Dataset Information

Organ-Specific Phytochemical Profiling and Antioxidant Analysis of Parthenium hysterophorus L.

ABSTRACT: Parthenium hysterophorus is a weed of global concern with high threshold of tolerance against most of biotic and abiotic stresses. Phytochemical profile and in vitro antioxidant analysis may help in understanding its tolerance to stresses. Root, stem, leaf, phyllary, and receptacle (including disc and ray florets) were chemotyped employing GC tof-MS and assessed for antioxidant activity by DPPH, FRAP, HRSA, and TAC assays. Phytochemicals identified were terpenes, fatty acids, hydrocarbons, phytosterols, and compounds of miscellaneous chemical nature. Organ-specific maximum concentration of metabolite was ?-vatirenene (root), hexadecanoic acid methylester (stem), aristolene epoxide (leaf), hexadecanoic acid methylester (phyllary), and hexadecanoic acid methylester (receptacle). Identified metabolites could be associated with stress tolerance mechanisms, basic metabolism, and allelopathy, etc. Root extracts showed highest antioxidant potential followed by receptacle. It can be concluded that diverse and unique phytochemical profile and great antioxidant potential make P. hysterophorus stress-tolerant, hence a weed of global habitat.

SUBMITTER: Ahmad J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6031210 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Organ-Specific Phytochemical Profiling and Antioxidant Analysis of <i>Parthenium hysterophorus</i> L.

Ahmad Javed J Bagheri Rita R Bashir Humayra H Baig M Affan MA Al-Huqail Asma A Ibrahim Mohamed M MM Qureshi M Irfan MI

BioMed research international 20180620

<i>Parthenium hysterophorus</i> is a weed of global concern with high threshold of tolerance against most of biotic and abiotic stresses. Phytochemical profile and in vitro antioxidant analysis may help in understanding its tolerance to stresses. Root, stem, leaf, phyllary, and receptacle (including disc and ray florets) were chemotyped employing GC tof-MS and assessed for antioxidant activity by DPPH, FRAP, HRSA, and TAC assays. Phytochemicals identified were terpenes, fatty acids, hydrocarbons ...[more]

PMID: 30027101

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Project description:Parthenium hysterophorus is a plant that tolerates drought and salinity to an extremely high degree. Higher expression of stress-responsive proteome contributes for greater defence against abiotic stresses. Thus, P. hysterophorus could be a rich source of genes that encode stress-imparting mechanisms and systems. The present study utilizes comparative physiological and proteomic approaches for identification of key proteins involved in stress-defence of P. hysterophorus. Thirty-days-old plants were exposed to drought (10% PEG 6000) and salinity (160 mM NaCl) for 10 days duration. Both stresses induced oxidative stress estimated in terms of TBARS and H2O2. Levels of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were elevated, more by drought than salinity. Particularly, SOD, GR, CAT and GST proved to be assisting as very commendable defence under drought, as well as salinity. Levels of ascorbate, glutathione and proline were also increased by both stresses, more in response to drought. Comparative proteomics analysis revealed a significant change in relative abundance of 72 proteins under drought and salinity. Drought and salinity increased abundance of 45 and 41 proteins and decreased abundance of 24 and 26 proteins, respectively. Drought and salinity increased and decreased abundance of 31 and 18 proteins, respectively. The functions of identified proteins included those related to defence response (26%), signal transduction (13%), transcription and translation (10%), growth and development (8.5%), photosynthesis (8.5%), metabolism (7%), terpenoid biosynthesis (5.5%), protein modification and transport (7%), oxido-reductase (4%) and Miscellaneous (11%). Among the defence related proteins, antioxidants and HSPs constituted 26% and 21%, respectively. Present study suggests a potential role of defence proteins. Proteins involved in molecular stabilization, formation of osmolytes and wax and contributing to stress-avoiding anatomical features emerged as key and complex mechanisms for imparting stress tolerance to P. hysterophorus.

