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Influence of dilution water ionic composition on acute major ion toxicity to the mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer.

ABSTRACT: Field and laboratory studies have shown that mayflies (Ephemeroptera) tend to be relatively sensitive to elevated major ion concentrations, but little is known about how ionic composition influences these responses. The present study evaluated the acute toxicity of major ion salts to the mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer over a range of background water quality conditions. The mayfly was particularly sensitive to Na2 SO4 , with the median lethal concentration (LC50) of 1338?mg SO4 /L being lower than LC50s reported for 7 other species at that hardness. Increasing hardness of the dilution water from 30 to 150?mg/L (as CaCO3 ) resulted in doubling of LC50s for sodium salts, and an approximately 1.5-fold increase in LC50 for MgSO4 . Potassium salt toxicity was not strongly influenced by hardness, consistent with findings for other species. When hardness was held constant but the Ca to Mg ratio was manipulated, the ameliorative effect on Na2 SO4 and NaCl did not appear as strong as when hardness was varied; but for MgSO4 the amelioration relative to Ca activity was similar between the 2 experiments. The toxicity of K salts to N. triangulifer was similar to Na salts on a millimolar basis, which contrasts with several other species for which K salts have been much more toxic. In addition, the toxicity of KCl to N. triangulifer was not notably affected by Na concentration, as has been shown for Ceriodaphnia dubia. Finally, plotting LC50s in terms of ion activity (Cl, SO4 , Na, Mg, or K) over the range of Ca activities in dilution water resulted in significant positive relationships, with comparable slopes to those previously observed for C. dubia over the same range of Ca activities. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1330-1339. © 2018 SETAC.

SUBMITTER: Soucek DJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6034637 | biostudies-literature | 2018 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Influence of dilution water ionic composition on acute major ion toxicity to the mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer.

Soucek David J DJ Mount David R DR Dickinson Amy A Hockett J Russell JR

Environmental toxicology and chemistry 20180215 5

Field and laboratory studies have shown that mayflies (Ephemeroptera) tend to be relatively sensitive to elevated major ion concentrations, but little is known about how ionic composition influences these responses. The present study evaluated the acute toxicity of major ion salts to the mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer over a range of background water quality conditions. The mayfly was particularly sensitive to Na<sub>2</sub> SO<sub>4</sub> , with the median lethal concentration (LC50) of 1338 mg ...[more]

PMID: 29297606

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Project description:Testing for toxicity in a number of aquatic organisms is necessary for risk assessments of substances. Yet, aquatic larvae of the so-called EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera) taxa are regularly exposed to several environmental contaminants and have been demonstrated to be extremely vulnerable to a variety of environmental pollutants. These results show that existing toxicity testing can result in an underestimating of the risk for EPT taxa and that more toxicity data using EPT taxonomic representatives are needed. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of standardized test techniques and scant published data, particularly for European EPT species. Our study's objective was to create a testing framework for a variety of endpoints in the mayfly Cloeon dipterum. Due to its high prevalence in local waterbodies and its brief lifecycle of a few weeks in the right environmental conditions, C. dipterum was selected as the test organism. To this end, two chronic toxicity tests with semi-static test design and two media renewal per week were performed. Small larvae in the stage L3 based on the wing pad development described by Cianciara (1976) were used in the tests. Four replicates per test concentration and control containing five individuals per replicate were installed. The emergence was determined daily on working days. The tests were conducted at a temperature of 20 °C (± 1 °C) and the illumination was < 1 µE m2s 1 with a light and dark rhythm of 16:8 h. The physico-chemical parameters pH, oxygen concentration, and oxygen saturation were measured using the multiparameter device WTW Multi 1970i at test start, throughout each media renewal, and at test end. Continuous temperature measurements were taken, and weekly lighting assessments were made. Fipronil was administered to C. dipterum larvae in the long-term exposure experiment at nominal concentrations ranging from 0.038 to 0.60 g/L. This test was conducted for 38 days until all larvae had emerged. In the short-term exposure experiment, C. dipterum larvae were exposed to Fipronil in nominal concentrations between 0.038 and 0.30 µg/L for a test duration of seven days. At test end, the larvae were sampled for transcriptome analysis.

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Influence of dilution water ionic composition on acute major ion toxicity to the mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer.

Publications

Influence of dilution water ionic composition on acute major ion toxicity to the mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer.

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