Dataset Information

Association Between Gut Microbiota and CD4 Recovery in HIV-1 Infected Patients.

ABSTRACT: Composition of the gut microbiota has been linked with human immunedeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Evidence suggests that ART-treated patients with poor CD4+ T-cell recovery have higher levels of microbial translocation and immune activation. However, the association of the gut microbiota and immune recovery remains unclear. We performed a cross-sectional study on 30 healthy controls (HC) and 61 HIV-infected individuals, including 15 immunological ART responders (IRs), 20 immunological ART non-responders (INRs) and 26 untreated individuals (VU). IR and INR groups were classified by CD4+ T-cell counts of ?350 cells/mm3 and <350 cells/mm3 after 2 years of ART, respectively. Each subject's gut microbiota composition was analyzed by metagenomics sequencing. Levels of CD4+ T cells, CD8+HLA-DR+ T cells and CD8+CD38+ T cells were measured by flow cytometry. We identified more Prevotella and fewer Bacteroides in HIV-infected individuals than in HC. Patients in INR group were enriched with Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, unclassified Subdoligranulum sp. and Coprococcus comes when compared with those in IR group. F. prausnitzii and unclassified Subdoligranulum sp. were overrepresented in individuals in VU group with CD4+ T-cell counts <350 cells/mm3. Moreover, we found that the relative abundance of unclassified Subdoligranulum sp. and C. comes were positively correlated with CD8+HLA-DR+ T-cell count and CD8+HLA-DR+/CD8+ percentage. Our study has shown that gut microbiota changes were associated with CD4+ T-cell counts and immune activation in HIV-infected subjects. Interventions to reverse gut dysbiosis and inhibit immune activation could be a new strategy for improving immune reconstitution of HIV-1-infected individuals.

SUBMITTER: Lu W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6043814 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Association Between Gut Microbiota and CD4 Recovery in HIV-1 Infected Patients.

Lu Wei W Feng Yuqing Y Jing Fanhui F Han Yang Y Lyu Na N Liu Fei F Li Jing J Song Xiaojing X Xie Jing J Qiu Zhifeng Z Zhu Ting T Routy Bertrand B Routy Jean-Pierre JP Li Taisheng T Zhu Baoli B

Frontiers in microbiology 20180702

Composition of the gut microbiota has been linked with human immunedeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Evidence suggests that ART-treated patients with poor CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell recovery have higher levels of microbial translocation and immune activation. However, the association of the gut microbiota and immune recovery remains unclear. We performed a cross-sectional study on 30 healthy controls (HC) and 61 HIV-infected individuals, including 15 immunolog ...[more]

PMID: 30034377

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundCD4+ T cell counts in certain human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients called immunological non-responders (INRs) could not return to a normal level even with sustained antiretroviral therapy (ART) because of persistent immune activation, which is associated with pro-inflammatory cytokines production and an altered intestinal microbiome profile. Changes in gut bacterial composition have been linked to low CD4+ T cell counts in HIV-infected individuals. However, the association between CD4+ T cell counts and gut microbiota community composition and cytokines levels in INRs (CD4+ T cell counts < 500 cells/μL) from Yunnan Province, China, has not been previously investigated.MethodsTo address this issue, we carried out a cross-sectional study of 34 HIV-infected INRs. The patients were divided into CD4 count > 200 cells/μL group and CD4 count < 200 cells/μL group. The gut microbiota composition of each subject was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We also compared CD8+ T cell counts, pro-inflammatory cytokines levels, and nutritional status between the two groups.ResultsCompared to INRs with CD4 count > 200 cells/μL, those with CD4 count < 200 cells/μL had a lower CD4/CD8 ratio, lower nutritional status and higher serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon-γ-inducible protein (IP)-10 and interleukin (IL)-1α. Ruminococcaceae was less abundant in the CD4 count < 200 cells/μL group than in the CD4 count > 200 cells/μL group, and difference in alpha diversity was observed between the two groups. Moreover, CD4+ T cell counts were negatively associated with TNF-α and IL-1α levels and positively associated with the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that lower CD4+ T cell counts in INRs are associated with a reduced abundance of Ruminococcaceae in the gut and elevated serum pro-inflammatory cytokines levels. Thus, interventions targeting gut microbiota to increase CD4+ T cell counts are a potential strategy for promoting immune reconstitution in HIV-infected INRs.

