Dataset Information

The national and subnational prevalence of cataract and cataract blindness in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT: Cataract is the second leading cause of visual impairment and the first of blindness globally. However, for the most populous country, China, much remains to be understood about the scale of cataract and cataract blindness. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of cataract and cataract blindness in China at both the national and subnational levels, with projections till 2050.In this systematic review and meta-analysis, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database (CBM-SinoMed), PubMed, Embase, and Medline were searched using a comprehensive search strategy to identify all relevant articles on the prevalence of cataract or cataract blindness in Chinese population published from January 1990 onwards. We fitted a multilevel mixed-effects meta-regression model to estimate the prevalence of cataract, and a random-effects meta-analysis model to pool the overall prevalence of cataract blindness. The United Nations Population Division (UNPD) data were used to estimate and project the number of people with cataract and cataract blindness from 1990 to 2050. According to different demographic and geographic features in the six geographic regions in China, the national numbers of people with cataract in the years 2000 and 2010 were distributed to each region.In males, the prevalence of any cataract (including post-surgical cases) ranged from 6.71% (95% CI?=?5.06-8.83) in people aged 45-49 years to 73.01% (95% CI?=?65.78-79.2) in elderly aged 85-89 years. In females, the prevalence of any cataract increased from 8.39% (95% CI?=?6.36-10.98) in individuals aged 45-49 years to 77.51% (95% CI?=?71.00-82.90) in those aged 85-89 years. For age-related cataract (ARC, including post-surgical cases), in males, the prevalence rates ranged from 3.23% (95% CI?=?1.51-6.80) in adults aged 45-49 years to 65.78% (95% CI?=?46.72-80.82) in those aged 85-89 years. The prevalence of ARC in females was 4.72% (95% CI?=?2.22-9.76) in the 45-49 years age group and 74.03% (95% CI?=?56.53-86.21) in the 85-89 years age group. The pooled prevalence rate of cataract blindness (including post-surgical cases) by best corrected visual acuity (BCVA)<0.05 among middle-aged and older Chinese was 2.30% (95% CI?=?1.72-3.07), and those of cataract blindness by BCVA<0.10 and cataract blindness by presenting visual acuity (PVA)<0.10 were 2.56% (95% CI?=?1.94-3.38) and 4.51% (95% CI?=?3.53-5.75) respectively. In people aged 45-89 years, the number of any cataract cases was 50.75 million (95% CI?=?42.17-60.37) in 1990 and 111.74 million (95% CI?=?92.94-132.84) in 2015, and that of ARC rose from 35.77 million (95% CI?=?19.81-59.55) in 1990 to 79.04 million (95% CI?=?44.14-130.85) in 2015. By 2050, it is projected that the number of people (45-89 years of age) affected by any cataract will be 240.83 million (95% CI?=?206.07-277.35), and that of those with ARC will be 187.26 million (95% CI?=?113.17-281.23). During 2000 and 2010, South Central China consistently owed the most cases of any cataract, whereas Northwest China the least.The prevalence of cataract and cataract blindness in China was unmasked. In the coming decades, cataract and cataract blindness will continue to be a leading public-health issue in China due to the ageing population. Future work should be prioritized to the promotion of high-quality epidemiological studies on cataract.

SUBMITTER: Song P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6005639 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

The national and subnational prevalence of cataract and cataract blindness in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Song Peige P Wang He H Theodoratou Evropi E Chan Kit Yee KY Rudan Igor I

Journal of global health 20180601 1

<h4>Background</h4>Cataract is the second leading cause of visual impairment and the first of blindness globally. However, for the most populous country, China, much remains to be understood about the scale of cataract and cataract blindness. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of cataract and cataract blindness in China at both the national and subnational levels, with projections till 2050.<h4>Methods</h4>In this systematic review and meta-analysis, China National Knowledge Infrastructure ( ...[more]

