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Magnetite-Gold nanohybrids as ideal all-in-one platforms for theranostics.

ABSTRACT: High-quality, 25?nm octahedral-shaped Fe₃O₄ magnetite nanocrystals are epitaxially grown on 9?nm Au seed nanoparticles using a modified wet-chemical synthesis. These Fe₃O₄-Au Janus nanoparticles exhibit bulk-like magnetic properties. Due to their high magnetization and octahedral shape, the hybrids show superior in vitro and in vivo T₂ relaxivity for magnetic resonance imaging as compared to other types of Fe₃O₄-Au hybrids and commercial contrast agents. The nanoparticles provide two functional surfaces for theranostic applications. For the first time, Fe₃O₄-Au hybrids are conjugated with two fluorescent dyes or the combination of drug and dye allowing the simultaneous tracking of the nanoparticle vehicle and the drug cargo in vitro and in vivo. The delivery to tumors and payload release are demonstrated in real time by intravital microscopy. Replacing the dyes by cell-specific molecules and drugs makes the Fe₃O₄-Au hybrids a unique all-in-one platform for theranostics.

SUBMITTER: Efremova MV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6062557 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Magnetite-Gold nanohybrids as ideal all-in-one platforms for theranostics.

Efremova Maria V MV Naumenko Victor A VA Spasova Marina M Garanina Anastasiia S AS Abakumov Maxim A MA Blokhina Anastasia D AD Melnikov Pavel A PA Prelovskaya Alexandra O AO Heidelmann Markus M Li Zi-An ZA Ma Zheng Z Shchetinin Igor V IV Golovin Yuri I YI Kireev Igor I II Savchenko Alexander G AG Chekhonin Vladimir P VP Klyachko Natalia L NL Farle Michael M Majouga Alexander G AG Wiedwald Ulf U

Scientific reports 20180726 1

High-quality, 25 nm octahedral-shaped Fe3O4 magnetite nanocrystals are epitaxially grown on 9 nm Au seed nanoparticles using a modified wet-chemical synthesis. These Fe3O4-Au Janus nanoparticles exhibit bulk-like magnetic properties. Due to their high magnetization and octahedral shape, the hybrids show superior in vitro and in vivo T2 relaxivity for magnetic resonance imaging as compared to other types of Fe3O4-Au hybr ...[more]

PMID: 30050080

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Project description:Introduction: Growing advances in nanotechnology have facilitated the applications of newly emerged nanomaterials in the field of biomedical/pharmaceutical sciences. Following this trend, the multifunctional nanoparticles (NPs) play a significant role in development of advanced drug delivery systems (DDSs) such as diapeutics/theranostics used for simultaneous diagnosis and therapy. Multifunctional radiolabeled NPs with capability of detecting, visualizing and destroying diseased cells with least side effects have been considered as an emerging filed in presentation of the best choice in solving the therapeutic problems. Functionalized magnetic and gold NPs (MNPs and GNPs, respectively) have produced the potential of nanoparticles as sensitive multifunctional probes for molecular imaging, photothermal therapy and drug delivery and targeting. Methods: In this study, we review the most recent works on the improvement of various techniques for development of radiolabeled magnetic and gold nanoprobes, and discuss the methods for targeted imaging and therapies. Results: The receptor-specific radiopharmaceuticals have been developed to localized radiotherapy in disease sites. Application of advanced multimodal imaging methods and related modality imaging agents labeled with various radioisotopes (e.g., 125I, 111In, 64Cu, 68Ga, 99mTc) and MNPs/GNPs have significant effects on treatment and prognosis of cancer therapy. In addition, the surface modification with biocompatible polymer such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) have resulted in development of stealth NPs that can evade the opsonization and immune clearance. These long-circulating agents can be decorated with homing agents as well as radioisotopes for targeted imaging and therapy purposes. Conclusion: The modified MNPs or GNPs have wide applications in concurrent diagnosis and therapy of various malignancies. Once armed with radioisotopes, these nanosystems (NSs) can be exploited for combined multimodality imaging with photothermal/photodynamic therapy while delivering the loaded drugs or genes to the targeted cells/tissues. These NSs will be a game changer in combating various cancers.

Project description:In this work, multifunctional nanocarriers consisting of poly(sodium-4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS)/doxorubicin (DOXO)/poly-l-lysine hydrobromide (PLL)/hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated and (PSS/DOXO/PLL)2/HA-coated gold nanorods were assembled by the layer-by-layer technique with the aims of coupling the plasmonic photothermal properties of the metal nanoparticles for plasmonic hyperthermia and the chemoaction of drug DOXO for potential intended combinatorial cancer therapeutics in the future as well as providing different strategies for the controlled and sustained release of the cargo drug molecules. To do that, DOXO could be successfully loaded onto the hybrid nanoconstructs through electrostatic interactions with high efficiencies of up to ca. 78.3 ± 6.9% for the first formed drug layer and 56 ± 13% for the second one, with a total efficiency for the whole system [(PSS/DOXO/PLL)2/HA-coated NRs] of ca. 65.7 ± 1.4%. Nanohybrid internalization was observed to be enhanced by the outer HA layer, which is able to target the CD44 receptors widely overexpressed in some types of cancers as lung, breast, or ovarian ones. Hence, these nanohybrid systems might be versatile nanoplatforms to simultaneously deliver sufficient heat for therapeutic plasmonic hyperthermia and the anticancer drug. Two controlled mechanisms were proposed to modulate the release of the chemodrug, one by means of the enzymatic degradable character of the PLL layer and another by the modulation of the interactions between the polymeric layers through the exploitation of the optical properties of the hybrid particles under near infrared (NIR) laser irradiation. The combination of this bimodal therapeutic approach exerted a synergistic cytotoxic effect on both HeLa and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells in vitro. Cell death mechanisms were also analyzed, elucidating that plasmonic photothermal therapy induces cell necrosis, whereas DOXO activates the cell apoptotic pathway. Therefore, the present NIR laser-induced targeted cancer thermo/chemotherapy represents a novel targeted anticancer strategy with easy control on demand and suitable therapeutic efficacy.

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Magnetite-Gold nanohybrids as ideal all-in-one platforms for theranostics.

Publications

Magnetite-Gold nanohybrids as ideal all-in-one platforms for theranostics.

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