Project description:Research on the relationship between changes in the gut microbiota and human disease, including AIDS, is a growing field. However, studies on the eukaryotic component of the intestinal microbiota have just begun and have not yet been conducted in HIV-infected patients. Moreover, eukaryotic community profiling is influenced by the use of different methodologies at each step of culture-independent techniques. Herein, initially, four DNA extraction protocols were compared to test the efficiency of each method in recovering eukaryotic DNA from fecal samples. Our results revealed that recovering eukaryotic components from fecal samples differs significantly among DNA extraction methods. Subsequently, the composition of the intestinal eukaryotic microbiota was evaluated in HIV-infected patients and healthy volunteers through clone sequencing, high-throughput sequencing of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers 1 (ITS1) and 2 (ITS2) amplicons and real-time PCRs. Our results revealed that not only richness (Chao-1 index) and alpha diversity (Shannon diversity) differ between HIV-infected patients and healthy volunteers, depending on the molecular strategy used, but also the global eukaryotic community composition, with little overlapping taxa found between techniques. Moreover, our results based on cloning libraries and ITS1/ITS2 metabarcoding sequencing showed significant differences in fungal composition between HIV-infected patients and healthy volunteers, but without distinct clusters separating the two groups. Malassezia restricta was significantly more prevalent in fecal samples of HIV-infected patients, according to cloning libraries, whereas operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis were significantly more abundant in fecal samples of HIV-infected patients compared to healthy subjects in both ITS subregions. Finally, real-time PCR showed the presence of Microsporidia, Giardia lamblia, Blastocystis and Hymenolepis diminuta in different proportions in fecal samples from HIV patients as compared to healthy individuals. Our work revealed that the use of different sequencing approaches can impact the perceived eukaryotic diversity results of the human gut. We also provide a more comprehensive view of the eukaryotic community in the gut of HIV-infected patients through the complementarity of the different molecular techniques used. Combining these various methodologies may provide a gold standard for a more complete characterization of the eukaryotic microbiome in future studies.

Project description:Polymorphisms in some host genes have a significant impact on susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and rate of disease progression (1, 2). The purpose of the current sub-study was to find out the relationship between polymorphisms in genes involved in the lipid metabolism and the CD4/CD8 T-cell counts.Sub-study of a cross-sectional, observational study conducted in 468 patients with HIV infection attended at the outpatient clinic to investigate individual genetic predisposition to atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD). All patients were genetically characterized and all polymorphisms were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Thirteen polymorphisms were selected from nine genes: APOA5 (rs662799 and rs3135506); APOC3 (rs5128 and rs4520); LPL (rs328 and rs268); CETP (rs708272); HL (rs1800588); MTP (rs1800591); APOE (rs7412 and rs429358); LRP5 (rs7116604); and VLDLR (rs1454626). Lipid and lipoprotein parameters, CD4 and CD8 T-cell counts and plasma HIV-RNA were determinate. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software version 19 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).We studied 468 HIV-infected patients (men, 77%), with a mean (SD) age of 45.9 (19.7) years. The mean CD4 T-cell count and nadir CD4 was 547 (459) and 193 (159) cells/µL, respectively; 78.7% of participants were virologically suppressed. Patients carrying rs3135506 in the APOA5 gene presented a 9% increase in circulating TG levels (p=0.002) and 10% decrease in HDLc levels (p=0.005). Such association of APOA5 towards dyslipidemia was accompanied by a 21% decrease of the CD4 T-cell count (p=0.024) and a 19% increase in CD8 T-cell count (p=0.002) in carriers of the rare allele in the APOA5 rs662799 polymorphism adjusted by age and gender. Patients carrying the rare allele in rs5128 (APOC3) had a 16% decrease in circulating CD4 T cells (p=0.029); patients carrying rs1800591 (MTP) had a 29% decrease in CD4 T cells and 14% decrease in CD8 T cells (p=0.018 and p=0.008, respectively); patients carrying the rare allele rs1800588 in HL had a 11% increase in CD4 T cells (p=0.043); and carriers of the rs145626 in the VLDLR gene had 10% decrease in CD4 circulating T cells (p=0.013).Variants in genes involved in the development of AD may also influence the immunological host-virus equilibrium in chronically HIV-infected subjects (2, 3).

Dataset Information

Association Between Gut Microbiota and CD4 Recovery in HIV-1 Infected Patients.

Publications

Association Between Gut Microbiota and CD4 Recovery in HIV-1 Infected Patients.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets