Dataset Information

Baseline trachoma prevalence in Guinea: Results of national trachoma mapping in 31 health districts.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Based on previous studies, historical records and risk factors, trachoma was suspected to be endemic in 31 health districts (HDs) in Guinea. To facilitate planning for the elimination of trachoma as a public health problem, national trachoma surveys were conducted between 2011 and 2016 to determine the prevalence of trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) and trachomatous trichiasis (TT) in all 31 endemic HDs.

Methodology/principal findings

A total of 27 cross-sectional surveys were conducted, each using two-stage cluster sampling (one survey in 2011 covered five HDs). Children aged 1-9 years and adults aged ?15 years were examined for TF and TT, respectively, using the World Health Organization (WHO) simplified grading system. Indicators of household access to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) were also collected. A total of 100,051 people from 13,725 households of 556 clusters were examined, of whom 44,899 were male and 55,152 were female. 44,209 children aged 1-9-years and 48,745 adults aged ?15 years were examined. The adjusted prevalence of TF varied between 1.0% (95%CI: 0.6-1.5%) to 41.8% (95%CI: 39.4-44.2%), while the adjusted prevalence of TT ranged from 0.0% (95%CI: 0.0-0.2%) to 2.8% (95%CI: 2.3-3.5%) in the 27 surveys. In all, 18 HDs had a TF prevalence ?5% in children aged 1-9 years and 21 HDs had a TT prevalence ?0.2% in adults aged ?15 years. There were an estimated 32,737 (95% CI: 19,986-57,811) individuals with TT living in surveyed HDs at the time of surveys.

Conclusions/significance

Trachoma is a public health problem in Guinea. 18 HDs required intervention with at least one round of mass drug administration and an estimated 32,737 persons required TT surgery in the country. The results provided clear evidence for Guinea to plan for national trachoma elimination.

SUBMITTER: Geopogui A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6013237 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Baseline trachoma prevalence in Guinea: Results of national trachoma mapping in 31 health districts.

Géopogui André A Badila Christelly Flore CF Baldé Mamadou Siradiou MS Nieba Cece C Lamah Lamine L Reid Steven D SD Yattara Mohamed Lamine ML Tougoue Jean Jacques JJ Ngondi Jeremiah J Bamba Ibrahim Foungotin IF Amon Joseph J JJ Solomon Anthony W AW Zhang Yaobi Y

PLoS neglected tropical diseases 20180611 6

<h4>Background</h4>Based on previous studies, historical records and risk factors, trachoma was suspected to be endemic in 31 health districts (HDs) in Guinea. To facilitate planning for the elimination of trachoma as a public health problem, national trachoma surveys were conducted between 2011 and 2016 to determine the prevalence of trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) and trachomatous trichiasis (TT) in all 31 endemic HDs.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>A total of 27 cross-section ...[more]

PMID: 29889826

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Project description:Blinding trachoma, caused by ocular infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, is targeted for global elimination by 2020. Knowledge of risk factors can help target control interventions.As part of a cluster randomised controlled trial, we assessed the baseline prevalence of, and risk factors for, active trachoma and ocular C. trachomatis infection in randomly selected children aged 0-5 years from 48 Gambian and 36 Tanzanian communities. Both children's eyes were examined according to the World Health Organization (WHO) simplified grading system, and an ocular swab was taken from each child's right eye and processed by Amplicor polymerase chain reaction to test for the presence of C. trachomatis DNA. Prevalence of active trachoma was 6.7% (335/5033) in The Gambia and 32.3% (1008/3122) in Tanzania. The countries' corresponding Amplicor positive prevalences were 0.8% and 21.9%. After adjustment, risk factors for follicular trachoma (TF) in both countries were ocular or nasal discharge, a low level of household head education, and being aged ? 1 year. Additional risk factors in Tanzania were flies on the child's face, being Amplicor positive, and crowding (the number of children per household). The risk factors for being Amplicor positive in Tanzania were similar to those for TF, with the exclusion of flies and crowding. In The Gambia, only ocular discharge was associated with being Amplicor positive.These results indicate that although the prevalence of active trachoma and Amplicor positives were very different between the two countries, the risk factors for active trachoma were similar but those for being Amplicor positive were different. The lack of an association between being Amplicor positive and TF in The Gambia highlights the poor correlation between the presence of trachoma clinical signs and evidence of C. trachomatis infection in this setting. Only ocular discharge was associated with evidence of C. trachomatis DNA in The Gambia, suggesting that at this low endemicity, this may be the most important risk factor.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00792922.

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Dataset Information

Baseline trachoma prevalence in Guinea: Results of national trachoma mapping in 31 health districts.

Background

Methodology/principal findings

Conclusions/significance

Publications

Baseline trachoma prevalence in Guinea: Results of national trachoma mapping in 31 health districts.

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