Dataset Information

Spatial and Temporal Trends of Number of Deaths Attributable to Ambient PM_2.5 in the Korea.

ABSTRACT:

Background

We aimed to evaluate the spatial and temporal trends of the health burden attributable to particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter (PM_2.5) in the metropolitan cities and provinces of the Korea.

Methods

We used modeled PM_2.5 concentration data for the basic administrative levels, comprising the cities and the provinces of Korea, the corresponding annual population census data for each level, and the age and cause specific mortality data. We applied cause-specific integrated exposure-response functions to calculate the premature mortality attributable to ambient PM_2.5 for four disease end points (ischemic heart disease [IHD], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], lung cancer [LC], and cerebrovascular disease [stroke]) for the year 2015. Moreover, the temporal trends of the health burden from 2006 to 2015 were assessed.

Results

The annual average PM_2.5 concentration for Korea was 24.4 ?g/m³, and 11,924 premature deaths were attributable to PM_2.5 exposure in 2015. By simulating the reduction in the annual mean values of PM_2.5 to 10 µg/m³, about 8,539 premature deaths were preventable. There was spatial variation in mortality burden attributable to PM_2.5 across the sub-national regions of Korea. In particular, the high burden was concentrated at Seoul and Gyeonggi province due to the high population density. However, decreasing trends were noted for most of the metropolitan cities and provinces of Korea since 2006.

Conclusion

Our findings show that further actions to improve air quality in Korea would substantially improve the health burden due to particulate matter.

SUBMITTER: Han C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6052329 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Spatial and Temporal Trends of Number of Deaths Attributable to Ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> in the Korea.

Han Changwoo C Kim Soontae S Lim Youn-Hee YH Bae Hyun-Joo HJ Hong Yun-Chul YC

Journal of Korean medical science 20180604 30

<h4>Background</h4>We aimed to evaluate the spatial and temporal trends of the health burden attributable to particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) in the metropolitan cities and provinces of the Korea.<h4>Methods</h4>We used modeled PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration data for the basic administrative levels, comprising the cities and the provinces of Korea, the corresponding annual population census data for each level, and the age and cause specific mortality data. We a ...[more]

PMID: 30034305

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Project description:ObjectivePM2.5, which is a major contributor to air pollution, has large effects on lung cancer mortality. We want to analyse the long-term trends in lung cancer burden attributable to PM2.5 exposure and provide evidence that can be used for preventive measures and health resource planning.MethodsMortality data related to lung cancer were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 project. A joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess the magnitude and direction of the trends in mortality from 1990 to 2019, and the age-period-cohort method was used to analyse the temporal trends in the mortality rate of lung cancer attributable to PM2.5 exposure by age, period, and cohort.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) attributable to PM2.5 exposure trended slowly upwards, and the ASMR due to ambient PM2.5 exposure (APE) increased significantly, that due to household PM2.5 exposure (HPE) decreased. The longitudinal age curves show that the mortality rates due to PM2.5 exposure among younger individuals were low, and they significantly increased from their levels among those in the 45-49 age group to their levels among those in the over-85 age group. From 1990 to 2019, the period RRs due to APE increased, but those due to HPE decreased. Similar trends were observed in the cohort RRs. The overall net drift per year attributable to PM2.5 exposure was below 0. The local drift values increased with age and were above 0 for the over-80 age groups. The overall net drifts per year were above zero for APE and below zero for HPE. The corresponding results among males were higher than those among females.ConclusionsIn China, the type of air pollution responsible for lung cancer has changed from household air pollution to ambient air pollution. PM2.5 exposure is more harmful among males and older people. Ambient air pollution should be emphasized, and China should strengthen its implementation of effective public policies and other interventions.

Project description:Background: Ambient particulate matter is a public health concern in East Asia as it contributes to a growing number of all-cause and cancer deaths. This study aimed to estimate lung cancer death attributable to ambient particulate matter (PM) < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) in East Asia countries. Methods: The attributable death rates of lung cancer were estimated based on the calculation of population attributable fraction. We performed joinpoint regression analysis and age-period-cohort (APC) model to estimate temporal trends of the attributable death to PM2.5. Results: In 2019, PM2.5 was estimated to have caused 42.2% (nearly 0.13 million) of lung cancer deaths in East Asia men. During 1990-2019, the increase in age-standardized death rates of lung cancer attributable to PM2.5 was highest in China, which increased by 3.50% in males and 3.71% in females. The death rate caused by PM2.5 also significantly increased in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (2.16% in males; 3.06% in females). Joinpoint analysis showed that the rates generally increased in younger and older people in both the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and Mongolia, while it only increased in elderly people in other countries'. Age effect from APC analysis demonstrated the risk of lung cancer death attributable to PM2.5 generally increased from young to old age. Period effect indicated that from 1994-1998 to 2019-2023 period risk continuously increased by 1.77, 1.68, and 1.72 times in China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and Japan, respectively. The period risk decreased from 1999 to 2009 and subsequently increased from 2009 to 2019 in both the Republic of Korea and Mongolia. Conclusions: The death rate of lung cancer attributable to PM2.5 is increasing in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Mongolia, and China. In East Asia, China is facing the highest attributable death rate in recent decades. The period effect suggested a remarkably increased risk of lung cancer death caused by PM2.5 in China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and Japan during the long-term period. It is recommended that the governments of these countries should continuously concentrate on particulate matter pollution governance and improvement.

Dataset Information

Spatial and Temporal Trends of Number of Deaths Attributable to Ambient PM_2.5 in the Korea.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Spatial and Temporal Trends of Number of Deaths Attributable to Ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> in the Korea.

Similar Datasets

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Dataset Information

Spatial and Temporal Trends of Number of Deaths Attributable to Ambient PM2.5 in the Korea.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Spatial and Temporal Trends of Number of Deaths Attributable to Ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> in the Korea.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets

Spatial and Temporal Trends of Number of Deaths Attributable to Ambient PM_2.5 in the Korea.