Dataset Information

Male and undernourished children were at high risk of anemia in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Anemia is one of the global public health problems affecting more than one-third of the world population. It has been strongly associated with limited psychomotor development; and poor growth and performance in cognitive, social, and emotional function in children. Despite published data revealed that anemia is a public health problem among children in Ethiopia, there is no a pooled national estimate on the prevalence and associated risk factors of anemia.

Methods

Published articles until December 31, 2017, were searched using comprehensive search strings through PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, SCOPUS, HINARI, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Google. Reference probing of published articles and hand searching were employed for grey literature. Two groups of review authors independently appraised the studies for eligibility and extracted the data. The quality of articles was assessed using Joana Brigg's institute critical appraisal checklist for prevalence and analytical studies. The pooled estimates were determined using random effect model. Heterogeneity between the included studies was assessed using the I² statistics. Subgroup analysis was employed in the evidence of heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed by visual inspection of the funnel plot and Egger's regression test statistic.

Results

Of the total 871 articles retrieved, 34 articles which involved 61,748 children were eligible for meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of anemia using random effect model was 31.14% (95% CI: 24.62, 37.66%). In subgroup analysis, the pooled prevalence of anemia was higher among preschool-aged children (44.17%; 95% CI: 37.19, 51.15%) than school-aged children (22.19%; 95% CI: 17.54, 26.83%). Furthermore, the odds of anemia was higher among children who were male (OR?=?1.11; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.19), stunted (OR?=?1.95; 95% CI: 1.52, 2.51), and wasted (OR?=?2.05; 95% CI: 1.36, 3.10).

Conclusion

The pooled prevalence of anemia among children was high, indicating that it had been continuing to be a public health problem. Therefore, there is a need to design a comprehensive prevention and control strategies to reduce its burden.

SUBMITTER: Melku M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6042228 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Male and undernourished children were at high risk of anemia in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Melku Mulugeta M Takele Wubet Worku WW Anlay Degefaye Zelalem DZ Ekubagewargies Daniale Tekelia DT Getaneh Zegeye Z Abebe Molla M Abebe Zegeye Z

Italian journal of pediatrics 20180711 1

<h4>Background</h4>Anemia is one of the global public health problems affecting more than one-third of the world population. It has been strongly associated with limited psychomotor development; and poor growth and performance in cognitive, social, and emotional function in children. Despite published data revealed that anemia is a public health problem among children in Ethiopia, there is no a pooled national estimate on the prevalence and associated risk factors of anemia.<h4>Methods</h4>Publi ...[more]

PMID: 29996879

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Project description:IntroductionDespite several strategies exist for anemia prevention and control, it has been the major public health important problem in the world. Numerous immediate and long-term health issues were reported in children who have history of anemia including decreased work productivity in adult hood period. Although analyzing data on burden and risk factors of anemia are the recommended action areas of World Health Organization framework for accelerating anemia reduction, the aggregated national burden and contributors of anemia in Ethiopia has not been determined so far. There for, this systematic and meta-analysis study is aimed to assess the pooled prevalence and associated factors of anemia among children aged 6-23 months in Ethiopia.MethodsThe electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google scholar and institutional repositories were searched using search terms. The studies that reported the prevalence and/or risk factors of anemia in children 6-23 months of age were included. The JBI quality assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of each study. The data was extracted with Microsoft Excel, 2019 and analyzed with STATA 17.0 statistical software. A random effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of anemia and its associated factors. The Cochrane Q-test statistics and I2 test were used to measure heterogeneity between the included studies. Furthermore, publication bias was examined using the funnel plot graph and statistical tests (Egger's and begg tests). Outliers also visualized using Galbraith plot. When necessary, sensitivity analysis was also employed to detect small study effect.ResultTen studies with a total population of 14, 733 were included for analysis. The pooled prevalence of anemia among children aged 6-23 months of age in Ethiopia was found to be 57.76% (95%CI; 51.61-63.91; I2 = 97.192%; p < 0.001). Having history of diarrhea AOR = 2.44 (95%CI: 1.03-3.85), being stunted AOR = 2.00 (95%CI: 1.38-2.61), living in food insecure house hold AOR = 2.08 (95%CI: 1.10-3.07), consuming less diversified food AOR = 2.73 (95%CI: 2.06-3.39) and being 6-11 months of age AOR = 1.59 (95%CI: 1.23-1.95) were associated with anemia.Conclusion and recommendationThe prevalence of anemia is in the range of severe public health problem among children aged 6-23 months in Ethiopia. Diarrhea, stunting, house hold food insecurity, dietary diversity, and age were the predictors of anemia. Further, prospective cohort and random controlled trial studies are recommended. Further, random controlled trial especially effectiveness of nutritional education interventions trial is important. To reduce prevalence of anemia, strengthening diarrhea reduction program, securing household food insecurity, preventing stunting, giving special attention for infants age 6-11 months and encouraging food diversification are important.

