Dataset Information

Probiotics into outer space: feasibility assessments of encapsulated freeze-dried probiotics during 1 month's storage on the International Space Station.

ABSTRACT: Suppression of immune function during long spaceflights is an issue that needs to be overcome. The well-established probiotic Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota (LcS) could be a promising countermeasure, and we have launched a project to investigate the efficacy of its use on the International Space Station (ISS). As a first step, we developed a specialist probiotic product for space experiments, containing freeze-dried LcS in capsule form (Probiotics Package), and tested its stability through 1 month of storage on the ISS. The temperature inside the ISS ranged from 20.0 to 24.5?°C. The absorbed dose rate of the flight sample was 0.26 mGy/day and the dose equivalent rate was 0.52?mSv/day. The number of live LcS was 1.05?×?10¹¹ colony-forming units/g powder (49.5% of the initial value) 6 months after the start of the study; this value was comparable to those in the two ground controls. Profiles of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA, sequence variant frequency, carbohydrate fermentation, reactivity to LcS-specific antibody, and the cytokine-inducing ability of LcS in the flight sample did not differ from those of the ground controls. We can therefore maintain the viability and basic probiotic properties of LcS stored as a Probiotics Package on the ISS.

SUBMITTER: Sakai T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6048169 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Probiotics into outer space: feasibility assessments of encapsulated freeze-dried probiotics during 1 month's storage on the International Space Station.

Sakai Takafumi T Moteki Yasuhiro Y Takahashi Takuya T Shida Kan K Kiwaki Mayumi M Shimakawa Yasuhisa Y Matsui Akihisa A Chonan Osamu O Morikawa Kazuya K Ohta Toshiko T Ohshima Hiroshi H Furukawa Satoshi S

Scientific reports 20180716 1

Suppression of immune function during long spaceflights is an issue that needs to be overcome. The well-established probiotic Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota (LcS) could be a promising countermeasure, and we have launched a project to investigate the efficacy of its use on the International Space Station (ISS). As a first step, we developed a specialist probiotic product for space experiments, containing freeze-dried LcS in capsule form (Probiotics Package), and tested its stability through 1 ...[more]

PMID: 30013086

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Project description:Background:Modern advances in sequencing technology have enabled the census of microbial members of many natural ecosystems. Recently, attention is increasingly being paid to the microbial residents of human-made, built ecosystems, both private (homes) and public (subways, office buildings, and hospitals). Here, we report results of the characterization of the microbial ecology of a singular built environment, the International Space Station (ISS). This ISS sampling involved the collection and microbial analysis (via 16S rDNA PCR) of 15 surfaces sampled by swabs onboard the ISS. This sampling was a component of Project MERCCURI (Microbial Ecology Research Combining Citizen and University Researchers on ISS). Learning more about the microbial inhabitants of the "buildings" in which we travel through space will take on increasing importance, as plans for human exploration continue, with the possibility of colonization of other planets and moons. Results:Sterile swabs were used to sample 15 surfaces onboard the ISS. The sites sampled were designed to be analogous to samples collected for (1) the Wildlife of Our Homes project and (2) a study of cell phones and shoes that were concurrently being collected for another component of Project MERCCURI. Sequencing of the 16S rDNA genes amplified from DNA extracted from each swab was used to produce a census of the microbes present on each surface sampled. We compared the microbes found on the ISS swabs to those from both homes on Earth and data from the Human Microbiome Project. Conclusions:While significantly different from homes on Earth and the Human Microbiome Project samples analyzed here, the microbial community composition on the ISS was more similar to home surfaces than to the human microbiome samples. The ISS surfaces are species-rich with 1,036-4,294 operational taxonomic units (OTUs per sample). There was no discernible biogeography of microbes on the 15 ISS surfaces, although this may be a reflection of the small sample size we were able to obtain.

Dataset Information

Probiotics into outer space: feasibility assessments of encapsulated freeze-dried probiotics during 1 month's storage on the International Space Station.

Publications

Probiotics into outer space: feasibility assessments of encapsulated freeze-dried probiotics during 1 month's storage on the International Space Station.

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