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Development of a tool predicting severity of allergic reaction during peanut challenge.


ABSTRACT:

Background

Reliable prognostic markers for predicting severity of allergic reactions during oral food challenges (OFCs) have not been established.

Objective

To develop a predictive algorithm of a food challenge severity score (CSS) to identify those at higher risk for severe reactions to a standardized peanut OFC.

Methods

Medical history and allergy test results were obtained for 120 peanut allergic participants who underwent double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges. Reactions were assigned a CSS between 1 and 6 based on cumulative tolerated dose and a severity clinical indicator. Demographic characteristics, clinical features, peanut component IgE values, and a basophil activation marker were considered in a multistep analysis to derive a flexible decision rule to understand risk during peanut of OFC.

Results

A total of 18.3% participants had a severe reaction (CSS >4). The decision rule identified the following 3 variables (in order of importance) as predictors of reaction severity: ratio of percentage of CD63hi stimulation with peanut to percentage of CD63hi anti-IgE (CD63 ratio), history of exercise-induced asthma, and ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) ratio. The CD63 ratio alone was a strong predictor of CSS (P < .001).

Conclusion

The CSS is a novel tool that combines dose thresholds and allergic reactions to understand risks associated with peanut OFCs. Laboratory values (CD63 ratio), along with clinical variables (exercise-induced asthma and FEV1/FVC ratio) contribute to the predictive ability of the severity of reaction to peanut OFCs. Further testing of this decision rule is needed in a larger external data source before it can be considered outside research settings.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02103270.

SUBMITTER: Chinthrajah RS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6026554 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Development of a tool predicting severity of allergic reaction during peanut challenge.

Chinthrajah R Sharon RS   Purington Natasha N   Andorf Sandra S   Rosa Jaime S JS   Mukai Kaori K   Hamilton Robert R   Smith Bridget Marie BM   Gupta Ruchi R   Galli Stephen J SJ   Desai Manisha M   Nadeau Kari C KC  

Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology 20180427 1


<h4>Background</h4>Reliable prognostic markers for predicting severity of allergic reactions during oral food challenges (OFCs) have not been established.<h4>Objective</h4>To develop a predictive algorithm of a food challenge severity score (CSS) to identify those at higher risk for severe reactions to a standardized peanut OFC.<h4>Methods</h4>Medical history and allergy test results were obtained for 120 peanut allergic participants who underwent double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges  ...[more]

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