Dataset Information

Comparing different intensities of active referral to smoking cessation services in promoting smoking cessation among community smokers: a study protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Actively referring smokers to smoking cessation (SC) services could increase quitting and is scalable for the population. The objective of this study is to compare 2 different intensities of SC active referral for smokers in the community of Hong Kong.

Methods/design

This is a single-blind, parallel 3-armed cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) consisting of high-intensity SC active referral (HAR Group), low-intensity SC referral by text messaging on promoting SC services use (Text Group) and a control group receives general very brief advice. Biochemically validated daily smokers will be proactively recruited in the community from 68 clusters (recruitment sessions). The primary outcome is self-reported 7-days point prevalence abstinence (PPA) at the 3- and 6- month follow-ups. Secondary outcomes are SC service use, smoking reduction rate (SRR, daily cigarette consumption reduced by ≥50%; excluding quitters) and biochemically validated quit rate (exhaled CO < 4 ppm and salivary cotinine < 10 ng/ml). Outcome assessors and data analysts will be blinded to group allocation. Intention-to-treat principle and Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) regressions will be used for data analysis.

Discussion

This will be the first trial on evaluating the efficacy of the 2 different intensities of SC active referral on smoking cessation in community smokers. It is anticipated that the results from this trial can provide evidence to the effectiveness of high-intensity active referral to SC services and low intensity SC referral by using text messaging in achieving smoking abstinence.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02804880 , June 17, 2016.

SUBMITTER: Weng X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6033206 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Comparing different intensities of active referral to smoking cessation services in promoting smoking cessation among community smokers: a study protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Weng Xue X Wang Man Ping MP Suen Yi Nam YN Li William Ho Cheung WHC Wu Yongda Y Cheung Derek Yee Tak DYT Kwong Antonio Cho Shing ACS Lai Vienna Wai Yin VWY Chan Sophia Siu Chee SSC Lam Tai Hing TH

BMC public health 20180704 1

<h4>Background</h4>Actively referring smokers to smoking cessation (SC) services could increase quitting and is scalable for the population. The objective of this study is to compare 2 different intensities of SC active referral for smokers in the community of Hong Kong.<h4>Methods/design</h4>This is a single-blind, parallel 3-armed cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) consisting of high-intensity SC active referral (HAR Group), low-intensity SC referral by text messaging on promoting SC s ...[more]

PMID: 29973191

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Project description:ImportanceAn important public health goal is to increase tobacco cessation, but there is limited research on associations of vaping with tobacco cessation.ObjectiveTo estimate the association of vaping with long-term tobacco cessation among US cigarette smokers who used electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS; ie, e-cigarettes) in 2017.Design, setting, and participantsThis cohort study used a nationally representative sample of US cigarette smokers from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health cohort at wave 4 (2017) with follow-up at wave 6 (2021). Data were analyzed from June 2023 to June 2024.ExposureWave 4 ENDS use: daily, nondaily, or no use.Main outcomes and measuresThe primary outcomes were 12 or more months' abstinence from cigarette smoking and 12 or more months' abstinence from both cigarette and ENDS use, ascertained at wave 6. Propensity score matching was used to control confounding on 14 potential confounders, including interest in quitting, income, age, education, nondaily smoking, and presence of a smoke-free home.ResultsA total of 6013 smokers were included in the sample (3634 aged ≥35 years [weighted percentage, 65.2%]; 3182 female [weighted percentage, 46.5%]). Among smokers who vaped daily (228 individuals), an estimated 20.9% (95% CI, 15.0% to 26.8%) were abstinent from cigarette smoking at follow-up, compared with 14.3% abstinence (95% CI, 13.0% to 15.5%) among smokers who did not vape (5070 individuals) and 12.6% abstinence (95% CI, 9.8% to 15.4%) among smokers who vaped nondaily (715 individuals). Compared with similar propensity score-matched smokers who did not vape, smoking cessation was 4.1 percentage points lower among those who vaped daily (95% CI, -11.9 to 3.6 percentage points; P = .30), a nonsignificant difference. Smoking cessation was 5.3 percentage points lower among those who vaped nondaily (95% CI, -9.1 to -1.5 percentage points; P = .01) compared with similar propensity score-matched controls. Considering abstinence from both smoking and vaping, compared with matched controls, smokers who vaped daily had lower abstinence at follow-up by 14.7 percentage points (95% CI, -20.2 to -9.2 percentage points; P < .001), and those who vaped nondaily had lower abstinence by 7.2 percentage points (95% CI, -10.7 to -3.8 percentage points; P < .001).Conclusions and relevanceIn this representative cohort study of US smokers who used ENDS, neither daily nor nondaily vaping was associated with increased smoking cessation, and each was associated with reduced tobacco abstinence, suggesting that careful adjustment of confounding is critical in studies of ENDS and smoking cessation.

Project description:Many lifelong smokers establish smoking habits during young adulthood. A university can be an effective setting for early smoking cessation. We evaluated long-term predictors of smoking cessation among smokers in a university setting.We longitudinally followed a cohort of smokers enrolled in a university smoking cessation program in Seoul, South Korea. Sociodemographic factors, smoking-related variables, and changes in smoking habits were assessed during 6-week visit sessions and follow-up telephone interviews conducted 1 year or more later.A total of 205 participants were followed up (mean follow-up duration: 27.1 months). Cessation rates were 47.3% at the end of the visit sessions and 28.8% at follow-up. The long-term persistent smoking rate was significantly higher among individuals with peers who smoked (odds ratio [OR] = 8.64; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.75, 42.80), with family members who smoked (OR = 3.28; 95% CI = 1.20, 9.00), and who smoked 10 to 19 cigarettes/day (OR = 4.83; 95% CI = 1.49, 15.69). Conversely, persistent smoking was less likely among those who attended the program regularly (OR = 0.84 per visit; 95% CI = 0.72, 0.99) and attempted quitting more frequently (OR = 0.93 per attempt; 95% CI = 0.87, 0.99). Use of smoking cessation medications (varenicline or bupropion) was not significantly associated with long-term quitting (OR = 0.71; 95% CI = 0.26, 1.93).Peer influences were the strongest predictors of failure in long-term cessation among smokers who attempted to quit. Similarly, the existence of smokers in the family was negatively associated with successful quitting. Regular attendance at a smoking cessation program and a high number of attempts to quit were positively associated with successful quitting. Targeting peer and family smoking groups together rather than targeting individual smokers alone, implementing active cessation programs encouraging regular attendance, and providing comprehensive antismoking environments might be effective strategies in a university setting.

Dataset Information

Comparing different intensities of active referral to smoking cessation services in promoting smoking cessation among community smokers: a study protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background

Methods/design

Discussion

Trial registration

Publications

Comparing different intensities of active referral to smoking cessation services in promoting smoking cessation among community smokers: a study protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial.

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