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Replacing sedentary time with physical activity or sleep: effects on cancer-related cognitive impairment in breast cancer survivors.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Evidence suggests reallocating daily sedentary time to physical activity or sleep confers important health benefits in cancer survivors. Despite emerging research suggesting physical activity as a treatment for cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), little is known about the interactive effects of behaviors across the 24-h period. The present purpose was to examine the cognitive effects of reallocating sedentary time to light-intensity physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), or sleep in breast cancer survivors. METHODS:Breast cancer survivors (N?=?271, Mage?=?57.81?±?9.50 years) completed iPad-based questionnaires and cognitive tasks assessing demographics, health history, executive function, and processing speed (Task-Switch, Trail Making). Participants wore an accelerometer for seven consecutive days to measure their sedentary, physical activity, and sleep behaviors. Single effects (each behavior individually) and partition (controlling for other behaviors) models were used to examine associations among behaviors and cognitive performance. Isotemporal substitution models were used to test the cognitive effects of substituting 30 min of sedentary time with 30 min of light-intensity activity, MVPA, and sleep. RESULTS:MVPA was associated with faster Task-switch reaction time in the partition models (stay: B?=?-?35.31, p?=?0.02; switch: B?=?-?48.24, p?=?0.004). Replacing 30 min of sedentary time with 30 min of MVPA yielded faster reaction times on Task-Switch stay (B?=?-?29.37, p?=?0.04) and switch (B?=?-?39.49, p?=?0.02) trials. In Trails A single effects models, sedentary behavior was associated with faster completion (B?=?-?0.97, p?=?0.03) and light-intensity activity with slower completion (B?=?1.25, p?=?0.006). No single effects were observed relative to Trails B completion (all p?>?0.05). Only the effect of MVPA was significant in the partition models (Trails A: B?=?-?3.55, p?=?0.03; Trails B: B?=?-?4.46, p?=?0.049). Replacing sedentary time with light-intensity activity was associated with slower Trails A (B?=?1.55 p?=?0.002) and Trails B (B?=?1.69, p?=?0.02) completion. Replacing light activity with MVPA yielded faster Trails A (B?=?-?4.35, p?=?0.02) and Trails B (B?=?-?5.23, p?=?0.03) completion. CONCLUSIONS:Findings support previous research suggesting MVPA may be needed to improve cognitive function in breast cancer survivors. Trails findings underscore the need to dissect sedentary contexts to better understand the impact of daily behavioral patterns on CRCI. Additional research investigating the cognitive impacts of behaviors across the 24-h period is warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION:This study is registered with United States ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT02523677 ; 8/14/2015).

SUBMITTER: Ehlers DK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6019533 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Replacing sedentary time with physical activity or sleep: effects on cancer-related cognitive impairment in breast cancer survivors.

Ehlers Diane K DK Fanning Jason J Salerno Elizabeth A EA Aguiñaga Susan S Cosman Josh J Severson Joan J Kramer Arthur F AF McAuley Edward E

BMC cancer 20180625 1

<h4>Background</h4>Evidence suggests reallocating daily sedentary time to physical activity or sleep confers important health benefits in cancer survivors. Despite emerging research suggesting physical activity as a treatment for cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), little is known about the interactive effects of behaviors across the 24-h period. The present purpose was to examine the cognitive effects of reallocating sedentary time to light-intensity physical activity, moderate-to-vigor ...[more]

PMID: 29940894

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Project description:Recent attention has highlighted the importance of reducing sedentary time for maintaining health and quality of life. However, it is unclear how changing sedentary behavior may influence executive functions and self-regulatory strategy use, which are vital for the long-term maintenance of a health behavior regimen. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to examine the estimated self-regulatory and executive functioning effects of substituting 30 min of sedentary behavior with 30 min of light activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), or sleep in a sample of older adults. This study reports baseline data collected from low-active healthy older adults (N = 247, mean age 65.4 ± 4.6 years) recruited to participate in a 6 month randomized controlled exercise trial examining the effects of various modes of exercise on brain health and function. Each participant completed assessments of physical activity self-regulatory strategy use (i.e., self-monitoring, goal-setting, social support, reinforcement, time management, and relapse prevention) and executive functioning. Physical activity and sedentary behaviors were measured using accelerometers during waking hours for seven consecutive days at each time point. Isotemporal substitution analyses were conducted to examine the effect on self-regulation and executive functioning should an individual substitute sedentary time with light activity, MVPA, or sleep. The substitution of sedentary time with both sleep and MVPA influenced both self-regulatory strategy use and executive functioning. Sleep was associated with greater self-monitoring (B = .23, p = .02), goal-setting (B = .32, p < .01), and social support (B = .18, p = .01) behaviors. Substitution of sedentary time with MVPA was associated with higher accuracy on 2-item (B = .03, p = .01) and 3-item (B = .02, p = .04) spatial working memory tasks, and with faster reaction times on single (B = -23.12, p = .03) and mixed-repeated task-switching blocks (B = -27.06, p = .04). Substitution of sedentary time with sleep was associated with marginally faster reaction time on mixed-repeated task-switching blocks (B = -12.20, p = .07) and faster reaction time on mixed-switch blocks (B = 17.21, p = .05), as well as reduced global reaction time switch cost (B = -16.86, p = .01). Substitution for light intensity physical activity did not produce significant effects. By replacing sedentary time with sleep and MVPA, individuals may bolster several important domains of self-regulatory behavior and executive functioning. This has important implications for the design of long-lasting health behavior interventions. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT00438347.

Project description:BackgroundThe purpose was to prospectively examine the effects of sedentary behaviors on subjective memory impairment in breast cancer survivors (BCS) and the extent to which sleep disturbances mediated this pathway.MethodsBCS (N = 380; Mage = 57.38 ± 9.25 years) completed questionnaires assessing demographics, health history, sitting behaviors, sleep disturbance, subjective memory impairment, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) at baseline and 6-month follow-up. A subsample (N = 300) wore an accelerometer to objectively estimate sedentary time and MVPA. Structural equation modeling was used to test direct and indirect effects of self-reported and objectively estimated sedentary behaviors on memory impairment (through sleep disturbance) across time. Models were adjusted for demographic, clinical, and MVPA covariates.ResultsAt baseline, more total daily sitting (γ = 0.23), occupational sitting (γ = 0.11), television viewing (γ = 0.15), and computer use (γ = 0.22) were associated with greater sleep disturbance, which was associated with greater memory impairment (γ = -0.22). Indirect effects of self-reported sitting on memory were significant. At follow-up, increased total daily sitting (γ = 0.08) and computer use (γ = 0.14) predicted increased sleep disturbance, which predicted increased memory impairment (γ = -0.09). The indirect path from increased computer use to memory impairment was significant (β = -0.01). In the accelerometer subsample, greater daily sedentary time at baseline was associated with less sleep disturbance (γ = -0.14) and memory impairment (indirect effect: β = 0.03).ConclusionsFindings provide early evidence that sedentary contexts may differentially influence sleep disturbance and memory impairment in BCS. Computer use and television viewing may pose the strongest risks to cognitive health. Disparate findings between objective and subjective sedentary measures warrant further research.

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Replacing sedentary time with physical activity or sleep: effects on cancer-related cognitive impairment in breast cancer survivors.

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Replacing sedentary time with physical activity or sleep: effects on cancer-related cognitive impairment in breast cancer survivors.

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