Dataset Information

Prevalence of chronic comorbidities in dengue fever and West Nile virus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Flavivirus diseases such as dengue fever (DENV), West Nile virus (WNV), Zika and yellow fever represent a substantial global public health concern. Preexisting chronic conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, and asthma were thought to predict risk of progression to severe infections.

Objective

We aimed to quantify the frequency of chronic comorbidities in flavivirus diseases to provide an estimate for their prevalence in severe and non-severe infections and examine whether chronic diseases contribute to the increased risk of severe viral expression.

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE(R), Embase and Embase Classic and grey literature databases to identify studies reporting prevalence estimates of comorbidities in flavivirus diseases. Study quality was assessed with the risk of bias tool. Age-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were estimated for severe infection in the presence of chronic comorbidities.

Results

We identified 65 studies as eligible for inclusion for DENV (47 studies) and WNV (18 studies). Obesity and overweight (i.e., BMI> 25 kg/m2, prevalence: 24.5%, 95% CI: 18.6-31.6%), hypertension (17.1%, 13.3-21.8%) and diabetes (13.3%, 9.3-18.8%) were the most prevalent comorbidities in DENV. However, hypertension (45.0%, 39.1-51.0%), diabetes (24.7%, 20.2-29.8%) and heart diseases (25.6%, 19.5-32.7%) were the most prevalent in WNV. ORs of severe flavivirus diseases were about 2 to 4 in infected patients with comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension and heart diseases. The small number of studies in JEV, YFV and Zika did not permit estimating the prevalence of comorbidities in these infections.

Conclusion

Higher prevalence of chronic comorbidities was found in severe cases of flavivirus diseases compared to non-severe cases. Findings of the present study may guide public health practitioners and clinicians to evaluate infection severity based on the presence of comorbidity, a critical public health measure that may avert severe disease outcome given the current dearth of clear prevention practices for some flavivirus diseases.

SUBMITTER: Badawi A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6039036 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Prevalence of chronic comorbidities in dengue fever and West Nile virus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Badawi Alaa A Velummailum Russanthy R Ryoo Seung Gwan SG Senthinathan Arrani A Yaghoubi Sahar S Vasileva Denitsa D Ostermeier Emma E Plishka Mikayla M Soosaipillai Marcel M Arora Paul P

PloS one 20180710 7

<h4>Background</h4>Flavivirus diseases such as dengue fever (DENV), West Nile virus (WNV), Zika and yellow fever represent a substantial global public health concern. Preexisting chronic conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, and asthma were thought to predict risk of progression to severe infections.<h4>Objective</h4>We aimed to quantify the frequency of chronic comorbidities in flavivirus diseases to provide an estimate for their prevalence in severe and non-severe infe ...[more]

PMID: 29990356

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Dengue and West Nile viruses are highly cross-reactive and have numerous parallels in geography, potential vector host (Aedes family of mosquitoes), and initial symptoms of infection. While the vast majority (>?80%) of both dengue and West Nile virus infections result in asymptomatic infections, a minority of individuals experience symptomatic infection and an even smaller proportion develop severe disease. The mechanisms by which these infections lead to severe disease in a subset of infected individuals is incompletely understood, but individual host differences including genetic factors and immune responses have been proposed. We sought to identify genetic risk factors that are associated with more severe disease outcomes for both viruses in order to shed light on possible shared mechanisms of resistance and potential therapeutic interventions. METHODS:We applied a search strategy using four major databases (Medline, PubMed, Embase, and Global Health) to find all known genetic associations identified to date with dengue or West Nile virus disease. Here we present a review of our findings and a meta-analysis of genetic variants identified. RESULTS:We found genetic variations that are significantly associated with infections of these viruses. In particular we found variation within the OAS1 (meta-OR?=?0.83, 95% CI: 0.69-1.00) and CCR5 (meta-OR?=?1.29, 95% CI: 1.08-1.53) genes is significantly associated with West Nile virus disease, while variation within MICB (meta-OR?=?2.35, 95% CI: 1.68-3.29), PLCE1 (meta-OR?=?0.55, 95% CI: 0.42-0.71), MBL2 (meta-OR?=?1.54, 95% CI: 1.02-2.31), and IFN-? (meta-OR?=?2.48, 95% CI: 1.30-4.71), is associated with dengue disease. CONCLUSIONS:Despite substantial heterogeneity in populations studied, genes examined, and methodology, significant associations with genetic variants were found across studies within both diseases. These gene associations suggest a key role for immune mechanisms in susceptibility to severe disease. Further research is needed to elucidate the role of these genes in disease pathogenesis and may reveal additional genetic factors associated with disease severity.

Dataset Information

Prevalence of chronic comorbidities in dengue fever and West Nile virus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Prevalence of chronic comorbidities in dengue fever and West Nile virus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Similar Datasets

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