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Vaccine uptake and immune responses to HBV infection amongst vaccinated and non-vaccinated healthcare workers, household and sexual contacts to chronically infected HBV individuals in the South West Region of Cameroon.


ABSTRACT:

Background

HBV infection affects about 257 million people globally and Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest burden. The disease still constitutes a major public health problem despite the advent of preventive measures like the HBV vaccine. This study was aimed at identifying factors that influence vaccine uptake and the efficacy of administered vaccines among people at high risk of HBV infection.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study conducted between January 2016 and December 2017. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to capture information on sociodemographic and vaccination status from healthcare workers, household and sexual contacts to HBV infected people. HBV serological panel as well as quantitative anti-HBs ELISA test was done for all participants. Additional information was obtained from the institutions that administered the vaccines.

Results

A total of 265 participants with a mean age of 32.1±8.7 were enrolled. Eighty (30.2%) of them had received at least 1 dose of the HBV vaccine while 185 (69.8%) were unvaccinated. Healthcare workers were the most vaccinated (37%). Ignorance, negligence, fear of injection and the cost of the vaccine all contributed to poor vaccine uptake in the study population. Natural immunity was seen in 9 (3.4%) of the participants. Only 64.9% of the vaccinated participants attained the desirable level of anti-HBs (?10mIU/ml) 1-2 months after ? 3 doses of the vaccine. Age, gender, obesity, alcohol and smoking were not significantly associated with poor immune responses. No standardized protocol was followed by the institutions administering the vaccine.

Conclusion

This study revealed very poor vaccine uptake and poor immune responses to the HBV vaccine in the study population and this should urge the health sector in Cameroon to intensify their sensitization on HBV vaccine, standardize the protocol for storing and administering the vaccine, subsidize the cost of the vaccine especially amongst healthcare workers and encourage anti-HBs post vaccination testing.

SUBMITTER: Meriki HD 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6047772 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Vaccine uptake and immune responses to HBV infection amongst vaccinated and non-vaccinated healthcare workers, household and sexual contacts to chronically infected HBV individuals in the South West Region of Cameroon.

Meriki Henry Dilonga HD   Tufon Kukwah Anthony KA   Anong Damian Nota DN   Tony Nyeke James NJ   Kwenti Tebit Emmanuel TE   Bolimo Ayah Flora AF   Kouanou Youmbi Sylvain YS   Nkuo-Akenji Theresa T  

PloS one 20180716 7


<h4>Background</h4>HBV infection affects about 257 million people globally and Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest burden. The disease still constitutes a major public health problem despite the advent of preventive measures like the HBV vaccine. This study was aimed at identifying factors that influence vaccine uptake and the efficacy of administered vaccines among people at high risk of HBV infection.<h4>Methods</h4>This was a cross-sectional study conducted between January 2016 and December 20  ...[more]

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