Dataset Information

Association of current and former smoking with body mass index: A study of smoking discordant twin pairs from 21 twin cohorts.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Smokers tend to weigh less than never smokers, while successful quitting leads to an increase in body weight. Because smokers and non-smokers may differ in genetic and environmental family background, we analysed data from twin pairs in which the co-twins differed by their smoking behaviour to evaluate if the association between smoking and body mass index (BMI) remains after controlling for family background.

Methods and findings

The international CODATwins database includes information on smoking and BMI measured between 1960 and 2012 from 156,593 twin individuals 18-69 years of age. Individual-based data (230,378 measurements) and data of smoking discordant twin pairs (altogether 30,014 pairwise measurements, 36% from monozygotic [MZ] pairs) were analysed with linear fixed-effects regression models by 10-year periods. In MZ pairs, the smoking co-twin had, on average, 0.57 kg/m2 lower BMI in men (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.49, 0.70) and 0.65 kg/m2 lower BMI in women (95% CI: 0.52, 0.79) than the never smoking co-twin. Former smokers had 0.70 kg/m2 higher BMI among men (95% CI: 0.63, 0.78) and 0.62 kg/m2 higher BMI among women (95% CI: 0.51, 0.73) than their currently smoking MZ co-twins. Little difference in BMI was observed when comparing former smoking co-twins with their never smoking MZ co-twins (0.13 kg/m2, 95% CI 0.04, 0.23 among men; -0.04 kg/m2, 95% CI -0.16, 0.09 among women). The associations were similar within dizygotic pairs and when analysing twins as individuals. The observed series of cross-sectional associations were independent of sex, age, and measurement decade.

Conclusions

Smoking is associated with lower BMI and smoking cessation with higher BMI. However, the net effect of smoking and subsequent cessation on weight development appears to be minimal, i.e. never more than an average of 0.7 kg/m2.

SUBMITTER: Piirtola M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6042712 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Association of current and former smoking with body mass index: A study of smoking discordant twin pairs from 21 twin cohorts.

Piirtola Maarit M Jelenkovic Aline A Latvala Antti A Sund Reijo R Honda Chika C Inui Fujio F Watanabe Mikio M Tomizawa Rie R Iwatani Yoshinori Y Ordoñana Juan R JR Sánchez-Romera Juan F JF Colodro-Conde Lucia L Tarnoki Adam D AD Tarnoki David L DL Martin Nicholas G NG Montgomery Grant W GW Medland Sarah E SE Rasmussen Finn F Tynelius Per P Tan Qihua Q Zhang Dongfeng D Pang Zengchang Z Rebato Esther E Stazi Maria A MA Fagnani Corrado C Brescianini Sonia S Busjahn Andreas A Harris Jennifer R JR Brandt Ingunn I Nilsen Thomas Sevenius TS Cutler Tessa L TL Hopper John L JL Corley Robin P RP Huibregtse Brooke M BM Sung Joohon J Kim Jina J Lee Jooyeon J Lee Sooji S Gatz Margaret M Butler David A DA Franz Carol E CE Kremen William S WS Lyons Michael J MJ Magnusson Patrik K E PKE Pedersen Nancy L NL Dahl Aslan Anna K AK Öncel Sevgi Y SY Aliev Fazil F Derom Catherine A CA Vlietinck Robert F RF Loos Ruth J F RJF Silberg Judy L JL Maes Hermine H HH Boomsma Dorret I DI Sørensen Thorkild I A TIA Korhonen Tellervo T Kaprio Jaakko J Silventoinen Karri K

PloS one 20180712 7

<h4>Background</h4>Smokers tend to weigh less than never smokers, while successful quitting leads to an increase in body weight. Because smokers and non-smokers may differ in genetic and environmental family background, we analysed data from twin pairs in which the co-twins differed by their smoking behaviour to evaluate if the association between smoking and body mass index (BMI) remains after controlling for family background.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>The international CODATwins database in ...[more]

PMID: 30001359

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Project description:BackgroundSmoking-associated DNA methylation levels identified through epigenome-wide association studies (EWASs) are generally ascribed to smoking-reactive mechanisms, but the contribution of a shared genetic predisposition to smoking and DNA methylation levels is typically not accounted for.MethodsWe exploited a strong within-family design, that is, the discordant monozygotic twin design, to study reactiveness of DNA methylation in blood cells to smoking and reversibility of methylation patterns upon quitting smoking. Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip data were available for 769 monozygotic twin pairs (mean age = 36 years, range = 18-78, 70% female), including pairs discordant or concordant for current or former smoking.ResultsIn pairs discordant for current smoking, 13 differentially methylated CpGs were found between current smoking twins and their genetically identical co-twin who never smoked. Top sites include multiple CpGs in CACNA1D and GNG12, which encode subunits of a calcium voltage-gated channel and G protein, respectively. These proteins interact with the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, suggesting that methylation levels at these CpGs might be reactive to nicotine exposure. All 13 CpGs have been previously associated with smoking in unrelated individuals and data from monozygotic pairs discordant for former smoking indicated that methylation patterns are to a large extent reversible upon smoking cessation. We further showed that differences in smoking level exposure for monozygotic twins who are both current smokers but differ in the number of cigarettes they smoke are reflected in their DNA methylation profiles.ConclusionsIn conclusion, by analysing data from monozygotic twins, we robustly demonstrate that DNA methylation level in human blood cells is reactive to cigarette smoking.FundingWe acknowledge funding from the National Institute on Drug Abuse grant DA049867, the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO): Biobanking and Biomolecular Research Infrastructure (BBMRI-NL, NWO 184.033.111) and the BBRMI-NL-financed BIOS Consortium (NWO 184.021.007), NWO Large Scale infrastructures X-Omics (184.034.019), Genotype/phenotype database for behaviour genetic and genetic epidemiological studies (ZonMw Middelgroot 911-09-032); Netherlands Twin Registry Repository: researching the interplay between genome and environment (NWO-Groot 480-15-001/674); the Avera Institute, Sioux Falls (USA), and the National Institutes of Health (NIH R01 HD042157-01A1, MH081802, Grand Opportunity grants 1RC2 MH089951 and 1RC2 MH089995); epigenetic data were generated at the Human Genomics Facility (HuGe-F) at ErasmusMC Rotterdam. Cotinine assaying was sponsored by the Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam. DIB acknowledges the Royal Netherlands Academy of Science Professor Award (PAH/6635).

Dataset Information

Association of current and former smoking with body mass index: A study of smoking discordant twin pairs from 21 twin cohorts.

Background

Methods and findings

Conclusions

Publications

Association of current and former smoking with body mass index: A study of smoking discordant twin pairs from 21 twin cohorts.

Similar Datasets

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