Project description:BackgroundIn Ethiopia limited information is available regarding the prevalence and predictors of anemia in pregnancy. This systematic review and meta-analysis estimated the pooled prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in Ethiopia and also identified its predictors.Materials and methodsThe published primary studies were searched in the following electronic databases; PubMed/Medline, Google scholars, AJOL, and EMBASE. All primary studies published from 01/01/2010 to 30/05/2020 and written in English language were included without restriction on study setting and design. Critical appraisal of all available articles was done and extracted data was analyzed using STATA software version 14. The pooled prevalence of anemia was presented using a forest plot. The I2 statistical test for heterogeneity, and the Egger's and Begg's tests for publication bias were used. The relative risk was used to assess the association of predictor variables with anemia.ResultAfter screening 274 articles, sixty studies were included in the analysis. The pooled prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was 26.4(95% CI: 23.1, 29.6). Sub-group analysis showed higher pooled prevalence from community-based studies than institutional-based studies. Factors that were protective against maternal anemia included urban residence, formal education and smaller family size. Short birth interval and not having antenatal care (ANC) are associated with a higher risk of maternal anemia. Women with low dietary diversity [RR: 2.61(95% CI, 1.85, 3.68)], mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) less than 23 cm [RR: 2.35(95% CI, 1.53, 3.68)] and those not taking iron-folic acid [RR: 1.53(95% CI: 1.30, 1.81)] also had a higher risk of anemia.ConclusionAlmost one in four pregnant women in Ethiopia had anemia. Being literate, living in urban areas with small family size and adequate birth spacing, as well as good dietary diversity are associated with a lower risk of anemia in pregnancy.Registration number(ID: CRD42020211054).

Project description:BACKGROUND:Anemia during pregnancy is one of the most common indirect obstetric cause of maternal mortality in developing countries. It is responsible for poor maternal and fetal outcomes. A limited number of studies were conducted on anemia during pregnancy in Ethiopia, and they present inconsistent findings. Therefore, this review was undertaken to summarize the findings conducted in several parts of the country and present the national level of anemia among pregnant women in Ethiopia. METHODS:Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline was followed for this systematic review and meta-analysis. The databases used were; PUBMED, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and African Journals Online. Search terms used were; anemia, pregnancy related anemia and Ethiopia. Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-MAStARI) was used for critical appraisal of studies. The meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 14 software. The pooled Meta logistic regression was computed to present the pooled prevalence and relative risks (RRs) of the determinate factors with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS:Twenty studies were included in the meta-analysis with a total of 10, 281 pregnant women. The pooled prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in Ethiopia was 31.66% (95% CI (26.20, 37.11)). Based on the pooled prevalence of the subgroup analysis result, the lowest prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was observed in Amhara region, 15.89% (95% CI (8.82, 22.96)) and the highest prevalence was in Somali region, 56.80% (95% CI (52.76, 60.84)). Primigravid (RR: 0.61 (95% CI: 0.53, 0.71)) and urban women (RR: 0.73 (95% CI: 0.60, 0.88)) were less likely to develop anemia. On the other hand, mothers with short pregnancy interval (RR: 2.14 (95% CI: 1.67, 2.74)) and malaria infection during pregnancy (RR: 1.94 (95% CI: 1.33, 2.82)) had higher risk to develop anemia. CONCLUSIONS:Almost one-third of pregnant women in Ethiopia were anemic. Statistically significant association was observed between anemia during pregnancy and residence, gravidity, pregnancy interval, and malaria infection during pregnancy. Regions with higher anemia prevalence among pregnant women should be given due emphasis. The concerned body should intervene on the identified factors to reduce the high prevalence of anemia among pregnant women.

