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Wnt7a induces satellite cell expansion, myofiber hyperplasia and hypertrophy in rat craniofacial muscle.

ABSTRACT: Craniofacial muscles drive critical functions in the head, including speech, feeding and expression. Compared with their counterparts in trunk and limbs, craniofacial muscles are of distinct embryonic origins, which might consequently lead to different growth patterns and regenerative potential. In this study, rat levator veli palatini muscle and masseter muscle were compared with tibialis anterior muscle in their response to exogenous Wnt7a stimulus, which has been proved effective in promoting muscle regeneration in the limbs. Histological, cellular and molecular analyses were performed both under basal condition and after a single dose injection of recombinant human Wnt7a. Under basal condition, levator veli palatini muscle demonstrated considerably more satellite cells than the others. After Wnt7a administration, regeneration-related activities, including satellite cell expansion, myofiber hyperplasia and hypertrophy were generally observed in all three muscles, but with obvious differences in the extent. The composition of fast/slow myofibers underwent substantial alterations, and the pattern varied among the three muscles. Location-specific alterations in the expression level of core components in planar cell polarity pathway, Akt/mTOR pathway and myostatin pathway were also observed. In conclusion, both craniofacial and limb muscles could be effectively expanded by exogenous Wnt7a stimulus, but muscle-to-muscle variations in response patterns existed.

SUBMITTER: Cheng X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6045621 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Wnt7a induces satellite cell expansion, myofiber hyperplasia and hypertrophy in rat craniofacial muscle.

Cheng Xu X Huang Hanyao H Luo Xiangyou X Shi Bing B Li Jingtao J

Scientific reports 20180713 1

Craniofacial muscles drive critical functions in the head, including speech, feeding and expression. Compared with their counterparts in trunk and limbs, craniofacial muscles are of distinct embryonic origins, which might consequently lead to different growth patterns and regenerative potential. In this study, rat levator veli palatini muscle and masseter muscle were compared with tibialis anterior muscle in their response to exogenous Wnt7a stimulus, which has been proved effective in promoting ...[more]

PMID: 30006540

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Project description:BackgroundAs the resident stem cells of skeletal muscle, satellite cells are activated by extracellular cues associated with local damage. Once activated, satellite cells will re-enter the cell cycle to proliferate and supply a population of myoblasts, which will repair or replace damaged myofibers by differentiating and fusing either with an existing myofiber or with each other. There is also evidence that the orientation of cell division with respect to the myofiber may indicate or convey asymmetry in the two daughter cells. Our recent studies with time-lapse imaging of myofiber-associated satellite cells in vitro have yielded new data on the timing and orientation of satellite cell divisions, and revealed persistent differences in the behavior of daughter cells from planar versus vertical divisions.ResultsWe analyzed 244 individual fiber-associated satellite cells in time-lapse video from 24 to 48 hours after myofiber harvest. We found that initial cell division in fiber culture is not synchronous, although presumably all cells were activated by the initial trauma of harvest; that cell cycling time is significantly shorter than previously thought (as short as 4.8 hours, averaging 10 hours between the first and second divisions and eight hours between the second and third); and that timing of subsequent divisions is not strongly correlated with timing of the initial division. Approximately 65% of first and 80% of second cell divisions occur parallel to the axis of the myofiber, whereas the remainder occur outside the plane of the fiber surface (vertical division). We previously demonstrated that daughter cells frequently remain associated with each other after division or reassociate after a brief separation, and that unrelated cells may also associate for significant periods of time. We show in this paper that daughter cells resulting from a vertical division remain associated with one another several times longer than do daughters from a horizontal division. However, the total average time of association between sister cells is not significantly different from the total average time of association between unrelated cells.ConclusionsThese longitudinal characterizations of satellite cell behavior shortly after activation provide new insights into cell proliferation and association as a function of relatedness, and indicate significant and consistent heterogeneity within the population based on these metrics.

Dataset Information

Wnt7a induces satellite cell expansion, myofiber hyperplasia and hypertrophy in rat craniofacial muscle.

Publications

Wnt7a induces satellite cell expansion, myofiber hyperplasia and hypertrophy in rat craniofacial muscle.

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