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Cryptic species of Curvularia in the culture collection of the Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium.

ABSTRACT: Several unidentified specimens of Curvularia deposited in the Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium were re-examined. Phylogenetic analyses based on sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer region, partial fragments of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and the translation elongation factor 1-? genes, supported the introduction of 13 novel Curvularia species. Eight of the species described, namely, C. beasleyisp. nov., C. beerburrumensissp. nov., C. eragrosticolasp. nov., C. kenpeggiisp. nov., C. mebaldsiisp. nov., C. petersoniisp. nov., C. platziisp. nov. and C. warraberensissp. nov., were isolated from grasses (Poaceae) exotic to Australia. Only two species, C. lamingtonensissp. nov. and C. sporobolicolasp. nov., were described from native Australian grasses. Two species were described from hosts in other families, namely, C. coatesiaesp. nov. from Litchi chinensis (Sapindaceae) and C. colbraniisp. nov. from Crinum zeylanicum (Amaryllidaceae). Curvularia reesiisp. nov. was described from an isolate obtained from an air sample. Furthermore, DNA sequences from ex-type cultures supported the generic placement of C. neoindica and the transfer of Drechslera boeremae to Curvularia.

SUBMITTER: Tan YP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6015126 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cryptic species of Curvularia in the culture collection of the Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium.

Tan Yu Pei YP Crous Pedro W PW Shivas Roger G RG

MycoKeys 20180615 35

Several unidentified specimens of Curvularia deposited in the Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium were re-examined. Phylogenetic analyses based on sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer region, partial fragments of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and the translation elongation factor 1-α genes, supported the introduction of 13 novel Curvularia species. Eight of the species described, namely, C. beasleyisp. nov., C. beerburrumensissp. ...[more]

PMID: 29942174

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Project description:Background and aimsHerbaria were recently advertised as reliable sources of information regarding historical changes in plant traits and biotic interactions. To justify the use of herbaria in global change research, we asked whether the characteristics of herbarium specimens have changed during the past centuries and whether these changes were due to shifts in plant collection practices.MethodsWe measured nine characteristics from 515 herbarium specimens of common European trees and large shrubs collected from 1558 to 2016. We asked botanists to rank these specimens by their scientific quality, and asked artists to rank these specimens by their beauty.Key resultsEight of 11 assessed characteristics of herbarium specimens changed significantly during the study period. The average number of leaves in plant specimens increased 3-fold, whereas the quality of specimen preparation decreased. Leaf size negatively correlated with leaf number in specimens in both among-species and within-species analyses. The proportion of herbarium sheets containing plant reproductive structures peaked in the 1850s. The scientific value of herbarium specimens increased until the 1700s, but then did not change, whereas their aesthetic value showed no systematic trends.ConclusionsOur findings strongly support the hypothesis that many characteristics of herbarium specimens have changed systematically and substantially from the 16th to 21st centuries due to changes in plant collection and preservation practices. These changes may both create patterns which could be erroneously attributed to environmental changes and obscure historical trends in plant traits. The utmost care ought to be taken to guard against the possibility of misinterpretation of data obtained from herbarium specimens. We recommend that directional changes in characters of herbarium specimens which occurred during the past 150‒200 years, primarily in specimen size and in the presence of reproductive structures, are accounted for when searching for the effects of past environmental changes on plant traits.

Dataset Information

Cryptic species of Curvularia in the culture collection of the Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium.

Publications

Cryptic species of <i>Curvularia</i> in the culture collection of the Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium.

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