PMID: 29977532

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundPeripheral artery disease (PAD), the third leading cause of atherosclerotic vascular morbidity, affects approximately 202 million people worldwide, among whom more than two-thirds reside in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). For China, the largest developing country, little is known about the epidemiology of PAD. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of PAD and the number of affected people in China, establish the main risk factors for PAD and assess the number of people with PAD at the sub-national level.MethodsWe searched China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database (CBM-SinoMed), PubMed, Embase and Medline for population-based studies that have reported the prevalence of PAD in the general Chinese population from 1990 onwards. PAD was defined as an ankle-brachial index (ABI) lower than or equal to 0.90. We used a multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression to generate the gender- and age-specific prevalence of PAD, and a random-effects meta-analysis to pool the odds ratios (ORs) of major risk factors. United Nations population numbers were used to estimate and project the number of affected people from 2000 to 2020. Finally, we used the risk factors-based model to distribute the national number of people with PAD into different settings (urban and rural) and regions (East, Central and West) for the year 2010.ResultsOverall, 37 articles met all inclusion criteria and provided prevalence estimates, among which 14 also explored risk factors for PAD. The prevalence of PAD increased gradually by age until mid-60s, after which the increase accelerated. In males, the prevalence of PAD ranged from 2.81% (95% CI?=?1.77-4.43) in those aged 25-29 years to 21.95% (95% CI?=?15.39-30.31) in those 95-99 years old. In females, the PAD prevalence increased from 3.84% (95% CI?=?2.44-5.98) in those aged 25-29 years to 27.95% (95% CI?=?20.14-37.37) in those aged 95-99 years. The PAD prevalence was consistently higher in females than in males across all age groups. This difference was most significantly pronounced among the elderly, starting from 60 years. Between 2000 and 2020, the total number of Chinese people with PAD is expected to increase by 40%: from 29.44 million (95% CI?=?22.51-38.62) in 2000 to 41.13 million (95% CI?=?32.00-52.95) in 2020. Current smoking was the strongest risk factor for PAD, with a meta-odds ratio (OR) of 2.62 (95% CI?=?1.44-4.76), followed by hypertension (1.94, 95% CI?=?1.48-2.53) and diabetes (1.71, 95% CI?=?1.45-2.01). In 2010, 15.18 million (95% CI?=?11.74-19.67) people with PAD resided in the East China, 11.08 million (95% CI?=?8.61-14.28) in the Central China and 8.65 million (95% CI?=?6.71-11.16) in the West China. In addition, 24.20 million (95% CI?=?18.82-31.16) people with PAD were living in rural areas, accounting for almost 70% of all PAD cases in China.ConclusionsWith rapid ageing in China, PAD has become a serious public health problem. More research and optimal interventions on PAD are required to better identify effective strategies for prevention and treatment of PAD in China.

Project description:Glaucoma, the second leading cause of blindness, affects approximately 64.3 million individuals worldwide. In China, demographic ageing is in rapid progress. Yet detailed and up-to-date estimates of the scale of glaucoma are rare. We aimed to quantify and understand the prevalence and burden of glaucoma in China from 1990 to 2015, with projections until 2050.For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database (CBM-SinoMed), PubMed, Embase and Medline using comprehensive search strategies to identify all relevant articles that have reported the prevalence of glaucoma in the general Chinese population. We used a multilevel mixed-effect meta-regression to estimate the prevalence rates of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG), and a random-effects meta-analysis to pool the overall prevalence of secondary glaucoma. United Nations population data were used to estimate and project the number of people with glaucoma from 1990 to 2050. Univariable and multivariable meta-regressions were conducted to assess the association between the prevalence of POAG and PACG and relevant demographic and geographic factors. The national burden of POAG and PACG in the years 2000 and 2010 were distributed to six geographic regions accordingly.From 1990 to 2015, the prevalence of all glaucoma ranged from 2.59% (95% CI?=?1.96-3.49) to 2.58% (95% CI?=?1.94-3.47). For different subtypes of glaucoma, the overall prevalence of POAG ranged from 1.03% (95% CI?=?0.67-1.58) in 1990 to 1.02% (95% CI?=?0.67-1.57) in 2015, PACG from 1.41% (95% CI?=?1.18-1.68) to 1.40% (95% CI?=?1.17-1.68). The overall prevalence of secondary glaucoma was 0.15% (95% CI?=?0.10-0.23) during this period. The number of people with all glaucoma in China was 5.92 million (95% CI?=?4.47-7.97) in 1990, and 13.12 million (95% CI?=?9.88-17.68) in 2015. This increasing trend was also witnessed in different subtypes of glaucoma. The number of people affected by POAG increased from 2.35 million (95% CI?=?1.54-3.60) in 1990 to 5.22 million (95% CI?=?3.40-7.98) in 2015, PACG from 3.22 million (95% CI?=?2.70-3.84) to 7.14 million (95% CI?=?5.97-8.53), and secondary glaucoma from 0.34 million (95% CI?=?0.23-0.53) to 0.76 million (95% CI?=?0.51-1.17). In 2015, more than half (54.42%) of the glaucoma cases were PACG, followed by POAG (39.79%) and secondary glaucoma (5.79%). By 2050, the number of all glaucoma cases in China will be 25.16 million (95% CI?=?18.96-33.86). In the multivariable meta-regressions, the odds ratio (OR) for each decade's increase in age was 1.43 (95% CI?=?1.33-1.55) for POAG, and 1.65 (95% CI?=?1.51-1.80) for PACG; males were more likely to have POAG (OR 1.36, 95% CI?=?1.17-1.59), but less likely to have PACG (OR 0.53, 95% CI?=?0.46-0.60) compared with females. After adjustment of age and gender, people living in urban areas were more likely to have POAG compared with those in rural areas (OR 1.54, 95% CI?=?1.02-2.35). People in Northeast China were at a higher risk (OR 1.77, 95% CI?=?1.07-2.94) of having PACG than people in East China. Among the six regions, East China owed the most POAG and PACG cases, whereas Northwest China owed the least.This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests a substantial burden of glaucoma in China, with great variances among the different age groups, genders, settings and geographic regions. With the dramatic ageing trend in the next three decades, the prevalence and burden of glaucoma will continue to increase. More elaborate epidemiological studies are needed to optimise public health strategies for mitigating this important health problem.