Project description:BackgroundGlobally, malaria is among the leading cause of under-five mortality and morbidity. Despite various malaria elimination strategies being implemented in the last decades, malaria remains a major public health concern, particularly in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Furthermore, there have been limited and inconclusive studies in Ethiopia to generate information for action towards malaria in under-five children. Additionally, there is a considerable disparity between the results of the existing studies. Therefore, the pooled estimate from this study will provide a more conclusive result to take evidence-based interventional measures against under-five malaria.MethodsThe protocol of this review is registered at PROSPERO with registration number CRD42020157886. All appropriate databases and grey literature were searched to find relevant articles. Studies reporting the prevalence or risk factors of malaria among under-five children were included. The quality of each study was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS). Data was extracted using Microsoft Excel 2016 and analysis was done using STATA 16.0 statistical software. The pooled prevalence and its associated factors of malaria were determined using a random effect model. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the Cochrane Q-test statistics and I2 test. Furthermore, publication bias was checked by the visual inspection of the funnel plot and using Egger's and Begg's statistical tests.ResultsTwelve studies with 34,842 under-five children were included. The pooled prevalence of under-five malaria was 22.03% (95% CI 12.25%, 31.80%). Lack of insecticide-treated mosquito net utilization (AOR: 5.67, 95% CI 3.6, 7.74), poor knowledge of child caretakers towards malaria transmission (AOR: 2.79, 95% CI 1.70, 3.89), and living near mosquito breeding sites (AOR: 5.05, 95% CI 2.92, 7.19) were risk factors of under-five malaria.ConclusionMore than one in five children aged under five years were infected with malaria. This suggests the rate of under-five malaria is far off the 2030 national malaria elimination programme of Ethiopia. The Government should strengthen malaria control strategies such as disseminating insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs), advocating the utilization of ITNs, and raising community awareness regarding malaria transmission.

Project description:BackgroundAnemia is the reduction of red blood cells in size and numbers and an indicator of both poor nutrition and poor health. It is a major global public health problem. Anemia in adolescents and young adults can have negative effects on their cognitive performance and growth. In Ethiopia, previous studies yielded variable prevalence. This review aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of adolescent girls' anemia and associated factors in Ethiopia.MethodsWe searched for studies reporting anemia and associated factors among adolescent girls as reported in peer reviews publications in Ethiopia from 1988 to 2021 from PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and Worldwide Science database. The search strategy identified 309 cross-sectional studies. After screening for potentially eligible articles, we identified 37 publications for full text review, following which 10 publications were included in the final review. Using data from the review, we performed meta-analysis to produce pooled estimates and assess the prevalence of anemia and associated risk factors. Data were extracted using a standardized data extraction format prepared in Microsoft Excel™ and transferred to Stata ™ Version 14.0 for management and further analysis. To identify the source of heterogeneity, subgroup analysis using sample size and study setup was computed, and I2 test was used to declare the presence or absence of significant heterogeneity during subgroup analysis. A random-effect meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of adolescent girls' anemia. Moreover associated factors for adolescent anemia were assessed too.ResultsThe overall pooled prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls' in Ethiopia was 23.02% (95% CI: 17.21to 28.84). In the subgroup analysis, studies that have a higher sample size than mean have a higher pooled prevalence (27.35%) (95% CI: 21.42 to 33.28) compared to their counterparts. Age being 15-19 (OR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.52 to 2.96), living in rural areas (OR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.66 to 2.54), and low dietary diversity (OR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.00 to 2.34), were the identified factors associated with anemia among adolescent girls'.ConclusionThe pooled prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls in Ethiopia was moderately high. Being in 15-19 years, rural residence, and low dietary diversity score were found to be the significant factors of anemia among adolescent girls in Ethiopia.

Dataset Information

Male and undernourished children were at high risk of anemia in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Male and undernourished children were at high risk of anemia in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Similar Datasets

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