Resolvin D2 Restrains Th1 Immunity and Prevents Alveolar Bone Loss in Murine Periodontitis.
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ABSTRACT: Periodontitis is an infectious inflammatory disease of the supporting structures of the teeth. Resolvins are part of a large family of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators that enhance active resolution of inflammation and return of inflammatory lesions to homeostasis. In this paper, we demonstrate that resolvin D2 (RvD2), a product of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) metabolism, prevents alveolar bone loss in Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced experimental periodontitis. Investigations of the immune mechanism of RvD2 actions reveal that 6?weeks after infection, the gingiva of RvD2-treated mice exhibit decreased CD4+ T-cells as well as lower RANKL expression levels and higher osteoprotegerin expression levels. Systemically, RvD2 prevents chronic secretion of IFN-? and rapidly restores IFN-? levels, without dampening the P. gingivalis-specific immune response. In the gingiva, immediately after P. gingivalis inoculation, RvD2 regulates the mRNA expression of IFN-?, IL-1?, TNF-?, and IL-10, hence contributing to maintaining local homeostasis. Moreover, RvD2 treatment reduces local neutrophil numbers, whereas pro-resolving macrophage counts were increased. These findings suggest that RvD2 resolves innate inflammatory responses, inhibiting systemic and gingival Th1-type adaptive responses that are known to mediate alveolar bone loss in this model.
SUBMITTER: Mizraji G
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5996935 | biostudies-literature | 2018
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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