Dataset Information

Predictors of the Healthy Eating Index and Glycemic Index in Multi-Ethnic Colorectal Cancer Families.

ABSTRACT: For personalized nutrition in preparation for precision healthcare, we examined the predictors of healthy eating, using the healthy eating index (HEI) and glycemic index (GI), in family-based multi-ethnic colorectal cancer (CRC) families. A total of 106 participants, 53 CRC cases and 53 family members from multi-ethnic families participated in the study. Machine learning validation procedures, including the ensemble method and generalized regression prediction, Elastic Net with Akaike's Information Criterion with correction and Leave-One-Out cross validation methods, were applied to validate the results for enhanced prediction and reproducibility. Models were compared based on HEI scales for the scores of 77 versus 80 as the status of healthy eating, predicted from individual dietary parameters and health outcomes. Gender and CRC status were interactive as additional predictors of HEI based on the HEI score of 77. Predictors of HEI 80 as the criterion score of a good diet included five significant dietary parameters (with intake amount): whole fruit (1 cup), milk or milk alternative such as soy drinks (6 oz), whole grain (1 oz), saturated fat (15 g), and oil and nuts (1 oz). Compared to the GI models, HEI models presented more accurate and fitted models. Milk or a milk alternative such as soy drink (6 oz) is the common significant parameter across HEI and GI predictive models. These results point to the importance of healthy eating, with the appropriate amount of healthy foods, as modifiable factors for cancer prevention.

SUBMITTER: Shiao SPK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6024360 | biostudies-literature | 2018 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Predictors of the Healthy Eating Index and Glycemic Index in Multi-Ethnic Colorectal Cancer Families.

Shiao S Pamela K SPK Grayson James J Lie Amanda A Yu Chong Ho CH

Nutrients 20180526 6

For personalized nutrition in preparation for precision healthcare, we examined the predictors of healthy eating, using the healthy eating index (HEI) and glycemic index (GI), in family-based multi-ethnic colorectal cancer (CRC) families. A total of 106 participants, 53 CRC cases and 53 family members from multi-ethnic families participated in the study. Machine learning validation procedures, including the ensemble method and generalized regression prediction, Elastic Net with Akaike's Informat ...[more]

PMID: 29861441

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Rigorous evidence is needed regarding the best approach for increasing the uptake of Diabetes Canada's evidence-based recommendations to include low-glycemic index (GI) foods in daily meal planning as an effective dietary self-care strategy for glycemic control among people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). OBJECTIVE:This study aims to present the study design and baseline data from the Healthy Eating and Active Living for Diabetes-Glycemic Index (HEALD-GI) trial, which was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of an enhanced GI-targeted nutrition education on GI-related knowledge and mean daily GI among adults with T2D in Edmonton, Alberta. METHODS:We used a pragmatic randomized controlled trial design and allocated 67 adults (aged ≥18 years) with T2D living in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, to a control group that received standard printed copies of Canada's Food Guide and Diabetes Canada's GI resources or to an intervention group that received the same materials, plus a customized Web-based platform with 6 self-directed learning modules and print material. Each module included videos, links to reliable websites, chat rooms, and quizzes. Evidence-based GI concept information included GI values of foods and low-GI shopping, recipes, and cooking tips by a registered dietitian. In addition, support through email, text messaging (short message service), phone calls, or postal mail was provided to reinforce participants' learning. The primary outcome, average dietary GI, was assessed using 3-day food records. Additional measures including GI knowledge and self-efficacy, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipids, systolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI; weight, height), waist circumference, and computer proficiency were assessed at baseline and at 3-month postintervention. RESULTS:Between November 2017 and February 2018, we contacted adults (aged ≥18 years) with T2D living in Edmonton, Alberta, screened and recruited eligible participants into the study. All data collection ended in June 2018. Overall, 64% (43/67) participants were males; mean age was 69.5 (SD 9.3) years, with a mean diabetes duration of 19.0 (SD 13.7) years. Mean BMI was 30.1 (SD 5.7) kg/m2, and mean HbA1c value was 7.1% (SD 1.2%). Data analysis was completed in December 2018. CONCLUSIONS:The GI concept is often difficult to teach. The HEALD-GI study aims to provide evidence in support of an alternative approach to translating the GI concept to adults with T2D. Findings from this study may help registered dietitians to better disseminate low-GI dietary recommendations using efficient and cost-effective, patient-centered approaches. Furthermore, evidence generated will contribute to addressing some of the controversies regarding the clinical usefulness of the GI concept. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID):DERR1-10.2196/11707.

Project description:BackgroundThe overall dietary quality, as well as the dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC), deserves central attention in the management of borderline high glucose levels since nonpharmacological strategies are imperative in this regard. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between prediabetes with dietary quality and DTAC.MethodsA case-control study was conducted on 49 patients with prediabetes and 98 controls. Demographics, anthropometric measures, and fasting blood glucose levels of all participants were obtained. Participants completed a validated 80-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). DTAC scores were generated using FFQ data, and Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) was used as a diet quality index. The lowest tertile of HEI-2015 and DTAC was considered as the reference category, and logistic regression was used to estimate the relationship between prediabetes with HEI-215 and DTAC.ResultsMean age and body mass index of participants were 47.42 ± 15.98 years and 27.90 ± 4.96 kg/m2. Patients with prediabetes had lower DTAC scores when compared to controls (11.86 ± 5.77 and 17.81 ± 12.08, P = 0.01). There was a significant inverse association between the highest tertile of the DTAC score when compared with the lowest tertile in crude (OR = 0.11; 95% CI: 0.03-0.43), age-adjusted (OR = 0.13; 95% CI: 0.03-0.48), and fully adjusted (OR = 0.09; 95% CI: 0.02-0.53) models. In contrast, there was no difference between HEI-2015 in patients with prediabetes when compared to controls (74.41 ± 8.91 and 74.41 ± 9.35, respectively; P = 0.85). Correspondingly, no difference was observed between the highest tertile of the HEI-2015 score when compared with the lowest tertile in crude (OR = 1.23; 95% CI: 0.53-2.86), age-adjusted (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 0.48-2.82), and fully adjusted (OR = 1.53; 95% CI: 0.56-4.16) models.ConclusionThis study demonstrates a clear association between prediabetes with less DTAC, but not with HEI-2015.

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Dataset Information

Predictors of the Healthy Eating Index and Glycemic Index in Multi-Ethnic Colorectal Cancer Families.

Publications

Predictors of the Healthy Eating Index and Glycemic Index in Multi-Ethnic Colorectal Cancer Families.

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