Project description:Parthenium weed poses significant threats to cropping systems, socioeconomic structures, and native ecosystems. The pronounced impact is primarily attributed to its rapid and efficient invasion mechanism. Despite that the detrimental effects of Parthenium weed are widely acknowledged, an in-depth scientific comprehension of its invasion mechanism, particularly regarding modifications in structural and functional attributes under natural conditions, is still lacking. To bridge this knowledge gap and formulate effective strategies for alleviating the adverse consequences of Parthenium weed, a study was conducted in the more cultivated and densely populated areas of Punjab, Pakistan. This study was focused on fifteen distinct populations of the star weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) to investigate the factors contributing to its widespread distribution in diverse environmental conditions. The results revealed significant variations in growth performance, physiological traits, and internal structures among populations from different habitats. The populations from wastelands exhibited superior growth, with higher accumulation of soluble proteins (TSP) and chlorophyll content (Chl a&b, TChl, Car, and Chl a/b). These populations displayed increased root and stem area, storage parenchyma, vascular bundle area, metaxylem area, and phloem area. Significant leaf modifications included thicker leaves, sclarification around vascular bundles, and widened metaxylem vessels. Roadside populations possessed larger leaf area, enhanced antioxidant activity, increased thickness of leaves in terms of midrib and lamina, and a higher cortical proportion. Populations found in agricultural fields depicted enhanced shoot biomass production, higher levels of chlorophyll b, and an increased total chlorophyll/carotenoid ratio. Additionally, they exhibited increased phloem area in their roots, stems, and leaves, with a thick epidermis only in the stem. All these outcomes of the study revealed explicit structural and functional modifications among P. hysterophorus populations collected from different habitats. These variations were attributed to the environmental variability and could contribute to the widespread distribution of this species. Notably, these findings hold practical significance for agronomists and ecologists, offering valuable insights for the future management of Parthenium weed in novel environments and contributing to the stability of ecosystems.

Project description:Parthenium hysterophorus L., as an invasive plant, has negatively impacted the ecosystem functioning and stability of the terrestrial ecosystem in China. However, little information was available for its effects on microorganisms in the Yellow River Delta (YRD), the biggest newly-formed wetland in China. In the present study, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to obtain the bacterial community in soils and roots of different plant species, including P. hysterophorus and some native ones in the YRD. Our results showed that the Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Gemmatimonadota, and Actinobacteriota were dominant in the rhizosphere soils of P. hysterophorus (84.2%) and Setaria viridis (86.47%), and the bulk soils (80.7%). The Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota were dominant within the root of P. hysterophorus. A total of 2468 bacterial OTUs were obtained from different groups among which 140 were observed in all the groups; 1019 OTUs were shared by P. hysterophorus non-rhizosphere soil bacteria (YNR) P. hysterophorus rhizosphere soil bacteria (YRR) groups. The indexes of the ACE (823.1), Chao1 (823.19), Simpson (0.9971), and Shannon (9.068) were the highest in the YRR groups, showing the greatest bacterial community diversity. Random forest analysis showed that the Methylomirabilota and Dadabacteria (at the phylum level) and the Sphingomonas, and Woeseia (at the genus level) were identified as the main predictors among different groups. The LEfSe results also showed the essential role of the Acidobacteriota in the YRR group. The SourceTracker analysis of the bacterial community of the YRR group was mainly from GBS groups (average 53.14%) and a small part was from YNR groups (average 6.56%), indicating that the P. hysterophorus invasion had a more significant effect on native plants' rhizosphere microorganisms than soil microorganisms. Our observations could provide valuable information for understanding the bacterial diversity and structure of the soil to the invasion of P. hysterophorus.

Project description:IntroductionParthenium hysterophorus (Asteraceae) is an invasive weed species that has invaded over 50 countries worldwide. It was first detected in 1980 at Tirat-Zvi, in eastern-northern Israel. In recent years, there has been an increasing concern over the spread of this weed in agricultural and non-agricultural habitats across the country. However, very little is known about the biology of P. hysterophorus and its variation among populations.MethodsSeeds collected from five locations across Israel were germinated and plants were grown in pollen-proof cages under uniform conditions to produce the progeny populations. Spatial parameters, weight and germination under different environmental conditions were recorded for field and progeny populations.ResultsSeeds originating from field populations were significantly smaller and lighter than seeds of the progeny populations. Germination occurred in the range of 10°C to 30°C (To ranges from 19°C to 22.3°C, Tb ranged from 9°C to 15°C, Tc ranged from 24 ℃ to 30.5°C), depending on generation and population. A water potential-based model was developed to estimate germination under different soil water content using specific parameters (b - slope, d - upper limit, e - infliction point). The model suggests a correlation between germination and water potential. Indeed, reduced germination was recorded for the lower water potentials especially for the progeny populations. Spatial parameters, weight and germination under different environmental conditions were recorded for field and progeny populations.DiscussionWe identified differences in seed size and weight, germination under different temperatures, and osmotic potential among P. hysterophorus Israeli populations. Differences across generations may arise due to the transgenerational effects. Our results, may shed light on the germination abilities of P. hysterophorus populations and provide vital insight into understanding the invasive capabilities of this highly noxious weed.

Dataset Information

Organ-Specific Phytochemical Profiling and Antioxidant Analysis of Parthenium hysterophorus L.

Publications

Organ-Specific Phytochemical Profiling and Antioxidant Analysis of <i>Parthenium hysterophorus</i> L.

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