Dataset Information

Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal That Nitrate Strongly Promotes Nitrogen and Carbon Metabolism in Soybean Roots, but Tends to Repress It in Nodules.

ABSTRACT: Leguminous plants form root nodules with rhizobia that fix atmospheric dinitrogen (N?) for the nitrogen (N) nutrient. Combined nitrogen sources, particular nitrate, severely repress nodule growth and nitrogen fixation activity in soybeans (Glycine max [L.] Merr.). A microarray-based transcriptome analysis and the metabolome analysis were carried out for the roots and nodules of hydroponically grown soybean plants treated with 5 mM of nitrate for 24 h and compared with control without nitrate. Gene expression ratios of nitrate vs. the control were highly enhanced for those probesets related to nitrate transport and assimilation and carbon metabolism in the roots, but much less so in the nodules, except for the nitrate transport and asparagine synthetase. From the metabolome analysis, the concentration ratios of metabolites for the nitrate treatment vs. the control indicated that most of the amino acids, phosphorous-compounds and organic acids in roots were increased about twofold in the roots, whereas in the nodules most of the concentrations of the amino acids, P-compounds and organic acids were decreased while asparagine increased exceptionally. These results may support the hypothesis that nitrate primarily promotes nitrogen and carbon metabolism in the roots, but mainly represses this metabolism in the nodules.

SUBMITTER: Ishikawa S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6027490 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal That Nitrate Strongly Promotes Nitrogen and Carbon Metabolism in Soybean Roots, but Tends to Repress It in Nodules.

Ishikawa Shinji S Ono Yuki Y Ohtake Norikuni N Sueyoshi Kuni K Tanabata Sayuri S Ohyama Takuji T

Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 20180412 2

Leguminous plants form root nodules with rhizobia that fix atmospheric dinitrogen (N₂) for the nitrogen (N) nutrient. Combined nitrogen sources, particular nitrate, severely repress nodule growth and nitrogen fixation activity in soybeans (<i>Glycine max</i> [L.] Merr.). A microarray-based transcriptome analysis and the metabolome analysis were carried out for the roots and nodules of hydroponically grown soybean plants treated with 5 mM of nitrate for 24 h and compared with control without nitr ...[more]

PMID: 29649183

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Project description:Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a key process for the N input in agriculture, with outstanding economic and environmental benefits from the replacement of chemical fertilizers. However, not all symbioses are equally effective in fixing N2, and a major example relies on the high contribution associated with the soybean (Glycine max), contrasting with the low rates reported with the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) crop worldwide. Understanding these differences represents a major challenge that can help to design strategies to increase the contribution of BNF, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) analyses of the nodule and root microbiomes may bring new insights to explain differential symbiotic performances. In this study, three treatments evaluated in non-sterile soil conditions were investigated in both legumes: (i) non-inoculated control; (ii) inoculated with host-compatible rhizobia; and (iii) co-inoculated with host-compatible rhizobia and Azospirillum brasilense. In the more efficient and specific symbiosis with soybean, Bradyrhizobium presented a high abundance in nodules, with further increases with inoculation. Contrarily, the abundance of the main Rhizobium symbiont was lower in common bean nodules and did not increase with inoculation, which may explain the often-reported lack of response of this legume to inoculation with elite strains. Co-inoculation with Azospirillum decreased the abundance of the host-compatible rhizobia in nodules, probably because of competitiveness among the species at the rhizosphere, but increased in root microbiomes. The results showed that several other bacteria compose the nodule microbiomes of both legumes, including nitrogen-fixing, growth-promoters, and biocontrol agents, whose contribution to plant growth deserves further investigation. Several genera of bacteria were detected in root microbiomes, and this microbial community might contribute to plant growth through a variety of microbial processes. However, massive inoculation with elite strains should be better investigated, as it may affect the root microbiome, verified by both relative abundance and diversity indices, that might impact the contribution of microbial processes to plant growth.

Dataset Information

Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal That Nitrate Strongly Promotes Nitrogen and Carbon Metabolism in Soybean Roots, but Tends to Repress It in Nodules.

Publications

Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal That Nitrate Strongly Promotes Nitrogen and Carbon Metabolism in Soybean Roots, but Tends to Repress It in Nodules.

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