Project description:The prevalence of autism spectrum conditions (ASC) is 1% in developed countries, but little data are available from mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. This study synthesizes evidence relating to the prevalence of ASC in these areas and assesses the effects of research methodology on prevalence estimates.Systematic literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Knowledge, China Web of Knowledge and Weipu databases, as well as relevant papers published from 1987 to 2011, reporting prevalence estimates of ASC or childhood autism in mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. Summary estimates of prevalence were calculated with a random effects model. The effects of research methodology on the prevalence estimates were assessed using a meta-regression model.There were 25 studies eligible for review, 18 of which were suitable for inclusion in a meta-analysis. Pooled prevalence of childhood autism was 11.8 per 10,000 individuals (95% confidence interval (CI): 8.2, 15.3) in mainland China. Pooled prevalence of ASC was 26.6 per 10,000 (95% CI: 18.5, 34.6) in three areas. Substantial heterogeneity was identified between studies (I2>75%). The prevalence estimate of childhood autism was most strongly associated with the choice of screening instrument. After adjustment for age group, the odds ratio for prevalence estimates when using the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) as the screening instrument compared with those using the Clancy Autism Behavior Scale (CABS) was 0.29 (95% CI: 0.12, 0.69), and 1.79 (95% CI: 0.70, 4.55; P= 0.20) when using the Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (CHAT) compared to the CABS.The available studies investigating the prevalence of ASC in China, Hong Kong and Taiwan have focused mainly on childhood autism rather than the whole spectrum. The prevalence estimates are lower than estimates from developed countries. Studies using more recently developed screening instruments reported higher prevalence than older ones. However, available studies have methodological weaknesses and therefore these results lack comparability with those from developed countries. Our findings indicate a potential under-diagnosis and under-detection of ASC in mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan, and a need to adopt more advanced methods for research of ASC in these areas.

Project description:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the third most common cause of blindness, and the fourth leading cause of visual impairment worldwide, but little is known about the burden of this disease in the most populous country-China. This study provides the first comprehensive estimates of the prevalence and burden of AMD in China from 1990 to 2015, with projections till 2050.In this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the prevalence of AMD in China. China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database (CBM-SinoMed), PubMed, Embase and Medline were searched before September 2016. Multilevel mixed-effect meta-regression was performed to define the prevalence rates of AMD and its subtypes. UN population data were used to estimate and project the number of people affected from 1990 to 2050. Based on different demographic and geographic features, the national burden of AMD in 2000 and 2010 was distributed to different regions in China.Our search returned 2016 citations, of which 25 met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of any AMD ranged from 2.44% (95% CI?=?1.85-3.22) in people aged 45-49 years to 18.98% (95% CI?=?15.05-23.66) in people aged 85-89 years. Prevalence of early AMD ranged from 1.79% (95% CI?=?1.05-3.02) to 10.05% (95% CI?=?6.17-15.97), and, in the case of late AMD, from 0.38% (95% CI?=?0.16-0.97) to 3.88% (95% CI?=?1.68-9.13). In late AMD, the prevalence of geographic atrophy (GA) was 0.15% (95% CI?=?0.05-0.47) in people aged 45-49 years and 1.09% (95% CI?=?0.35-3.36) in those aged 85-89 years, and the prevalence of neovascular AMD (NVAMD) ranged between 0.24% (95% CI?=?0.11-0.50) and 2.79% (95% CI?=?1.33-5.77). The number of people with any AMD was 12.01 million (95% CI?=?9.29-15.46) in 1990 and 26.65 million (95% CI?=?20.62-34.27) in 2015. Within the same period, the number of people with early AMD increased from 9.44 million (95% CI?=?7.74-11.15) to 20.91 million (95% CI?=?17.16-24.68), and those with late AMD rose from 2.58 million (95% CI?=?1.56-4.30) to 5.74 million (95% CI?=?3.46-9.59). In late AMD, the number of people living with GA ranged from 0.87 million (95% CI?=?0.40-1.83) in 1990 to 1.93 million (95% CI?=?0.89-4.08) in 2015, and NVAMD from 1.71 million (95% CI?=?1.16-2.47) to 3.81 million (95% CI?=?2.57-5.51). The projected number of people with any AMD in 2020 is 31.23 million (95% CI?=?24.18-40.14), increasing to 55.19 million (95% CI?=?43.04-70.30) in 2050. Between different regions, the South Central owed the most AMD cases (5.50 million in 2000 and 7.52 million in 2010), whereas the North-West China the least (0.66 million in 2000 and 0.95 million in 2010).The estimates in this study suggest a substantial burden of AMD in China, with the ageing process in Chinese society, this burden will be increasing in the foreseen future. Primary and secondary prevention and treatment and effective government response are urgently needed. Improved epidemiological studies are also required to better develop eye-care strategies and health services.

Dataset Information

The national and subnational prevalence of cataract and cataract blindness in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Publications

The national and subnational prevalence of cataract and cataract blindness in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets