CH Johnson Nathan A NA Pfeiffer John M JM Gangloff Michael M MM

Data in brief 20180103

This data article presents the multi-locus DNA alignments, morphometric data, and details on specimens examined to resolve the evolutionary history of Anodontoides and Strophitus, primarily generic placement and species boundaries. We sequenced 3 loci to create our molecular matrix: cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, NADH dehydrogenase subunit I, and the nuclear-encoded ribosomal internal transcribed spacer I. Aligned sequences were used in phylogenetic analyses and to i ...[more]

PMID: 29876378

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Project description:Freshwater mollusk shell morphology exhibits clinal variation along a stream continuum that has been termed the Law of Stream Distribution. We analyzed phylogenetic relationships and morphological similarity of two freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae), Obovaria jacksoniana and Villosa arkansasensis, throughout their ranges. The objectives were to investigate phylogenetic structure and evolutionary divergence of O. jacksoniana and V. arkansasensis and morphological similarity between the two species. Our analyses were the first explicit tests of phenotypic plasticity in shell morphologies using a combination of genetics and morphometrics. We conducted phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial DNA (1416 bp; two genes) and morphometric analyses for 135 individuals of O. jacksoniana and V. arkansasensis from 12 streams. We examined correlations among genetic, morphological, and spatial distances using Mantel tests. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed a monophyletic relationship between O. jacksoniana and V. arkansasensis. Within this O. jacksoniana/V. arkansasensis complex, five distinct clades corresponding to drainage patterns showed high genetic divergence. Morphometric analysis revealed relative differences in shell morphologies between the two currently recognized species. We conclude that morphological differences between the two species are caused by ecophenotypic plasticity. A series of Mantel tests showed regional and local genetic isolation by distance. We observed clear positive correlations between morphological and geographic distances within a single drainage. We did not observe correlations between genetic and morphological distances. Phylogenetic analyses suggest O. jacksoniana and V. arkansasensis are synonomous and most closely related to a clade composed of O. retusa, O. subrotunda, and O. unicolor. Therefore, the synonomous O. jacksoniana and V. arkansasensis should be recognized as Obovaria arkansasensis (Lea 1862) n. comb. Phylogenetic analyses also showed relative genetic isolation among drainages, suggesting no current gene flow. Further investigation of in-progress speciation and/or cryptic species within O. arkansasensis is warranted followed by appropriate revision of conservation management designations. In this study, we found Obovaria jacksoniana and Villosa arkansasensis are synonomous. We suggest that morphological differences between the two species are caused by ecophenotypic plasticity, where V. arkansasensis is the upstream morphotype and O. jacksoniana is the downstream morphotype of a single species.

Project description:To meet monitoring and recovery planning needs, demographic vital rates of two endangered freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae)-the Cumberlandian Combshell (Epioblasma brevidens, Lea 1831) and Oyster Mussel (Epioblasma capsaeformis, Lea 1834), species endemic to the Tennessee and Cumberland river basins, U.S.A-were estimated and compared using census methodologies. Annual variation in population density and size, recruitment rate, mortality rate, sex ratios, and female fecundity of both species were observed from 2004-2014 at three fixed sites, spanning a 33.8 kilometer (KM) reach of the Clinch River, Hancock County, Tennessee. Mean population size of E. brevidens estimated from 11 censuses was 2,598 individuals at Swan Island (KM 277.1), 8,744 at Frost Ford (KM 291.8), and 879 at Wallen Bend (KM 309.6); collectively, these demes grew at an annual rate of 7% over the study period. Mean population size of E. capsaeformis was 7,846 individuals at Swan Island, 265,442 at Frost Ford, and 11,704 at Wallen Bend; collectively, these demes grew at an annual rate of 6%. Population size, variability in population growth, recruitment, and mortality of the shorter-lived E. capsaeformis (maximum age = 16 yrs, rarely >10 yrs) were higher than those of the longer-lived E. brevidens (maximum age = 25 yrs). Stream discharge was associated with realized per-capita population growth rate for both species when juvenile (Ages 1-3) data was included. Linear regression analysis showed that the growth rate of E. brevidens was negatively associated with median annual discharge (p = 0.0274) and that growth rate of E. capsaeformis was negatively associated with the number of days having extreme high discharge preceding a census (p = 0.0381). Fecundity of female E. brevidens averaged 34,947 (SE = 2,492) glochidia and ranged from 18,987 to 56,151, whereas fecundity of female E. capsaeformis averaged 9,558 (SE = 603) glochidia and ranged from 3,456 to 22,182. Estimated vital rates indicated that the two species are characterized by different life-history strategies, with E. brevidens exhibiting a periodic strategy (between K- and r-selected) and E. capsaeformis an opportunistic strategy (r-selected). These life history strategies are likely influenced by each species' longevity and habitat preference, in addition to the life histories and population dynamics of their primary fish hosts.

Dataset Information

Molecular and morphological data to facilitate future research on freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae: Anodontinae).

Publications

Molecular and morphological data to facilitate future research on freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae: Anodontinae).

Similar Datasets

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