Dataset Information

Glucose Tolerance Tests and Osteocalcin Responses in Healthy People.

ABSTRACT: Aim: Osteocalcin and undercarboxylated osteocalcin are suggested to be endocrine messengers from the bones and have been shown to stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic ?-cells. Insulin is hypothesized to increase the osteoblastic production of osteocalcin. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the route of glucose administration influence the circulating levels of osteocalcin and undercarboxylated osteocalcin. Methods: Twelve healthy males were enrolled in an acute cross-over study where they underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), an isoglycemic intravenous glucose infusion (IIGI) and a fasting period (control). Blood samples were collected throughout 180 min and analyzed for osteocalcin and undercarboxylated osteocalcin and compared to insulin, glucose, and gastro-intestinal hormone responses. Results: Neither osteocalcin levels nor undercarboxylated osteocalcin levels over time differed between the OGTT, IIGI, and fasting. Baseline insulin levels and glucose levels were not associated with osteocalcin or undercarboxylated osteocalcin levels. Increases in insulin and glucose levels were neither associated with altered osteocalcin nor undercarboxylated osteocalcin levels. Conclusion: The route of glucose administration does not influence the circulating levels of osteocalcin and undercarboxylated osteocalcin despite the differential insulin and incretin responses. In the acute setting this suggests that insulin does not increase osteoblastic production of osteocalcin in healthy human males.

SUBMITTER: Starup-Linde J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6053521 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Glucose Tolerance Tests and Osteocalcin Responses in Healthy People.

Starup-Linde Jakob J Westberg-Rasmussen Sidse S Lykkeboe Simon S Handberg Aase A Hartmann Bolette B Holst Jens J JJ Hermansen Kjeld K Vestergaard Peter P Gregersen Søren S

Frontiers in endocrinology 20180713

<b>Aim:</b> Osteocalcin and undercarboxylated osteocalcin are suggested to be endocrine messengers from the bones and have been shown to stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. Insulin is hypothesized to increase the osteoblastic production of osteocalcin. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the route of glucose administration influence the circulating levels of osteocalcin and undercarboxylated osteocalcin. <b>Methods</b>: Twelve healthy males were enrolled in an acute ...[more]

PMID: 30057568

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Project description:As insulin sensitivity may help to explain divergences in growth and body composition between native and modern breeds, metabolic responses to glucose infusion were measured using an intra-arterial glucose tolerance test (IAGTT). Iberian (n = 4) and Landrace (n = 5) barrows (47.0 ± 1.2 kg body weight (BW)), fitted with a permanent carotid artery catheter were injected with glucose (500 mg/kg BW) and blood samples collected at -10, 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min following glucose infusion. Plasma samples were analysed for insulin, glucose, lactate, triglycerides, cholesterol, creatinine, albumin and urea. Insulin sensitivity indices were calculated and analysed. Mean plasma glucose, creatinine and cholesterol concentrations were lower (P < 0.01) in Iberian (14, 68 and 22%, respectively) than in Landrace pigs during the IAGTT. However, mean plasma insulin, lactate, triglycerides and urea concentrations were greater (P < 0.001) in Iberian (50, 35, 18 and 23%, respectively) than in Landrace pigs. Iberian pigs had larger area under the curve (AUC) of insulin (P < 0.05) or tended to a greater AUC of lactate (P < 0.10), and a smaller (P < 0.05) AUC for glucose 0-60 min compared with Landrace pigs. Indices for estimating insulin sensitivity in fasting conditions indicated improved β-cell function in Iberian compared with Landrace pigs, but no difference (P > 0.10) in calculated insulin sensitivity index was found after IAGTT between breeds. A time response (P < 0.05) was obtained for insulin, glucose and lactate so that maximum concentration was achieved at 10 and 15 min post-infusion for insulin (Iberian and Landrace pigs, respectively), immediately post-infusion for glucose, and 20 min post-infusion for lactate, decreasing thereafter until basal levels. There was no time effect for the rest of metabolites evaluated. In conclusion, growing Iberian pigs challenged with an IAGTT showed changes in biochemical parameters and insulin response that may indicate an early stage of insulin resistance.

Project description:BackgroundAround 308 million people worldwide are estimated to have impaired glucose tolerance (IGT); 25% to 75% of these will develop diabetes within a decade of initial diagnosis. At diagnosis, half will have tissue-related damage and all have an increased risk for coronary heart disease.ObjectivesThe objective of this review was to assess the effects and safety of Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of people with impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose (IFG).Search strategyWe searched the following databases: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, AMED, a range of Chinese language databases, SIGLE and databases of ongoing trials.Selection criteriaRandomised clinical trials comparing Chinese herbal medicines with placebo, no treatment, pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions in people with IGT or IFG were considered.Data collection and analysisTwo authors independently extracted data. Trials were assessed for risk of bias against key criteria: random sequence generation, allocation concealment, blinding of participants, outcome assessors and intervention providers, incomplete outcome data, selective outcome reporting and other sources of bias.Main resultsThis review examined 16 trials lasting four weeks to two years involving 1391 participants receiving 15 different Chinese herbal medicines in eight different comparisons. No trial reported on mortality, morbidity or costs. No serious adverse events like severe hypoglycaemia were observed. Meta-analysis of eight trials showed that those receiving Chinese herbal medicines combined with lifestyle modification were more than twice as likely to have their fasting plasma glucose levels return to normal levels (i.e. fasting plasma glucose <7.8 mmol/L and 2hr blood glucose <11.1 mmol/L) compared to lifestyle modification alone (RR 2.07; 95% confidence intervall (CI) 1.52 to 2.82). Those receiving Chinese herbs were less likely to progress to diabetes over the duration of the trial (RR 0.33; 95% CI 0.19 to 0.58). However, all trials had a considerable risk of bias and none of the specific herbal medicines comparison data was available from more than one study. Moreover, results could have been confounded by rates of natural reversion to normal glucose levels.Authors' conclusionsThe positive evidence in favour of Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of IGT or IFG is constrained by the following factors: lack of trials that tested the same herbal medicine, lack of details on co-interventions, unclear methods of randomisation, poor reporting and other risks of bias.

Dataset Information

Glucose Tolerance Tests and Osteocalcin Responses in Healthy People.

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Glucose Tolerance Tests and Osteocalcin Responses in Healthy People.

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