Dataset Information

The behavioral study on the interactive aggravation between pruritus and depression.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The interactive aggravation of pruritus and depression is well-known, but an appropriate experimental model that could mimic this behavioral phenomenon is still lacking. Thus, a systematic animal behavioral investigation was carried out in this study. This will promote the research and treatment of pruritus and depression.

Methods

The 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced chronic itch model was established to measure the depression index by forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), and splash test (ST). The chronic unpredicted mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression model was established to measure spontaneous itch and acute histamine or chloroquine-induced itch behaviors. A depression and itch combining model was also established to measure the scratching and depression behaviors. The motor function of DNFB mice was analyzed by the rotarod test.

Results

The scratching number, the immobility time in the FST and TST, and the grooming number in the ST test were all significantly increased in the chronic itch model. Mice receiving CUMS treatment showed significantly increased spontaneous scratching number, immobility time in the FST and TST tests, and grooming number in the ST. The combined model showed increased immobility time in FST and TST tests and increased grooming number in ST comparing to the depression model, and showed increased scratching number comparing to the chronic itch model. After histamine (His) or chloroquine (CQ) injection, the scratching numbers of CUMS mice were all significantly increased compared to those of His- and CQ-control, respectively. Anti-depression drug ketamine could significantly inhibit the depression-like behaviors of CUMS mice, and simultaneously stopped the promoting effect on His-induced acute itch.

Conclusions

This study established an appropriate cross aggravation experimental mode and demonstrated that there is cross aggravation between pruritus and depression. The illumination of related mechanisms underlying this cross aggravation effect will provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of depression and pruritus.

SUBMITTER: Wang XD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5991569 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

The behavioral study on the interactive aggravation between pruritus and depression.

Wang Xiao-Dong XD Yang Gang G Bai Yang Y Feng Yu-Peng YP Li Hui H

Brain and behavior 20180501 6

<h4>Background</h4>The interactive aggravation of pruritus and depression is well-known, but an appropriate experimental model that could mimic this behavioral phenomenon is still lacking. Thus, a systematic animal behavioral investigation was carried out in this study. This will promote the research and treatment of pruritus and depression.<h4>Methods</h4>The 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced chronic itch model was established to measure the depression index by forced swimming test (FST), ...[more]

PMID: 30106230

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Major depression is a world-wide problem that can be treated with various forms of psychotherapy. There is strong research support for treating major depression using cognitive behavior therapy delivered in the format of guided self-help via the Internet (ICBT). Recent research also suggests that psychodynamic psychotherapy can be delivered as guided self-help via the Internet (IPDT) and that it seem to be as effective as ICBT for mild to moderate depression. However, no head-to-head comparison between the two treatments exists. In the field of Internet interventions it is largely unexplored if treatment preference affects outcome and adherence. METHODS:Participants were allocated to IPDT or ICBT based on their stated preference. More than half of the participants preferred ICBT (N = 30) over IPDT (N = 14). Differences in efficacy between treatments were explored. Correlations between strength of preference and treatment outcome, adherence to treatment and completion of the whole treatment program were explored. Data were collected before and after treatment, as well as in a 7-month follow-up. RESULTS:During the treatment period, both programs performed equally well in reducing symptoms. More participants who received IPDT completed the entire program. At follow-up, mixed-effects models showed that participants who chose ICBT improved more in terms of quality of life. The ICBT group also had a significant increase in participants who recovered from their depression from post-treatment to follow-up. Exploratory analyses indicated that strength of preference was correlated with adherence to treatment and completion of the whole program, and long-term outcome for the ICBT group. CONCLUSIONS:Few differences were found during the acute treatment phase, but the long-term effects are in favor of ICBT. Strength of preference for treatment seems to have a predictive value. Further research comparing the efficacy of ICBT and IPDT, and the effects of preference matching and strength of preference, is warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION:This trial is a continuation of the study registered as NCT01324050 at Clinicaltrials.gov.

Project description:Atopic dermatitis is a complex disease of heterogeneous pathogenesis, in particular, genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, and their interactions. Indoor air pollution, increasing with urbanization, plays a role as environmental risk factor in the development of AD. However, we still lack a detailed picture of the role of air pollution in the development of the disease. Here, we examined the effect of formaldehyde (FA) exposure on the manifestation of atopic dermatitis and the underlying molecular mechanism in naive rats and in a rat model of atopic dermatitis (AD) produced by neonatal capsaicin treatment. The AD and naive rats were exposed to 0.8 ppm FA, 1.2 ppm FA, or fresh air (Air) for 6 weeks (2 hours/day and 5 days/week). So, six groups, namely the 1.2 FA-AD, 0.8 FA-AD, Air-AD, 1.2 FA-naive, 0.8 FA-naive and Air-naive groups, were established. Pruritus and dermatitis, two major symptoms of atopic dermatitis, were evaluated every week for 6 weeks. After that, samples of the blood, the skin and the thymus were collected from the 1.2 FA-AD, the Air-AD, the 1.2 FA-naive and the Air-naive groups. Serum IgE levels were quantified with ELISA, and mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines from extracts of the skin and the thymus were calculated with qRT-PCR. The dermatitis and pruritus significantly worsened in 1.2 FA-AD group, but not in 0.8 FA-AD, compared to the Air-AD animals, whereas FA didn't induce any symptoms in naive rats. Consistently, the levels of serum IgE were significantly higher in 1.2 FA-AD than in air-AD, however, there was no significant difference following FA exposure in naive animals. In the skin, mRNA expression levels of Th1 cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly higher in the 1.2 FA-AD rats compared to the air-AD rats, whereas mRNA expression levels of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13), IL-17A and TSLP were significantly higher in 1.2 FA-naive group than in the Air-naive group. These results suggested that 1.2 ppm of FA penetrated the injured skin barrier, and exacerbated Th1 responses and serum IgE level in the AD rats so that dermatitis and pruritus were aggravated, while the elevated expression of Th2 cytokines by 1.2 ppm of FA in naive rats was probably insufficient for clinical manifestation. In conclusion, in a rat model of atopic dermatitis, exposure to 1.2 ppm of FA aggravated pruritus and skin inflammation, which was associated with the elevated expression of Th1 cytokines.

Dataset Information

The behavioral study on the interactive aggravation between pruritus and depression.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

The behavioral study on the interactive aggravation between pruritus and depression.

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