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Overexpression of lily HsfA3s in Arabidopsis confers increased thermotolerance and salt sensitivity via alterations in proline catabolism.

ABSTRACT: Although HsfA3 (heat-stress transcription factor A3) is well characterized in heat stress, its roles in other abiotic stresses are less clear. In this study, we isolated two homologous HsfA3 genes, LlHsfA3A and LlHsfA3B, from lily (Lilium longiflorum). Both genes were induced by heat stress, but not by salt stress. Overexpressing LlHsfA3A in Arabidopsis enhanced its basal and acquired thermotolerance, while overexpressing LlHsfA3B just enhanced its acquired thermotolerance. In both cases, overexpressing plants showed hypersensitivity to salt stress, and a lack of sucrose exacerbated this salt sensitivity. Using a transient assay, the opposite effects were observed in lily. Further analysis revealed that either LlHsfA3A or LlHsfA3B overexpression altered normal proline accumulation. During heat treatments, proline increased in wild-type Arabidopsis plants, but no such increase was detected in transgenic plants that showed better basal or acquired thermotolerance. Under salt stress, proline accumulation was decreased in Arabidopsis and lily with the overexpression of LlHsfA3A or LlHsfA3B. Proline catabolism was activated by overexpression, and both LlHsfA3A and LlHsfA3B affected proline oxidation via regulation of AtbZIP11, AtbZIP44, and AtbZIP53 to activate AtproDH1 and AtproDH2 in transgenic Arabidopsis. Taken together, our results suggested that overexpression of LlHsfA3A or LlHsfA3B caused opposite effects on heat and salt tolerance, which may implicate proline catabolism.

SUBMITTER: Wu Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6018920 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Salt stress is one of the major devastating factors affecting the growth and yield of almost all crops, including the crucial staple food crop sweet potato. To understand their molecular responses to salt stress, comparative transcriptome and proteome analysis of salt-tolerant cultivar Xushu 22 and salt-sensitive cultivar Xushu 32 were investigated. The results showed the two genotypes had distinct differences at the transcription level and translation level even without salt stress, while inconsistent expression between the transcriptome and proteome data was observed. A total of 16,396 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 727 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified. Wherein, 1,764 DEGs and 93 DEPs were specifically expressed in the tolerant genotype. Furthermore, the results revealed that the significantly upregulated genes were mainly related to the regulation of ion accumulation, stress signaling, transcriptional regulation, redox reactions, plant hormone signal transduction, and secondary metabolite accumulation, which may be involved in the response of sweet potato to salt stress and/or may determine the salt tolerance difference between the two genotypes. In addition, 1,618 differentially expressed regulatory genes were identified, including bZIP, bHLH, ERF, MYB, NAC, and WRKY. Strikingly, transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing IbNAC7 displayed enhanced salt tolerance compared to WT plants, and higher catalase (CAT) activity, chlorophyll and proline contents, and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation were detected in transgenic plants compared with that of WT under salt stress. Furthermore, RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analysis displayed that the expression of many stress-related genes was upregulated in transgenic plants. Collectively, these findings provide revealing insights into sweet potato molecular response to salt stress and underlie the complex salt tolerance mechanisms between genotypes, and IbNAC7 was shown as a promising candidate gene to enhance salt tolerance of sweet potato.

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Overexpression of lily HsfA3s in Arabidopsis confers increased thermotolerance and salt sensitivity via alterations in proline catabolism.

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