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Effects of Different Dietary Protocols on General Activity and Frailty of Male Wistar Rats During Aging.

ABSTRACT: Dietary restriction (DR) is an important experimental paradigm for lifespan and healthspan extension, but its specific contribution regarding the type, onset, and duration are still debatable. This study was designed to examine the impact of different dietary protocols by assessing the behavioral changes during aging. We exposed male Wistar rats of various age to ad libitum (AL) or DR (60 per cent of AL daily intake) feeding regimens with different onsets. The impact of DR on locomotor activity, memory, and learning was examined in 12-, 18-, and 24-month-old treated animals and controls using open field and Y-maze tests. We have also evaluated the effects of different DR's through the quantification of animal frailty, using behavioral data to create the frailty score. Our results indicated that DR improves general animal activity and spatial memory and decreases frailty with the effect being highly dependent on DR duration and onset. Notably, life-long restriction started at young age had the most profound effect. In contrast, shorter duration and later onset of restricted diet had significantly lower or no impact on animal's behavior and frailty. This study signifies the importance of DR starting point and duration as critical determinants of DR effects on healthspan.

SUBMITTER: Todorovic ST

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6037071 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of Different Dietary Protocols on General Activity and Frailty of Male Wistar Rats During Aging.

Todorovic Smilja T ST Smiljanic Kosara R KR Ruzdijic Sabera D SD Djordjevic Aleksandra N Mladenovic ANM Kanazir Selma D SD

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences 20180701 8

Dietary restriction (DR) is an important experimental paradigm for lifespan and healthspan extension, but its specific contribution regarding the type, onset, and duration are still debatable. This study was designed to examine the impact of different dietary protocols by assessing the behavioral changes during aging. We exposed male Wistar rats of various age to ad libitum (AL) or DR (60 per cent of AL daily intake) feeding regimens with different onsets. The impact of DR on locomotor activity, ...[more]

PMID: 29415252

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Project description:Obesity increases the risk for cardiomyopathy in the absence of comorbidities. Myocardial structure is modified by dietary fatty acids. Left ventricular hypertrophy is associated with Western (WES) diet consumption, whereas intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is associated with antihypertrophic effects. We previously observed no attenuation of left ventricular thickening after 3 months of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation of a WES diet, compared with WES diet intake alone, in rats that had similar weight, adiposity, and insulin sensitivity to control animals. The objective of this study was to define left ventricular gene expression in these animals to determine whether diet alone was associated with a physiologic or pathologic hypertrophic response. We hypothesized that WES diet consumption would favor a pathologic or maladaptive myocardial gene expression pattern and that DHA supplementation would favor a physiologic or adaptive response. Microarray analysis identified 64 transcripts that were differentially expressed (P ? .001) within one or more treatment comparisons. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, 29 genes with fold change at least 1.74 were successfully validated; all but 3 had similar directionality to that observed using microarray, and 2 genes, connective tissue growth factor and cathepsin M, were differentially expressed according to diet. WES blot analysis was performed on 4 proteins relevant to myocardial hypertrophy and metabolism. Acyl-CoA thioesterase 1, B-cell translocation gene 2, and carbonic anhydrase III showed directional change consistent with gene expression. Retinol saturase (all-trans-retinol 13,14-reductase), although not consistent with gene expression, was different according to diet, with increased concentrations in WES-fed rats compared with control and DHA-supplemented animals. Diet did not distinguish a transcriptome reflecting physiologic or pathologic myocardial hypertrophy; furthermore, the modest changes observed suggest that obesity and associated comorbidities may play a larger role than mere dietary fatty acid composition in development of cardiomyopathy.

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Effects of Different Dietary Protocols on General Activity and Frailty of Male Wistar Rats During Aging.

Publications

Effects of Different Dietary Protocols on General Activity and Frailty of Male Wistar Rats During Aging.

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