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A Novel Silver Bioactive Glass Elicits Antimicrobial Efficacy Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in an ex Vivo Skin Wound Biofilm Model.

ABSTRACT: Biofilm infection is now understood to be a potent contributor to the recalcitrant nature of chronic wounds. Bacterial biofilms evade the host immune response and show increased resistance to antibiotics. Along with improvements in antibiotic stewardship, effective new anti-biofilm therapies are urgently needed for effective wound management. Previous studies have shown that bioactive glass (Bg) is able to promote healing with moderate bactericidal activity. Here we tested the antimicrobial efficacy of a novel BG incorporating silver (Bg^Ag), against both planktonic and biofilm forms of the wound-relevant bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Bg^Ag was stable, long lasting, and potently effective against planktonic bacteria in time-kill assays (6-log reduction in bacterial viability within 2 h) and in agar diffusion assays. Bg^Ag reduced bacterial load in a physiologically relevant ex vivo porcine wound biofilm model; P. aeruginosa (2-log reduction) and S. aureus (3-log reduction). Bg^Ag also conferred strong effects against P. aeruginosa biofilm virulence, reducing both protease activity and virulence gene expression. Co-culture biofilms appeared more resistant to Bg^Ag, where a selective reduction in S. aureus was observed. Finally, Bg^Ag was shown to benefit the host response to biofilm infection, directly reducing host tissue cell death. Taken together, the findings provide evidence that Bg^Ag elicits potent antimicrobial effects against planktonic and single-species biofilms, with beneficial effects on the host tissue response. Further investigations are required to elucidate the specific consequences of BG administration on polymicrobial biofilms, and further explore the effects on host-microbe interactions.

SUBMITTER: Wilkinson HN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6037725 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A Novel Silver Bioactive Glass Elicits Antimicrobial Efficacy Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in an ex Vivo Skin Wound Biofilm Model.

Wilkinson Holly N HN Iveson Sammi S Catherall Paul P Hardman Matthew J MJ

Frontiers in microbiology 20180703

Biofilm infection is now understood to be a potent contributor to the recalcitrant nature of chronic wounds. Bacterial biofilms evade the host immune response and show increased resistance to antibiotics. Along with improvements in antibiotic stewardship, effective new anti-biofilm therapies are urgently needed for effective wound management. Previous studies have shown that bioactive glass (Bg) is able to promote healing with moderate bactericidal activity. Here we tested the antimicrobial effi ...[more]

PMID: 30018606

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Project description:Chronic wounds are a drain on global health services and remain a major area of unmet clinical need. Chronic wounds are characterised by a stable and stubborn bacterial biofilm which hinders innate immune response and delays or prevents wound healing. Bioactive glass (BG) fibres offer a promising novel treatment for chronic wounds by targeting the wound-associated biofilm. In this study, the antimicrobial properties of silver-doped BG fibres were tested against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms, which are commonly found in chronic wound infections. Results showed that BG fibres doped with silver resulted in a 5log10 reduction in biofilm formation whereas silver-free fibres only reduced formation by log10, therefore silver-doped fibres possess stronger antimicrobial effects. Moreover, there appeared to be a synergistic effect between the fibres and the silver as the application of the silver-doped fibres placed directly in contact with the forming biofilm resulted in a higher reduction in biofilm formation compared to treatments either: using the dissolution ions, using BG powder, or when the fibres were placed in an insert above the biofilm, inhibiting physical contact, instead. This suggests that the physical properties of the fibres, as well as silver, influence biofilm formation. Finally, results demonstrated that silver chloride, which is not antimicrobial, forms and the concentrations of antimicrobial silver species, namely silver ions and nanoparticles, reduce over time when fibres are soaked in cell culture media, which partially explains why the silver-doped dissolution ions contained lower antimicrobial activity compared to the fibres. As silver chloride is more likely to form with increased temperature and time, the antimicrobial activity of silver-containing dissolution ions is highly dependent on the length of ageing and storage conditions. Many studies investigate the antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of biomaterials through their dissolution products. However, instability of antimicrobial silver species due to silver chloride formation and its effect on antimicrobial properties of silver-based biomaterials has not been reported before and could influence past and future dissolution-based assays as results showed that the antimicrobial activity of silver-based dissolution ions can vary greatly depending on post processing steps and can therefore produce misleading data. Highlights • Anti-biofilm effects of silver-doped bioactive glass fibres were tested.• Anti-biofilm effects of silver-doped bioactive glass depend on the glass structure.• The formation of silver chloride/sulphide was investigated.• Chlorination has an effect on anti-biofilm activity.

Dataset Information

A Novel Silver Bioactive Glass Elicits Antimicrobial Efficacy Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in an ex Vivo Skin Wound Biofilm Model.

Publications

A Novel Silver Bioactive Glass Elicits Antimicrobial Efficacy Against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in an <i>ex Vivo</i> Skin Wound Biofilm Model.

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