Dataset Information

Methodological quality of teaching communication skills to undergraduate medical students: a mapping review.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Patient-clinician communication training is a core component of the undergraduate medical program. As with all areas of medicine, the best available evidence for teaching these skills should be incorporated into training programs. Examining the volume, type and design-quality of publications in this field can help to determine whether research is following a natural scientific progression to inform interactional skills training. This study aimed to review: (i) whether the proportion of publications examining teaching interactional skills to undergraduate medical students by study type, across three time-periods (2007-2008, 2011-2012, 2015-2016), changed over time (i.e. measurement, descriptive or interventions studies); and (ii) the proportion of intervention studies meeting Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care (EPOC) research design criteria.

Methods

Medline, PubMed, PsycInfo and the Cochrane Database were searched for studies published in English from 2007 to 2016. Title and abstract reviews were performed for the included years. Articles were examined against the inclusion/exclusion criteria and those included were coded into descriptive, measurement or intervention categories.

Results

A total of 243 relevant publications were identified. Fifty-two were published from 2007 to 2008, 75 from 2011 to 2012 and 116 from 2015 to 2016. Most identified studies were descriptive (63%), followed by measurement studies (22%) and intervention studies (15%). The proportion of descriptive studies increased significantly over time. However, the proportion of intervention studies did not change and the proportion of measures studies significantly decreased. Of the 37 intervention studies identified within the three time-periods, only 16 (43%) met EPOC study design criteria.

Conclusions

The largest proportion of identified studies were descriptive, however, descriptive research is not sufficient to ensure communication skills training can effectively improve interactions between clinicians and patients. A more rigorous approach to research in this area is needed to inform education strategies.

SUBMITTER: Sanson-Fisher R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6020352 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Methodological quality of teaching communication skills to undergraduate medical students: a mapping review.

Sanson-Fisher Rob R Hobden Breanne B Waller Amy A Dodd Natalie N Boyd Lucy L

BMC medical education 20180627 1

<h4>Background</h4>Patient-clinician communication training is a core component of the undergraduate medical program. As with all areas of medicine, the best available evidence for teaching these skills should be incorporated into training programs. Examining the volume, type and design-quality of publications in this field can help to determine whether research is following a natural scientific progression to inform interactional skills training. This study aimed to review: (i) whether the prop ...[more]

PMID: 29945587

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Project description:Current evidence indicates that undergraduate medical students display deficits in musculoskeletal physical examination skills (MPES). While various instructional methods are recommended for teaching clinical skills, effective methods for teaching MPES have not been established. This study compared the effectiveness of a multimodal teaching approach incorporating video-based learning, interactive small-group teaching, hands-on practicing, peer-assisted learning, formative assessment, and constructive feedback with traditional bedside teaching in developing undergraduate orthopedic MPES. Participants were 151 fifth-year medical students divided into two groups. One group received multimodal teaching, and the other received traditional bedside teaching. In both groups, the participants learned how to physically examine the knee and shoulder. The primary outcome was objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) scores, while the secondary outcomes included teaching sessions' total durations, facilitator's demonstration time, participants' practice time, and proportion of students with passing checklist scores and global ratings-based assessments for the two teaching approaches. The multimodal teaching group had significantly higher OSCE scores (checklist scores, global ratings, and passing rates; p = 0.02, 0.02, 0.01, respectively) than the comparison group. Individual OSCE component assessments showed significant improvements in the special musculoskeletal physical examination test. The overall duration and amount of participants' hands-on time were significantly longer for the multimodal than for the traditional bedside teaching group (p = 0.01 and 0.01, respectively), and the facilitator's demonstration time was significantly shorter (p = 0.01). The multimodal learner-centered teaching approach evaluated in this study was effective for teaching MPES. It appeared to maximize learner engagement through enhancing interactions and providing increased time to engage in hands-on practice. This teaching approach improved MPES levels, maximized teaching efficiency for scenarios with limited instruction time and resources, and enhanced competency of undergraduate medical students in performing special musculoskeletal physical examinations compared to traditional bedside teaching.

Project description:ObjectivesTo evaluate the impact and transferability of a novel teaching method on virtual communication skills for final year medical students.DesignMixed-methods, interventional before-and-after study.SettingNHS Lanarkshire, Scotland.Participants21 final year medical students on their obstetrics and gynaecology (O&G) placement from September to December 2020.InterventionsA two-part teaching session on virtual communication skills.Main outcome measuresSelf-reported confidence in conducting consultations preteaching and post-teaching, exposure to virtual consultations, usefulness of teaching and transferability to primary care. Data were collected using preteaching and post-teaching evaluation tools and an online survey.ResultsOf 21 participants, 1 student did not attend the second session so was excluded from post-teaching evaluation results and the online survey. Preteaching results were collected from 21 participants and post-teaching results from 20. Mean confidence scores increased across all domains post-teaching. Mean confidence in opening the consultation increased from 2.67 (95% CI 2.21 to 3.13) to 4.70 (95% CI 4.50 to 4.90); history-taking from 3.38 (95% CI 3.07 to 3.69) to 4.45 (95% CI 4.19 to 4.71); decision-making and forming a management plan from 2.62 (95% CI 2.28 to 2.96) to 3.90 (95% CI 3.66 to 4.14) and closing the consultation from 2.81 (95% CI 2.45 to 3.17) to 4.60 (95% CI 4.38 to 4.81). There was no change in exposure to virtual consultations during O&G placement. 16 (80%) participants responded to the online survey; 14 (87.5%) rated the sessions 'very useful' and all 16 considered them worthwhile continuing. 12 (75%) had the opportunity to practise virtual consultations on general practitioner, mostly via telephone.ConclusionsWe found that teaching students virtual consultation skills improved short term confidence and were transferable to primary care placements. Future research is suggested to assess this teaching model following adaptation and incorporation into medical education and training across specialties and grades. It would be useful to evaluate the impact on competence post intervention through observed skills.

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Dataset Information

Methodological quality of teaching communication skills to undergraduate medical students: a mapping review.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Methodological quality of teaching communication skills to undergraduate medical students: a mapping review.

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