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First-in-Human Randomized, Controlled Trial of Mosaic HIV-1 Immunogens Delivered via a Modified Vaccinia Ankara Vector.

ABSTRACT: Background:Mosaic immunogens are bioinformatically engineered human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) sequences designed to elicit clade-independent coverage against globally circulating HIV-1 strains. Methods:This phase 1, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial enrolled healthy HIV-uninfected adults who received 2 doses of a modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA)-vectored HIV-1 bivalent mosaic immunogen vaccine or placebo on days 0 and 84. Two groups were enrolled: those who were HIV-1 vaccine naive (n = 15) and those who had received an HIV-1 vaccine (Ad26.ENVA.01) 4-6 years earlier (n = 10). We performed prespecified blinded cellular and humoral immunogenicity analyses at days 0, 14, 28, 84, 98, 112, 168, 270, and 365. Results:All 50 planned vaccinations were administered. Vaccination was safe and generally well tolerated. No vaccine-related serious adverse events occurred. Both cellular and humoral cross-clade immune responses were elicited after 1 or 2 vaccinations in all participants in the HIV-1 vaccine-naive group. Env-specific responses were induced after a single immunization in nearly all subjects who had previously received the prototype Ad26.ENVA.01 vaccine. Conclusions:No safety concerns were identified, and multiclade HIV-1-specific immune responses were elicited. Clinical Trials Registration:NCT02218125.

SUBMITTER: Baden LR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6047429 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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First-in-Human Randomized, Controlled Trial of Mosaic HIV-1 Immunogens Delivered via a Modified Vaccinia Ankara Vector.

Baden Lindsey R LR Walsh Stephen R SR Seaman Michael S MS Cohen Yehuda Z YZ Johnson Jennifer A JA Licona J Humberto JH Filter Rachel D RD Kleinjan Jane A JA Gothing Jon A JA Jennings Julia J Peter Lauren L Nkolola Joseph J Abbink Peter P Borducchi Erica N EN Kirilova Marinela M Stephenson Kathryn E KE Pegu Poonam P Eller Michael A MA Trinh Hung V HV Rao Mangala M Ake Julie A JA Sarnecki Michal M Nijs Steven S Callewaert Katleen K Schuitemaker Hanneke H Hendriks Jenny J Pau Maria G MG Tomaka Frank F Korber Bette T BT Alter Galit G Dolin Raphael R Earl Patricia L PL Moss Bernard B Michael Nelson L NL Robb Merlin L ML Barouch Dan H DH

The Journal of infectious diseases 20180701 4

<h4>Background</h4>Mosaic immunogens are bioinformatically engineered human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) sequences designed to elicit clade-independent coverage against globally circulating HIV-1 strains.<h4>Methods</h4>This phase 1, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial enrolled healthy HIV-uninfected adults who received 2 doses of a modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA)-vectored HIV-1 bivalent mosaic immunogen vaccine or placebo on days 0 and 84. Two groups were enrolled: thos ...[more]

PMID: 29669026

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Project description:Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), an attenuated poxvirus, has been developed as a potential vaccine vector for use against cancer and multiple infectious diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). MVA is highly immunogenic and elicits strong cellular and humoral responses in preclinical models and humans. However, there is potential to further enhance the immunogenicity of MVA, as MVA-infected cells undergo rapid apoptosis, leading to faster clearance of recombinant antigens and potentially blunting a greater response. Here, we generated MVA-B13R by replacing the fragmented 181R/182R genes of MVA with a functional anti-apoptotic gene, B13R, and confirmed its anti-apoptotic function against chemically induced apoptosis in vitro In addition, MVA-B13R showed a significant delay in induction of apoptosis in muscle cells derived from mice and humans, as well as in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and CD141+ DCs from rhesus macaques, compared to the induction of apoptosis in MVA-infected cells. MVA-B13R expressing simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Gag and Pol and HIV envelope (SHIV) (MVA-B13R/SHIV) produced higher levels of envelope in the supernatants than MVA/SHIV-infected DF-1 cells in vitro Immunization of BALB/c mice showed induction of higher levels of envelope-specific antibody-secreting cells and memory B cells, higher IgG antibody titers, and better persistence of antibody titers with MVA-B13R/SHIV than with MVA/SHIV. Gene set enrichment analysis of draining lymph node cells from day 1 after immunization showed negative enrichment for interferon responses in MVA-B13R/SHIV-immunized mice compared to the responses in MVA/SHIV-immunized mice. Taken together, these results demonstrate that restoring B13R functionality in MVA significantly delays MVA-induced apoptosis in muscle and antigen-presenting cells in vitro and augments vaccine-induced humoral immunity in mice.IMPORTANCE MVA is an attractive viral vector for vaccine development due to its safety and immunogenicity in multiple species and humans even under conditions of immunodeficiency. Here, to further improve the immunogenicity of MVA, we developed a novel vector, MVA-B13R, by replacing the fragmented anti-apoptotic genes 181R/182R with a functional version derived from vaccinia virus, B13R Our results show that MVA-B13R significantly delays apoptosis in antigen-presenting cells and muscle cells in vitro and augments vaccine-induced humoral immunity in mice, leading to the development of a novel vector for vaccine development against infectious diseases and cancer.

Dataset Information

First-in-Human Randomized, Controlled Trial of Mosaic HIV-1 Immunogens Delivered via a Modified Vaccinia Ankara Vector.

Publications

First-in-Human Randomized, Controlled Trial of Mosaic HIV-1 Immunogens Delivered via a Modified Vaccinia Ankara Vector.

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